Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device, including a laminated body, which includes: at least one support; a first electrode layer on the support; an electrochromic layer on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer disposed to face the first electrode layer; and an electrolyte layer, which fills between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is on the electrochromic layer, the at least one support including a resin substrate, and the laminated body having a desired curve formed by thermoforming.

Abstract: An electrochromic device reversibly and controllably colored and decolored by electricity is provided. The electrochromic device is configured to control at least one of the following functions f1 and f2 based on at least one of an operating environment temperature of the electrochromic device, a continuous elapsed time of a colored state or a decolored state, and an illuminance around the electrochromic device: a function f1 of transiting to a colored state and/or limiting transition to a decolored state; and a function f2 of transiting to a decolored state and/or limiting transition to a colored state.

Abstract: An electrochromic element is provided that includes a first substrate and a second substrate that are arranged to oppose each other, a first transparent electrode that is formed on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a second transparent electrode that is formed on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, and a coloration layer that is arranged between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode. The coloration layer includes an electrochromic material and an electrolyte, and a pattern or a concentration gradient of the electrochromic material is formed in at least a part of the coloration layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic dimming device is provided. The electrochromic dimming device includes an electrochromic element, a color development power source, a color discharge powder source, and a variable resistance. The color development power source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element develops color. The color discharge powder source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element discharges color. The variable resistance is disposed on a first current path without being disposed on a second current path. The first current path is formed from the color development power source through a ground via the electrochromic element, and the second current path is formed from the color discharge power source to the ground via the electrochromic element.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula where X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R1 and R2 are each independently a monovalent substituent; A? and B? are each independently a monovalent anion; and Y is represented by the following general formula (II) or (III): where X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, and X18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including: first substrate; first electrode-layer on the first substrate; electrochromic layer on the first electrode-layer; second substrate facing the first substrate; second electrode-layer formed on surface of the second substrate at side of the first substrate; electrolyte layer formed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode-layer and curable at least with ultraviolet rays; first extraction electrode to electrically connect between the first electrode-layer and power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the first extraction electrode; and second extraction electrode to electrically connect between the second electrode-layer and the power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the second extraction electrode, the region in the first extraction electrode and the region in the second extraction electrode being arranged not to overlap with each other.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device including an electrochromic element including a protrusion on a periphery of the electrochromic element, and a frame holding the electrochromic element, wherein the protrusion includes an electrode pad, and the frame includes a connecting member configured to electrically connect to the electrode pad.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I): General Formula (I) where X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R1 and R2 are each independently a monovalent substituent; A? and B? are each independently a monovalent anion; and Y is represented by the following general formula (II) or (III): General Formula (II) General Formula (III) where X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, and X18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic display device, including: a pair of electrodes facing each other; an electrochromic layer provided to one of the pair of electrodes: and an electrolytic solution layer provided between the electrodes facing each other, wherein the electrochromic display device includes an yttrium-containing metal oxide layer between the electrochromic layer and the electrode to which the electrochromic layer is provided.

Abstract: An electrochromic element includes first and second display electrodes arranged at intervals and opposed to each other, at least one of the first and second display electrodes being transparent; an electrolyte provided between the first and second display electrodes; a first electrochromic layer including at least one of an oxidized electrochromic compound and an oxidized electrochromic composition, and contacting the first display electrode and the electrolyte; a second electrochromic layer including at least one of a reduced electrochromic compound and a reduced electrochromic composition, and contacting the second display electrode and the electrolyte; third and fourth auxiliary electrodes contacting the electrolyte; a reduction layer provided on the third auxiliary electrode and including a reductant of a first material; and an oxidation layer provided on the fourth auxiliary electrode and including an oxidant of a second material. The first and second materials can be oxidized and reduced reversibly.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I), where Ar1 is a pyridinium ring having a structure represented by the following general formula (IIa), (IIb), or (IIc), where Ar2 is a monovalent heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent, but Ar2 is not a pyridinium ring; R1 to R8 are each independently a monovalent group which may have a functional group, where the monovalent group may have a substituent; A is a monovalent group which may have a functional group, where the monovalent group may have a substituent; and B? is a monovalent anion.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device including: a support; a first electrode formed on the support; a second electrode facing the first electrode, where through-holes are formed in the second electrode; an electrochromic layer disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrolyte layer disposed in the space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a second electrolyte layer disposed to communicate with the first electrolyte layer through the through-holes; an inorganic protective layer, which is disposed on a surface of the second electrolyte layer not facing the second electrode, and is configured to shield oxygen and water vapor; and an organic protective layer disposed on a surface of the inorganic protective layer that does not face the second electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic display device, including: a pair of electrodes facing each other; an electrochromic layer provided to one of the pair of electrodes: and an electrolytic solution layer provided between the electrodes facing each other, wherein the electrochromic display device includes an yttrium-containing metal oxide layer between the electrochromic layer and the electrode to which the electrochromic layer is provided.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus including a first support, a first electrode, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second support, a second electrode, a second transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer is provided. The first and second supports have first and second surfaces, respectively, on each of which a plurality of grooves is formed. The grooves on the second surface are facing the grooves on the first surface. The first and second electrodes are disposed at each one of the plurality of grooves of the first and second supports, respectively. The first and second transparent conductive layers are in contact with the first and second surfaces, respectively. The electrochromic layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer is between the electrochromic layer and the second transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic display element, which contains: a display substrate; a display electrode; an electrochromic layer provided in contact with the display electrode; a counter substrate provided to face the display substrate; a counter electrode; a charge retention layer provided in contact with the counter electrode; and an electrolyte layer filling between the display substrate and the counter substrate, wherein the electrochromic layer contains titanium oxide particles, and metal hydroxide is dispersed on surfaces and in inner parts of the titanium oxide particles.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device, including a laminated body, which includes: at least one support; a first electrode layer on the support; an electrochromic layer on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer disposed to face the first electrode layer; and an electrolyte layer, which fills between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is on the electrochromic layer, the at least one support including a resin substrate, and the laminated body having a desired curve formed by thermoforming.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic element, which contains: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an electrolyte provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode contains a polymer product obtained through polymerization of an electrochromic composition where the electrochromic composition contains a radical polymerizable compound containing triarylamine.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I), where Ar1 is a pyridinium ring having a structure represented by the following general formula (IIa), (IIb), or (IIc), where Ar2 is a monovalent heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent, but Ar2 is not a pyridinium ring; R1 to R8 are each independently a monovalent group which may have a functional group, where the monovalent group may have a substituent; A is a monovalent group which may have a functional group, where the monovalent group may have a substituent; and B? is a monovalent anion.

Abstract: An electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I); where X1 to X4 are each a substituent represented by the following general formula (II), an alkyl group that may contain a functional group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group that may contain a functional group, or a hydrogen atom, and at least two selected from X1 to X4 are the substituents represented by the general formula (II); where R1 to R8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent group that may contain a substituent; B is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent group that may contain a functional group; A?is a monovalent anion; and m is any of 0 to 3, and R1 to R8, B, and m may each independently be different when a plurality of the substituents represented by the general formula (II) are present.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including: first substrate; first electrode-layer on the first substrate; electrochromic layer on the first electrode-layer; second substrate facing the first substrate; second electrode-layer formed on surface of the second substrate at side of the first substrate; electrolyte layer formed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode-layer and curable at least with ultraviolet rays; first extraction electrode to electrically connect between the first electrode-layer and power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the first extraction electrode; and second extraction electrode to electrically connect between the second electrode-layer and the power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the second extraction electrode, the region in the first extraction electrode and the region in the second extraction electrode being arranged not to overlap with each other.