Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate; a second substrate configured to be separated from and overlap the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystal molecules; a first polymer layer disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer; a second polymer layer disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a plurality of protrusions disposed in at least one of a first position between the first polymer layer and the liquid crystal layer and a second position between the second polymer layer and the liquid crystal layer, in which the protrusions include polymers of reactive mesogens, and the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer include a polymer of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1.

Abstract: A speaker device for a vehicle includes a speaker unit, an enclosure mounted to a vehicle body accommodating the speaker unit, and provided with an inner space which is divided into a front space into which a front sound of the speaker unit is radiated and a rear space into which a rear sound of the speaker unit is radiated by a division member, a first path connecting the front space to a first division space provided in the vehicle body, a second path connecting the rear space to a second division space provided in the vehicle body, and a front sound outlet connecting the front space to an indoor space of the vehicle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: Provided is a cap for a cosmetic bottle. The cap for the cosmetic bottle includes a coupling member provided at the upper end thereof with a plurality of moving bars, a button member provided at an inner surface thereof with a plurality of moving grooves so that the moving bars are vertically inserted into the moving grooves, a pumping part being coupled with a lower end of a pumping member, an elastic member interposed between the coupling member and the button member, a rotating member rotatably coupled with an outside of the coupling member, an adjusting member rotatably inserted into an inner surface of an upper end of the rotating member, a button member outputting unit to allow the button member to vertically move up or down if the rotating member is rotated, and a coupling unit to couple the rotating member with the coupling member or the adjusting member.

Abstract: Provided are a method of and a device for purifying isopropyl alcohol. Water may be effectively removed from a feed including water and isopropyl alcohol while consuming a minimum amount of energy, and therefore, a high-purity isopropyl alcohol may be obtained.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes: a display area comprising pixels; a peripheral area disposed at an edge of the display area; a common voltage application wiring configured to transfer a common voltage; and a data voltage application wiring configured to transfer a data voltage. A ratio of a width of the common voltage application wiring and a width of the data voltage application wiring is in a range of 2:1 to 1:1.

Abstract: A vessel cap of cosmetics includes a coupling member formed on an inner circumferential surface thereof with a female screw part such that the female screw part is engaged with a male screw part formed on an outer circumferential surface of an opening formed in an upper portion of a vessel which receives liquid-phase contents, a spuit tube which is coupled to the coupling member to suck and discharge the contents received in the vessel, and a pumping unit of the spuit tube, which sucks the contents into the spuit tube after inserting the spuit tube into the vessel in a state that internal air of the spuit tube is partially discharged. The spuit tube is inserted into high-viscosity and liquid-phase contents received in the vessel after the internal air is discharged from the spuit tube, thereby previously preventing the discharged air from being introduced into the spuit tube.

Abstract: Provided is a cap structure for a vessel, which can be coupled with the vessel to open or close the vessel. The cap structure includes an inner cap coupled with an upper end portion of the vessel, an outer cap fitted around an outer-diameter surface of the inner cap, a component inserted into the outer and inner caps, at least one fixing groove extending downward from an upper end portion of the inner cap, an operating part inserted into the inner cap, a driving part formed by partially cutting an upper end portion of the operating part in a vertically downward direction, a rotational member allowing the driving part to reciprocate about the bending groove, and a detachable member to lock or release the component. The cap opens or closes the vessel by fixedly attaching the component to the cap disassembled from the vessel or separating the component from the cap.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device includes a thin-film transistor (“TFT”) array flat substrate, an opposing flat substrate, a liquid-crystal layer including liquid-crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy between the TFT array flat substrate and the opposing flat substrate, a pattern electrode between the TFT array flat substrate and the liquid-crystal layer, a first liquid-crystal alignment layer including an electric field sensitive polymer compound between the pattern electrode and the liquid-crystal layer, a patternless electrode between the opposing flat substrate and the liquid-crystal layer and a second liquid-crystal alignment layer between the patternless electrode and the liquid-crystal layer where the electric field sensitive polymer includes a main chain, vertically-aligned side chains, and liquid-crystalline side chains including a mesogen unit having at least two cyclic combinations, a polar group coupled with an end of the mesogen unit, and a flexible group coupled with another end

