Abstract: A first demultiplexer and a second demultiplexer receive and demultiplex STM-64 data to generate parallel data. A FEC frame generating encoder carries out error correction encoding operation in a column direction of the parallel data that constitutes a matrix, adds a resulting error correcting code to the parallel data, carries out error correction encoding operation in a row direction of the parallel data, and further adds a resulting error-correcting code to the parallel data. A first multiplexer and a second multiplexer multiplex the error-correction-encoded parallel data, and output the data as a FEC frame.

Abstract: A parallel precoder circuit executes a differential encoding operation on an n-row parallel input information series, and outputs an n-row parallel output information series, where 2?n. Output sets of differential encoding operation circuits each of which having a largest column number from among differential encoding operation circuits disposed in first row to (n?1)th row become first-row to (n?1)th-row parallel outputs information series, and an output set of an nth-row delay circuit becomes nth-row parallel output information series.

Abstract: A parallel precoder circuit executes an EXOR operation on an n-row parallel input, and outputs an n-row parallel output, where 2?n. Outputs of EXOR circuits each of which having a largest column number from among EXOR circuits disposed in first to (n?1)th rows become first-row to (n?1)th-row parallel outputs, respectively. A output of an nth-row delay circuit becomes an nth-row parallel output.

Abstract: An optical signal receiving equipment including an optical-electrical converter configured to convert optical signals into electronic signals; first deciders configured to transform the electronic signals into first binary signals; a second decider configured to transform the electronic signals into a second binary signal; a decision encoder configured to compute identification signals based on the plurality of first binary signals, and to compute reliability information of the computed identification signals; a converter configured to combine the identification signals and the second binary signal to combined identification signals; and a controller configured to execute an initial identification of the electronic signals in any one of the plurality of first deciders by using an initial threshold level in the plurality of first deciders, to measure an average amplitude of the electronic signals, and to correct the threshold level of the plurality of first deciders based on a variation of the average amplitud

Abstract: An error correction coding apparatus divides transmission information sequences in n subframes (n is an arbitrary natural number) into n1 subframes (n1 is a natural number<n) and n2 subframes (n2 is a natural number which satisfies n1+n2=n), block-codes the n1 subframes for every m1 subframes (m1 is a factor of n1) so as to generate a first error correction code, and block-codes the n2 subframes for every m2 subframes (m2 is a factor of n2) so as to generate a second error correction code.

Abstract: A multiplexer includes an encoder. The encoder includes: flip-flop circuits that output two signals having a transmission rate of B/2 at a frequency of B/2, while holding signals of each signal; an adder that adds the respective signals output from the flip-flop circuits and outputs the added signal; and a delay unit that delays the signal output from the flip-flop circuit by the time of 1/B, with respect to the signal output from the flip-flop circuit, and outputs the signal delayed to the adder.

Abstract: An optical receiver includes a soft-decision deciding unit (7) for deciding an electric received signal according to a plurality of decision levels to output a multivalued decision signal, a demultiplexing unit (5) for serial-to-parallel converting the multivalued decision signal to output a multivalued parallel signal, a soft-decision error correction decoding unit (8) for correcting the multivalued parallel signal based on reliability information to output an error-corrected parallel received signal and decision results indicating the decision of the electric received signal according to the plurality of decision levels, a probability density distribution estimation unit (9) for estimating probability density distributions based on distributions of the decision results, and a decision level control unit (10) for controlling the plurality of decision levels based on the probability density distributions, thereby improving the transmission quality.

Abstract: An optical transceiver 1 comprises first and second pseudo-random pattern generators 23 and 28 for generating a pseudo-random pattern signal, which are placed in a transmitting side path 6 and in a receiving side path 11 of the optical transceiver 1, respectively; first and second pseudo-random pattern detectors 21 and 26 for evaluating an inputted pseudo-random pattern signal, which are placed in the transmitting side path 6 and in the receiving side path 11 of the optical transceiver 1, respectively; a first loopback path 31 that loops back from a multiplexing circuit 3 to a demultiplexing circuit 8; and a second loopback path 32 that loops back from a light-electricity converter 7 to an electricity-light converter 4.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide compounds having potent antitumor activity. The compounds according to the present invention are compounds represented by formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof: wherein X and Z represent CH or N; Y represents O or S; R1, R2, and R3 represent H, alkoxy or the like; R4 represents H; R5, R6, R7, and R8 represent H, halogen, alkoxy or the like; R9 and R10 represent H, alkyl or the like; and R11 represents optionally substituted azolyl.

Abstract: A parallel precoder circuit executes an EXOR operation on an n-row parallel input, and outputs an n-row parallel output, where 2?n. Outputs of EXOR circuits each of which having a largest column number from among EXOR circuits disposed in first to (n?1)th rows become first-row to (n?1)th-row parallel outputs, respectively. A output of an nth-row delay circuit becomes an nth-row parallel output.

