Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electronic control apparatus for a vehicle, and the electronic control apparatus of the present disclosure includes: an electronic control element which includes an electronic control board which electrically controls each part of a vehicle, and a heating element which is positioned on a surface of the electronic control board; a cover and a base which accommodate the electronic control element; and a connector which is coupled to the electronic control element, in which an edge part where the cover and the base come into contact with each other is configured in a multi-step bent shape.

Abstract: Provided are nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as pyrolysis product of fumaronitrile. The carbon quantum dots may be formed in such a manner that nitrogen may be doped in an amount of 3-10 wt % based on the total weight of the carbon quantum dots with no need for a separate doping process. As a result, the carbon quantum dots have excellent properties, such as optical property, electroconductivity and thermal safety, and thus may be useful for photocatalysts or organic solar cells, or the like.

Abstract: Provided are nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as pyrolysis product of fumaronitrile. The carbon quantum dots may be formed in such a manner that nitrogen may be doped in an amount of 3-10 wt % based on the total weight of the carbon quantum dots with no need for a separate doping process. As a result, the carbon quantum dots have excellent properties, such as optical property, electroconductivity and thermal safety, and thus may be useful for photocatalysts or organic solar cells, or the like.

Abstract: An electronic device having a printed circuit board is provided. In one embodiment, the printed circuit board includes a plurality of external pads to be coupled with an external device and a plurality of bypass pads for testing an electric circuit. The external pads are exposed and at least one of the plurality of bypass pads are not exposed from an outer surface of the PCB. A system using the electronic device and a method of testing an electronic device are also provided.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a first switching element, an organic layer disposed on the first switching element, a capping layer disposed on the organic layer and a cover electrode covering the first emission hole. The first switching element is electrically connected to a gate line extending in a first direction, a data line extending in a second direction crossing the first direction and the pixel electrode disposed adjacent to the data line. The capping layer includes a first emission hole. The cover electrode overlaps the gate line as a first width. The cover electrode overlaps the first switching element as a second width. The second width is smaller than the first width.

Abstract: An electronic device having a printed circuit board is provided. In one embodiment, the printed circuit board includes a plurality of external pads to be coupled with an external device and a plurality of bypass pads for testing an electric circuit. The external pads are exposed and at least one of the plurality of bypass pads are not exposed from an outer surface of the PCB. A system using the electronic device and a method of testing an electronic device are also provided.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus for preventing or reducing light leakage and an image sensor thereof are provided. The photographing apparatus includes an image sensor configured to include a plurality of pixels respectively having a Photo Diode and a Storage Diode for temporarily storing a charge accumulated in the Photo Diode and an image processor configured to perform an image processing operation by receiving the charge stored in the Storage Diode of each of the plurality of pixels. In addition, the image sensor has a structure where the Storage Diodes of the plurality of pixels are arrayed to be adjacent to each other. Accordingly, the photographing apparatus may prevent the light leakage from the adjacent pixel being flowed into a Storage Diode of each pixel.

Abstract: A system and method using weight estimation of a hybrid bus can estimate in real-time the entire weight of the hybrid bus according to the number of passengers using a transportation card reader in the hybrid bus, select a power distribution map and a transmission map according to the estimated entire weight of the hybrid bus, control a power split ratio of an engine and a motor by the selected map, and determine a transmission gear stage.

Abstract: An electronic device having a printed circuit board is provided. In one embodiment, the printed circuit board includes a plurality of external pads to be coupled with an external device and a plurality of bypass pads for testing an electric circuit. The external pads are exposed and at least one of the plurality of bypass pads are not exposed from an outer surface of the PCB. A system using the electronic device and a method of testing an electronic device are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of forming integrated circuits and multiple CD SADP processes are provided that include providing a patternable structure including a first hard mask layer and a first patternable layer underlying the first hard mask layer. Mandrels are provided over the first hard mask layer. Sidewall spacers are formed adjacent sidewalls of the mandrels. The mandrels are removed, with the sidewall spacers remaining and defining gaps therebetween. The first hard mask layer is etched through the gaps to form a first patterned hard mask feature and a second patterned hard mask feature. A critical dimension of the first patterned hard mask feature is selectively modified to form a biased hard mask feature. A space is defined between sidewalls of the biased hard mask feature and the second patterned hard mask feature. The first patternable layer is etched through exposed material in the space.

