Abstract: An imaging apparatus an image sensor which generates a reference image data of a reference area that includes a measuring area in which a display panel is positioned and an image processor which determines the measuring area by analyzing luminance of the reference image data and generates a crop image data that includes a measuring image data of the measuring area.

Abstract: There are provided a method, apparatus, system, and computer-readable recording medium for image compression. An encoding apparatus performs domain transformation and quantization on feature map information and image information. The encoding apparatus rearranges the result of domain transformation and quantization so as to have a form advantageous to the encoding procedure and encodes the result of rearrangement, thereby generating a bitstream. A decoding apparatus receives the bitstream, decodes the received bitstream, and performs inverse transformation, dequantization, and inverse rearrangement using information transmitted through the bitstream. The result of inverse transformation, dequantization, and inverse rearrangement is used for the machine-learning task of a neural network.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for image encoding/decoding. An intra-prediction mode for the target block is derived, and intra-prediction for the target block that uses the derived intra-prediction mode is performed. The intra-prediction mode for the target block is derived using an artificial neural network, and an MPM list for the target block is derived using information about the target block, pieces of information about blocks adjacent to the target block, and the artificial neural network. The artificial neural network outputs one or more available intra-prediction modes. Further, the artificial neural network outputs match probabilities for one or more candidate intra-prediction modes, and each of the match probabilities for the candidate intra-prediction modes indicates a probability that the corresponding candidate intra-prediction mode matches the intra-prediction mode for the target block.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus, method, system, and recording medium for performing selective encoding/decoding on feature information. An encoding apparatus generates residual feature information. The encoding apparatus transmits the residual feature information to a decoding apparatus through a residual feature map bitstream. The residual feature information is the difference between feature information extracted from an original image and feature information extracted from a reconstructed image. Feature information of the reconstructed image is generated using the reconstructed image. Reconstructed feature information is generated using the feature information of the reconstructed image and reconstructed residual feature information.

Abstract: A driving information display apparatus may include a processor configured to display driving information depending on a speed limit of a road in augmented reality; and a storage configured to store data and algorithms driven by the processor, wherein the processor is configured to adjust a display form of a display object depending on at least one of a remaining distance to an enforcement point depending on the speed limit of the road, a speeding degree compared to the speed limit, and a speeding degree compared to a user-set speed to display the display object, and the driving information display apparatus is disposed within a vehicle or outside the vehicle, and when disposed outside the vehicle, transmits the driving information to the vehicle or a mobile device.

Abstract: An information display apparatus may include a processor configured to display a display object in augmented reality; and a storage configured to store data and algorithms driven by the processor, wherein the processor determines a position of the display object by use of at least one of a total number of lanes or a number of lanes in a road in a driving direction of a host vehicle, possible traveling direction information for each lane, and driving direction information related to the host vehicle, and the information display apparatus is disposed within a vehicle or outside the vehicle, and when disposed outside the vehicle, is configured to transmit display information related to the display object to the vehicle or a mobile device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting element and, more specifically, to a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting element that can enhance the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting element by optimizing a stack structure that can maximize scattering efficiency, and an organic light emitting element comprising the same.

Abstract: A display device includes a first display panel including a light emitting element; a light condensing element at a side portion of the first display panel; a light guide plate below the first display panel; The light condensing element transmits external light to the light guide plate.

Abstract: Provided are a hydrogel composition with high viscoelasticity and a bioink composition including the hydrogel composition. The hydrogel composition according to an embodiment is composed of natural biocompatible substances and thus is not toxic, but has high viscosity, resulting in high mechanical stability or long persistence. Thus, the hydrogel composition may be usefully utilized as a bioink composition for bioprinting, a support in tissue engineering, or a soft tissue filler.

Abstract: Provided are L-glufosinate intermediate preparation method or L-glufosinate preparation method, the method, for preparing L-glufosinate intermediate or L-glufosinate from an L-homoserine derivative, comprising a step of preparing a compound of Chemical Formula 2 from a compound of Chemical Formula 1.