Abstract: A parallel precoder circuit executes a differential encoding operation on an n-row parallel input information series, and outputs an n-row parallel output information series, where 2?n. Output sets of differential encoding operation circuits each of which having a largest column number from among differential encoding operation circuits disposed in first row to (n?1)th row become first-row to (n?1)th-row parallel outputs information series, and an output set of an nth-row delay circuit becomes nth-row parallel output information series.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide compounds which have antitumor activity and do not change cytomorphosis. Disclosed are compounds represented by formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds: wherein X and Z each independently represent CH or N; R1 to R3 represent H, substituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkoxy or the like; R4 represents H; R5 to R8 represent H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, nitro, or amino, provided that R5 to R8 do not simultaneously represent H; R9 and R10 represent H, alkyl, or alkylcarbonyl; and R11 represents alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aralkyl.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide compounds which have antitumor activity and do not change cytomorphosis. Disclosed are compounds represented by formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds: wherein X and Z each independently represent CH or N; R1 to R3 represent H, substituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkoxy or the like; R4 represents H; R5 to R8 represent H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, nitro, or amino, provided that R5 to R8 do not simultaneously represent H; R9 and R10 represent H, alkyl, or alkylcarbonyl; and R11 represents alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aralkyl.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide compounds which have inhibitory activity against autophosphorylation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptors. The compounds of the present invention are represented by formula (I) and salt and solvate thereof: wherein X represents CH or N; Z represents O or S; R1, R2, and R3 represent H, optionally substituted alkoxy or the like; R4 represents H; R5, R6, R7, and R8 represent H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl or the like; R9 and R10 represent H, alkyl or the like; and any one of R11 and R12 represents H with the other representing alkyl and R13 represents an optionally substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring or the like, or R11 represents H and R12 and R13 combine together to form a bicyclic carbocyclic ring.

Abstract: The present invention has been made in order to realize an optical signal receiving equipment that can suppress fluctuations in soft decision error correction capabilities in accordance with manufacturing difference in individual deciders or deterioration over time.

Abstract: An FEC multiplexing circuit (2) has a configuration in which a first memory circuit (15) is arranged on the input stage of a first RS encoding circuit (16), a second memory circuit (17) is arranged on the input stage of a second RS encoding circuit (18), error correction encoding is performed by a combination of different data having two directions, and thereafter, error correction codes are multiplexed to generate an FEC frame. On the other hand, an FEC demultiplexing circuit (6) has a configuration in which a third memory circuit (42) is arranged on the output stage of a first RS decoding circuit (41), a fourth memory circuit (44) is arranged on the output stage of a second RS decoding circuit (43), error correction is performed by a combination of different data having two directions, and, thereafter, parallel data read from the fourth memory circuit (44) are multiplexed to reproduce original information data.

Abstract: The data transmission and reception system comprises a data transmitter and a data receiver. The data transmitter generates and transmits a high-speed serial signal through a transmission path and the data receiver receives the serial signal. The data transmitter, when forming the frame for every tributary signal, inserts into the frame a frame bit indicating a boundary of the frame and, after having formed the frame, performs only a bit synchronization with respect to every tributary signal. On the other hand, the data receiver, for a respective tributary signal, stores a data indicated by the tributary signal and, in a timing based on a detection of the frame bit of the tributary signal and a reference frame pulse commonly issued between tributary signals, outputs the stored data to thereby perform the tributary synchronization.

Abstract: A multiplex transmission system of tributary signals multiplexes a plurality of tributary signals after adding to them frame information common to all the tributary signals and identification codes different for the individual tributary signals. This makes it possible to solve a problem of a conventional multiplex system of tributary signals in that the transmission rate is limited because it multiplexes a plurality of tributary signals with adding an SOH (section overhead) to generate an STM-N frame to be transmitted and received, which requires a considerable time.

Abstract: In an FEC frame structuring method, and an FEC multiplexer, the order of information is changed by a first interleaving circuit 32, a first error correction code is generated by an RS (239, 223) coding circuit 33, the order is returned to the original order by a first deinterleaving circuit 34, and a second error correction code is generated by an RS (255, 239) coding means 5. The second error correction code is decoded by an RS (255, 239) decoding circuit 11 to correct errors in the information, the order of information is changed by a second interleaving circuit 35, the first error correction code is decoded by an RS (239, 223) decoding circuit 36 to correct residual errors in the information, and the order is returned to the original order by a second deinterleaving circuit 37.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide compounds having potent antitumor activity. The compounds according to the present invention are compounds represented by formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof: wherein X and Z represent CH or N; Y represents O or S; R1, R2, and R3 represent H, alkoxy or the like; R4 represents H; R5, R6, R7, and R8 represent H, halogen, alkoxy or the like; R9 and R10 represent H, alkyl or the like; and R11 represents optionally substituted azolyl.