Abstract: Provided is a cap structure of a vessel, which is coupled with the vessel to close or open the vessel. The cap structure includes an inner cap having a cylindrical shape and coupled with an upper end portion of the vessel to open or close the vessel, an outer cap having a cylindrical shape and fitted around an outer-diameter surface of the inner cap such that the outer cap is coupled with the inner cap, a component inserted into the outer cap and the inner cap, and a detachable unit to fixedly couple the component with the inner cap or the outer cap or separate the component from the inner cap or the outer cap without separating the inner cap or the outer cap from the vessel. The cap opens or closes the vessel by fixedly attaching the component to the cap disassembled from the vessel or separating the component from the cap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: Provided is a cap structure for a vessel, which is coupled with the vessel to open/close the vessel. The cap includes an inner cap coupled with an upper end portion of the vessel, an outer cap fitted around an outer diameter of the inner cap, a circular part inserted into the mounting part, in which the circular part includes protrusions, which are smoothly curved, and first detachable protrusions formed at a position perpendicular to the protrusions, a deformation member to deform a shape of the circular part, and a component inserted into the inner cap and the circular part and having a first detachable groove circumferentially formed at a lower portion of an outer-diameter surface of a coupling part formed on the component. The cap opens/closes the vessel by fixedly attaching the component to the cap disassembled from the vessel or separating the component from the cap.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for preparing bisphenol A. In the present invention, all or some of a mother liquid stream is circulated to a flash rector through a bypass line after crystallization in a process of preparing bisphenol A so as to increase a conversion rate of bisphenol A in a reactor, reduce energy, and use a heating source of phenol to be discharged to an upper side of the flash reactor, and thus the reaction efficiency of the whole process can be increased.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a viewing angle control layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A first polarizer is disposed on a lower surface of the first substrate and includes a first polarizing layer and a second polarizing layer stacked on each other. A second polarizer is disposed on an upper surface of the second substrate. A viewing angle control layer is disposed on the first polarizer and is configured to control a viewing angle of a column direction of the display panel.

Abstract: Provided is a cap structure for a vessel, which is coupled with the vessel to open/close the vessel. The cap includes an inner cap coupled with an upper end portion of the vessel, an outer cap fitted around an outer diameter of the inner cap, a circular part inserted into the mounting part, in which the circular part includes protrusions, which are smoothly curved, and first detachable protrusions formed at a position perpendicular to the protrusions, a deformation member to deform a shape of the circular part, and a component inserted into the inner cap and the circular part and having a first detachable groove circumferentially formed at a lower portion of an outer-diameter surface of a coupling part formed on the component. The cap opens/closes the vessel by fixedly attaching the component to the cap disassembled from the vessel or separating the component from the cap.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate; a common electrode disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate; a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate, and including a first additive; a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate, and including a second additive; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein each of the first additive and the second additive contains different compounds from each other and represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and wherein a molecular weight of the second additive is greater than that of the first additive: P-Q-R-S-R-Q-P??[Chemical Formula 1] wherein P, Q, R, and S are the same as described in the detailed description section of the present specification.

Abstract: Provided are a method of and a device for purifying isopropyl alcohol. Water may be effectively removed from a feed including water and isopropyl alcohol while consuming a minimum amount of energy, and therefore, a high-purity isopropyl alcohol may be obtained.

Abstract: Provided are a method of and a device for purifying isopropyl alcohol. Water may be effectively removed from a feed including water and isopropyl alcohol while consuming a minimum amount of energy, and therefore high-purity isopropyl alcohol may be obtained.

Abstract: Provided are a method of and a device for purifying isopropyl alcohol. Water may be effectively removed from a feed including water and isopropyl alcohol by consumption of the minimum amount of energy, and therefore, a high purity isopropyl alcohol may be obtained.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for preparing bisphenol A. In the present invention, all or some of a mother liquid stream is circulated to a flash rector through a bypass line after crystallization in a process of preparing bisphenol A so as to increase a conversion rate of bisphenol A in a reactor, reduce energy, and use a heating source of phenol to be discharged to an upper side of the flash reactor, and thus the reaction efficiency of the whole process can be increased.