Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal-ceramic substrate (1) includes providing a ceramic layer (10), a metal layer (20) and a solder layer (30) coating the ceramic layer (10) and/or the metal layer (20) and/or the solder layer (30) with an active metal layer (40), arranging the solder layer (30) between the ceramic layer (10) and the metal layer (20) along a stacking direction (S), forming a solder system (35) comprising the solder layer and the active metal layer (40), wherein a solder material of the solder layer (30) is free of a melting point lowering material and bonding the metal layer (20) to the ceramic layer (10) via the solder system (35) by means of an active solder process.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for assessing the presence or absence of a therapeutic concentration of a deuterated docosahexaenoic acid during treatment of a patient with a retinal or neuronal oxidative disease.

Abstract: An approach for monitoring a data transmission system that uses a data transmission means such as a vehicle bus or a vehicle network of a motor vehicle. This system includes a monitoring device that transmits a request message to a transmitting device and to a receiving device. The transmitting device generates a particular transmitter response on the basis of the request message, where the transmitter response is transmitted to the monitoring device. The receiving device generates a particular receiver response on the basis of the request message, where the receiver response is transmitted to the monitoring device. The monitoring device receives the transmitter response and the receiver response and checks compliance with a trigger condition which depends on the transmitter response and the receiver response, the compliance of which indicates an event relevant to monitoring.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for assessing the presence or absence of a therapeutic concentration of a deuterated docosahexaenoic acid during treatment of a patient with a retinal oxidative disease.

Abstract: A method monitors data traffic between control devices of a motor vehicle. In the method, at least one data pattern of a packet type and/or data content to be monitored and/or detected is stored in an associative memory such that in response to input data, which contains the respective data pattern, an associated hit signal is generated by the associative memory, and a network processor reads out detection data from received data packets in predetermined monitoring positions and forms input data for the associative memory therefrom. The network processor examines whether a hit signal results by inputting the input data into the associative memory, and a microprocessor recognizes based on transmission schedule data, which describes an intended transmission scheme of the control devices, by a predetermined comparison routine whether the hit signals deviate from the transmission scheme.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a data network in a motor vehicle is provided, wherein a switch device is operated in the data network, in which physical ports for receiving and for transmitting data packets are interconnected via a switch circuit. A network processor reads out detection data in monitoring positions of the data packets and forms pseudo target determination data for an associative memory therefrom, which actually is to process target determination data for a target port determination, and it is examined if certain action data results, which signalizes a necessity of a detection action, by inputting the pseudo target determination data into the associative memory.

Abstract: A support substrate (1), in particular a metal-ceramic substrate, as a support for electric components, comprising: —at least one metal layer (10) and—an insulating element (30), in particular a ceramic element, a glass element, a glass ceramic element, and/or a high temperature-resistant plastic element. The at least one metal layer (10) and the insulating element (30) extend along a main extension plane (HSE) and are arranged one over the other in a stacking direction (S) running perpendicularly to the main extension plane (HSE), wherein in a completed support substrate (1), a binding layer (12) is formed between the at least one metal layer (10) and the insulating element (30), and an adhesive layer (13) of the binding layer (12) has a surface resistance which is greater than 5 Ohm/sq.

Abstract: Method The present disclosure relates to a method for configuring a network in a motor vehicle having at least a first switch and a second switch. The method provides, based on a common syntax, a first piece of configuration information for the first switch and a second piece of configuration information for the second switch. The method converts, by a respective processing module, the first piece of configuration information into a first piece of control information and the second piece of configuration information into a second piece of control information , wherein a syntax of the first piece of control information differs from a syntax of the second piece of control information. The method controls the first switch according to the first piece of control information and the second switch according to the second piece of control information.

Abstract: A method for making a via (3) in a carrier layer (1) made of a ceramic comprising: providing the carrier layer (1), realizing a passage recess (2) in the carrier layer (1), at least partially filling the passage recess (2) with a paste (3), and performing a bonding process, in particular an active soldering process or a DCB process, for bonding a metallization (5) to the carrier layer (1), the via (3?) being realized from the paste (3) in the passage recess (2) when the bonding process is performed.

Abstract: An electronics module (100), especially a power electronics module, comprising a metal-ceramic substrate (1) serving as a carrier and having a ceramic element (10) and a primary component metallization (21), an insulation layer (40) directly or indirectly connected to the primary component metallization (21), and a secondary component metallization (22) which is connected to the side of the insulation layer (40) facing away from the metal-ceramic substrate (1) and is especially isolated from the primary component metallization (21) using the insulation layer (40), wherein the ceramic element (10) has a first size (L1, D1) and the insulation layer (40) has a second size (L2, D2) and a ratio of the second size (L2, D2) to the first size (L1, D1) has a value smaller than 0.8, to form an island-like insulation layer (40) on the primary component metallization (21).