Abstract: A controller configured to control memory chips in communication with the controller is provided. The controller comprises: a host interface configured to receive a request from a host; an address mapper configured to, upon receipt of both a turbo write request for writing data to one or more high-speed storage blocks at a high speed to and a normal write request for writing data to one or more storage blocks at a lower speed, allocate a first plane including a memory block configured to perform write operations in a single level cell mode at the high speed to a first plane group in order to respond to the turbo write request, and allocate a second plane to a second plane group at the slower speed in order to respond to the normal write request; and a memory interface configured to control the memory chips.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for measuring video quality based on a perceptually sensitive region. The quality of video may be measured based on a perceptually sensitive region and a change in the perceptually sensitive region. The perceptually sensitive region includes a spatial perceptually sensitive region, a temporal perceptually sensitive region, and a spatio-temporal perceptually sensitive region. Perceptual weights are applied to a detected perceptually sensitive region and a change in the detected perceptually sensitive region. Distortion is calculated based on the perceptually sensitive region and the change in the perceptually sensitive region, and a result of quality measurement for a video is generated based on the calculated distortion.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a controller and a method of operating the controller. The controller may include a central processing unit configured to generate a command, manage a logical address using a notation system, a radix of which is greater than that of a binary notation system, and output the command and the logical address, and a flash interface layer configured to queue the command depending on workloads of dies, translate the logical address into a physical address, and output the command and the physical address through a selected channel.

Abstract: Provided are a feed additive composition for cattle including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (NALT) as an active ingredient, and more particularly, a feed additive composition including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan as an active ingredient for reducing temperature stress of cattle, increasing average daily gain of cattle, and increasing feed intake of cattle; a feed including the feed additive composition for cattle; and methods of reducing temperature stress of cattle, increasing average daily gain of cattle, and increasing feed intake of cattle, the methods including feeding the cattle with the feed additive composition or feed for cattle including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A data processing system comprising: a host; and a memory system comprising a nonvolatile memory device and a controller suitable for controlling the nonvolatile memory device, wherein the controller comprises: a first reset circuitry suitable for loading firmware from the nonvolatile memory device to a volatile memory, and setting a reset default status; a second reset circuitry suitable for determining whether a reason for a reset request coincides with the reset default status, when the reset request is received from the host, and resetting the memory system; and a firmware load determination circuitry suitable for determining whether to reload the firmware by checking the reset default status.

Abstract: Provided are a feed additive composition for dairy cattle including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (NALT), and more particularly, a feed additive composition including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan as an active ingredient for increasing feed intake of dairy cattle, increasing weight of calves born from dairy cattle, increasing milk yield of dairy cattle, increasing milk protein yield of dairy cattle, and enhancing immunity of calves born from dairy cattle; a feed including the feed additive composition for dairy cattle; and methods of increasing feed intake of dairy cattle, increasing weight of calves born from dairy cattle, increasing milk yield of dairy cattle, increasing milk protein yield of dairy cattle, enhancing immunity of calves born from dairy cattle, and breeding dairy cattle, the methods including feeding the dairy cattle with the feed additive composition or feed for dairy cattle including N-acetyl-L-tryptophan as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing an N-acetyl dipeptide and an N-acetyl amino acid, the method including producing the N-acetyl dipeptide and the N-acetyl amino acid by reaction of an amino acid with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

Abstract: A memory system and an operating method thereof are disclosed. An operating method of a memory system including a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device includes the controller updating original data of firmware stored in the nonvolatile memory device, the controller transmitting a notification signal, which notifies a host device of completion of the updating of the original data, to the host device when the updating of the original data is completed, and the controller updating backup data of the firmware stored in the nonvolatile memory device after the notification signal is transmitted.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a server apparatus, a client apparatus, and a method for communication based on network address mutation. The method for communication based on network address mutation, performed by the server apparatus and the client apparatus, includes setting the external address of a network interface for receiving a packet from the client apparatus; setting the internal address of a hidden interface in order to forward the packet received through the network interface to the hidden interface; modifying the external address based on a preset network address mutation rule; and communicating with the client apparatus by forwarding the packet, received from the client apparatus based on the modified external address, to the hidden interface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for video decoding and a method and apparatus for video encoding. A prediction block for a target block is generated by predicting the target block using a prediction network, and a reconstructed block for the target block is generated based on the prediction block and a reconstructed residual block. The prediction network includes an intra-prediction network and an inter-prediction network and uses a spatial reference block and/or a temporal reference block when it performs prediction. For learning in the prediction network, a loss function is defined, and learning in the prediction network is performed based on the loss function.