Abstract: The invention relates to a control method having at least two control loops for a scanning microscope provided with a microlever and an actuator suitable for energizing the microlever, in which a first loop maintains as a controlled variable the oscillation amplitude of the microlever and as a manipulated variable the amplitude of the electric signal supplied to the actuator, and a second loop uses as a controlled variable the amplitude of the aforementioned electric signal and as a manipulated variable the tip-sample distance. Said procedure makes it possible to ignore changes of sign in the tip-sample interaction.

Abstract: Devices are provided that allow helicopters and Transport Aircrafts to carry or lift liquid compounds to fumigate, spray or a single massive drop for purposes such as irrigation, fumigation, chemical treatment and fire control with no modification to the aircrafts and no power or direct electromechanical assistance from the aircraft, thus preserving the original integrity and applications of the aircraft.

Abstract: A welded rotor, a steam turbine having a welded rotor, and a method of producing a welded rotor are disclosed. The welded rotor includes a high pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. The high pressure section includes a high temperature material section joined to a low temperature material section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control method having at least two control loops for a scanning microscope provided with a microlever and an actuator suitable for energizing the microlever, in which a first loop maintains as a controlled variable the oscillation amplitude of the microlever and as a manipulated variable the amplitude of the electric signal supplied to the actuator, and a second loop uses as a controlled variable the amplitude of the aforementioned electric signal and as a manipulated variable the tip-sample distance. Said procedure makes it possible to ignore changes of sign in the tip-sample interaction.

Abstract: A lathe center can include a boss formed in a cavity of a work end of a work piece, such as a shaft. The boss has a height as measured from an end wall of the cavity. A support recess can be formed in the boss, and by limiting a depth of the support recess to no more than the height of the boss, stress and strain around the cavity during startup and/or operation of the work piece and/or an assembly including the work piece can be reduced.

Abstract: A rotor having a first low temperature material section, a second low temperature material section attached to a first end of the first low temperature material section and a third low temperature material section joined to a first end of the second low temperature material section. The first, second and third temperature material sections are exposed to steam at a pressure less than about 180 bar. A steam turbine and a method for producing a rotor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The method consists of the formation of a layer over a stone substrate to increase its hardness, chemical resistance, wear and scratch resistance, comprising applying on the substrate a coating matrix incorporating an organic material and fillers including inorganic nanoparticles and/or microparticles; chemically binding said matrix to the substrate, by a self-assembly process and/or a binding process by covalent bonding, electrostatic bonding, van der Waals bonding or hydrogen bonds; and finally drying said matrix. The mentioned organic material is selected from organosilanes, organophosphates, polycarboxylic compounds, compounds based on triazine heterocycles and said nanoparticles are nanoparticles of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides of metals or of semimetals.

Abstract: This invention relates to the means that allows helicopters and Transport Aircrafts to carry or lift liquid compounds to fumigate, spray or a single massive drop for the purposes such as irrigation, chemical treatment and fire control with no modification to the aircrafts thus preserving the original integrity and applications of the aircraft.

Abstract: A welded rotor, a steam turbine having a welded rotor, and a method of producing a welded rotor are disclosed. The welded rotor includes a high pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. The high pressure section includes a high temperature material section joined to a low temperature material section.

Abstract: A welded rotor, a steam turbine having a welded rotor, and a method of producing a welded rotor are disclosed. The welded rotor includes a high pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. Either or both the high pressure section and/or the intermediate pressure section includes a high temperature material section joined to a low temperature material section.

Abstract: A welded rotor, a steam turbine having a welded rotor, and a method of producing a welded rotor are disclosed. The welded rotor includes a high pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. The welded rotor includes a shaft having a high temperature material section joined to a first and second low temperature material sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a culture medium for the detection of Clostridium perfringens. The invention consists in: dissolving protease peptone, microbiological peptone, yeast extract, sodium bisulphite and ferric ammonium citrate in deonized water; sterilising said solution at 121° C. for 15 minutes and cooling same; and, subsequently, adding cycloserine and disodic salt of 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate, dissolved in deionized water and sterilised by means of filtration. The inventive culture medium is distributed into 150 ml nominal capacity bottles, at a proportion of 50 ml, for refrigerated storage and use within 15 days of the preparation date. The invention is suitable for use in the detection of Clostridium perfringens in water following the inoculation of a 100 ml sample in a bottle containing 50 ml of medium and incubation at 45° C. for between 18 and 20 hours in aerobic conditions.

Abstract: A food supportive device (20) for use in microwave heating or cooking of food (10) including a plurality of food contact areas (21) elevated from and substantially integral to a foundation (28) that enables the support of food directly placed on the contact areas, wherein spaces are formed between the elevated food contact areas (21) and the foundation (28) enable the venting or escape of moisture from the food to prevent the food from going soggy.

Abstract: Utilization of gelatine in the form of sheets as support for images and the transfer thereof to surfaces or to tridimensional bodies through humidification of the sheet and, in certain cases, further subjecting said sheet to heat at a temperature comprised between 35° and 45° approximately. The surface on which the image contained in the gelatine sheet is applied can be a die-cut laminar material, with the possibility of separating each individual element from said die-cut material so that each individual element contains the corresponding image portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for allowing air to circulate around food being heated in a microwave oven serves to expose a substantial surface area of the bottom of the food to the air circulating in the microwave oven under the control of the microwave oven fan. The apparatus has a base (25) which, in use, is normally supported on a rotating turntable of the microwave oven and rotates with the turntable. The apparatus also has a plurality of spaced apart support structures (29) or raised legs which extend upwardly from the base (25) and support the food in spaced relation thereto so that air may circulate in the space between the bottom of the food and the base (25). Slots (28) passing through the base may be present and these will allow air to flow from beneath the base (25) to the space around the support structures (29). Additionally, the apparatus may include air flow directional structures (27) which extend downwardly from the base (25) and can be supported on the turntable.