Abstract: An photographing apparatus includes: an image sensor that includes a plurality of pixels and is configured to perform a first readout on charges stored in a group of pixels among the plurality of pixels at a first readout time and perform a second readout on charges stored in the plurality of pixels, including the group of pixels, at a second readout time; and an image processor configured to detect a pixel in which a light leakage has occurred of among the plurality of pixels based on at least one of a value the first readout charges and a value of the second read out charges, and perform a correction on the detected pixel to generate an image.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pressure compensation device for securing the air permeability of the electronic control unit (ECU) of a vehicle. A pressure compensation device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a vent unit integrated with a connector on a part of an ECU on which an electronic control element is mounted, wherein a vent hole penetrating the inside and outside of the case of the ECU in which the electronic control element is received is formed in the vent unit and a cover unit integrated with a vehicle-side connector in such a way as to form electrical connection with the ECU and configured to form a protection wall by covering part of the upper side of the vent unit when the ECU-side connector and the vehicle-side connector are coupled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic control device which is an electronic control device such as an engine ECU for a vehicle and has a tight sealing structure between a case and a connector. The present invention provides an electronic control device for a vehicle, which implements a new type of sealing manner in which a space to be filled with a sealing material is formed between a case side dam and a connector side dam when a case and a connector of the electronic control device are assembled, and the sealing material is applied in the space, which is formed as described above, such that airtightness for an assembly region between the case and the connector is maintained, thereby securing sufficient sealing areas because of enlarged sealing sections, and achieving stable sealing quality and improving quality.

Abstract: A multi-step exposure method using an electronic shutter and a photography apparatus using the same are provided. The photography apparatus includes an image sensor, and a control unit which divides an area of the image into a first area and a second area using brightness information of the acquired image, and controls so that a first row group and a second row group of the second area have different exposure times. As a result, an image with a wider dynamic range is provided.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus includes a detection unit for detecting light exposure error resulting from a difference in a moving characteristic between a mechanical rear curtain and an electronic front curtain using data of some area constituting an image sensor, a signal generating unit for generating a reset signal of the image sensor, and a control unit for controlling to correct a moving characteristic of the electronic front curtain using the detected light exposure error and generate a reset signal of the image sensor according to the corrected moving characteristic. Accordingly, a moving characteristic of an electronic front curtain may be conveniently corrected by a user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-efficiency organic photovoltaic cell using surface plasmon effect of an induced dipole polymer-metal nanoparticle hybrid and a method for fabricating the same. More particularly, it relates to a high-efficiency organic photovoltaic cell whose photoelectric efficiency is maximized by depositing an induced dipole polymer-metal nanoparticle hybrid in or on a hole injection layer, thereby enhancing surface plasmonic properties, and a method for fabricating the same.

Abstract: In a display panel and a method of manufacturing the same, the display panel includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate and a sealing member. The first display substrate includes a first alignment layer in a first display region and a first peripheral region of a first base substrate, and a first backflow-blocking pattern in the first peripheral region and having a curvature to surround a vertex portion of the first display region. The second display substrate includes a second alignment layer in a second display region which faces the first display region and a second peripheral region of a second base substrate. The sealing member includes a corner portion having substantially the same curvature as the first backflow-blocking pattern to surround an outline of the first and second peripheral regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an ischemic serum for promoting the activation of a stem cell, to a method for promoting the activation of a stem cell and to a stem cell, the activation of which is promoted by the composition or the method. The ischemic serum according to the present invention may stimulate the stem cell to facilitate the secretion of a growth factor, improve survival rate, improve mobility to an injured part, improve proliferation rate and maintain characteristics of the stem cell, thus promoting an activation of the stem cell such that the stem cell becomes suitable for transplantation of the stem cell to a patient having a brain injury.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electronic control apparatus for a vehicle and provides an electronic control apparatus for a vehicle using a radiation board in which a radiation plate having a slide fixing structure (for example, “U” shaped) is attached onto a portion opposite to a portion which requires the radiation in a printed circuit board (PCB) and if additional radiation performance is required, a slidable radiation board which is detachable is attached/detached to directly emit heat to the atmosphere through the radiation plate and the radiation board to the atmosphere, thereby improving a radiation effect and to implement a standard platform of the radiation structure and implement an optimal radiation structure through a slidable radiation board and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: An electronic device having a printed circuit board is provided. In one embodiment, the printed circuit board includes a plurality of external pads to be coupled with an external device and a plurality of bypass pads for testing an electric circuit. The external pads are exposed and at least one of the plurality of bypass pads are not exposed from an outer surface of the PCB. A system using the electronic device and a method of testing an electronic device are also provided.