Abstract: A solder material (30) for bonding a metal layer (20) to a ceramic layer (10), in particular for forming a metal-ceramic substrate as a carrier for electrical components, comprising: a base material and an active metal, wherein the solder material (30) is a foil comprising the base material in a first layer (31) and the active metal in a second layer (32), and wherein the foil has a total thickness (GD) which is less than 50 ?m, preferably less than 25 ?m and particularly preferably less than 15 ?m.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal-ceramic substrate (1) includes providing a ceramic layer (10), a metal layer (20) and a solder layer (30) coating the ceramic layer (10) and/or the metal layer (20) and/or the solder layer (30) with an active metal layer (40), arranging the solder layer (30) between the ceramic layer (10) and the metal layer (20) along a stacking direction (S), forming a solder system (35) comprising the solder layer and the active metal layer (40), wherein a solder material of the solder layer (30) is free of a melting point lowering material and bonding the metal layer (20) to the ceramic layer (10) via the solder system (35) by means of an active solder process.

Abstract: Some aspects of the invention provide for a method of treating Wet and/or Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Diabetic Retinopathy, cataracts, and/or Stargardt Disease using polyunsaturated fatty acids which are modified in certain positions to attenuate oxidative damage by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and/or suppress the rate of formation of reactive products and toxic compounds.

Abstract: Electronic module (1) including an encapsulation (20), a carrier substrate (10) enclosed by the encapsulation (20) and having a component side (25) which has a first metallization layer (15) and on which at least one first electronic component (30) is arranged, wherein at least one second metallization layer (35) for at least one second electronic component (31), in particular for controlling the first electronic component (30), is provided on an outer side (A) of the encapsulation (2), wherein the encapsulation (20) has at least one plated-through hole (5) for electrical connection, in particular for direct electrical connection, of the first electronic component (30) and the second electronic component (31).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a motor vehicle having a data network via multiple control devices of the motor vehicle for exchanging message data (that are coupled together, wherein the data network is subdivided into different domains and via each of the domains respectively some of the control devices are coupled to the data network and in each domain respectively other of the control devices are included and the exchange of message data is blocked between the control devices of different domains or permitted only as a function of an authorization check of at least one domain transition is provided. The disclosure provides that the data network also includes an overall domain and each of the control devices is also coupled via the overall domain to the data network.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a work apparatus having a combustion engine. An ignition device is provided for triggering an ignition spark at a spark plug for igniting a fuel/air mixture in a combustion chamber of the combustion engine. The combustion chamber is bounded by a piston which drives a crankshaft in a rotating manner. In order to avoid the combustion engine stopping in rich mode, the speed (n) of the combustion engine is monitored over the period of time (t, ?T) and the ignition point (ZZP) of the ignition device is advanced if the speed (n) of the combustion engine lies within a predefined speed range (nmin; nmax) within a predefined period of time (t, ?T) and then the speed n drops below a speed limit value (nG).

Abstract: An approach for monitoring a data transmission system that uses a data transmission means such as a vehicle bus or a vehicle network of a motor vehicle. This system includes a monitoring device that transmits a request message to a transmitting device and to a receiving device. The transmitting device generates a particular transmitter response on the basis of the request message, where the transmitter response is transmitted to the monitoring device. The receiving device generates a particular receiver response on the basis of the request message, where the receiver response is transmitted to the monitoring device. The monitoring device receives the transmitter response and the receiver response and checks compliance with a trigger condition which depends on the transmitter response and the receiver response, the compliance of which indicates an event relevant to monitoring.

Abstract: A substrate (1, 10) for electrical circuits, comprising at least one metal layer (2,3, 14) and a paper ceramic layer (11), which is joined face to face with the at least one metal layer (2,3, 14) and has a top side and bottom side (11a, 11b), wherein the paper ceramic layer (11) has a large number of cavities in the form of pores. Especially advantageously, the at least one metal layer (2, 3, 14) is connected to the paper ceramic layer (11) by means of at least one glue layer (6, 6a, 6b), which is produced by applying at least one glue (6a?, 6a?, 6b?, 6b?) to the metal layer (2,3, 14) and/or to the paper ceramic layer (11), wherein the cavities in the form of pores in the paper ceramic layer (11) are filled at least at the surface by means of the applied glue (6a?, 6a?, 6b?,6b?).

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate (1) for electrical circuits comprising at least one first composite layer (2) which is produced by means of roll cladding and, after said roll cladding, has at least one copper layer (3) and an aluminium layer (4) attached thereon, wherein at least the surface side of the aluminium layer (4) facing away from the copper layer (3) is anodized for the generation of an anodic or insulating layer (5) made of aluminium oxide, and wherein the anodic or insulating layer (5) made of aluminium oxide is connected to a metal layer (7) or at least one second composite layer (2?) or at least one paper-ceramic layer (11) via at least one adhesive layer (6, 6?).

Abstract: In a motor vehicle, messages from control units arrive at input ports of a switch apparatus with each message indicating a destination address and a priority level. Each input port of the switch apparatus receives at most messages with a predetermined maximum data volume overall, for one priority level or for some or all of the priority levels, during each predetermined unit of time. The received messages are assigned to output port(s) based on their destination address and the messages assigned to each output port are sent onward. This guarantees time limits for the respective transmission period.