Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic display device, including: a pair of electrodes facing each other; an electrochromic layer provided to one of the pair of electrodes: and an electrolytic solution layer provided between the electrodes facing each other, wherein the electrochromic display device includes an yttrium-containing metal oxide layer between the electrochromic layer and the electrode to which the electrochromic layer is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display device including a display substrate, a display electrode provided on the display substrate, a first electrochromic layer provided on the display electrode, an intermediate display electrode provided above the first electrochromic layer separately from the first electrochromic layer, a second electrochromic layer provided on and contacting the intermediate display electrode, an opposed substrate, an opposed electrode provided on the opposed substrate, and an electrolyte solution provided between a surface of the display substrate on which the display electrode is formed and a surface of the opposed substrate on which the opposed electrode is formed, wherein the intermediate display electrode contains a rod-shaped, whisker-shaped, or long-fiber-shaped electrically conductive fine particle, and at least a portion of a space in the electrically conductive fine particle is filled with a material forming the second electrochromic layer.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device including: a support; a first electrode formed on the support; a second electrode facing the first electrode, where through-holes are formed in the second electrode; an electrochromic layer disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrolyte layer disposed in the space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a second electrolyte layer disposed to communicate with the first electrolyte layer through the through-holes; an inorganic protective layer, which is disposed on a surface of the second electrolyte layer not facing the second electrode, and is configured to shield oxygen and water vapor; and an organic protective layer disposed on a surface of the inorganic protective layer that does not face the second electrolyte layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic dimming device is provided. The electrochromic dimming device includes an electrochromic element, a color development power source, a color discharge powder source, and a variable resistance. The color development power source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element develops color. The color discharge powder source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element discharges color. The variable resistance is disposed on a first current path without being disposed on a second current path. The first current path is formed from the color development power source through a ground via the electrochromic element, and the second current path is formed from the color discharge power source to the ground via the electrochromic element.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display element, including a display substrate, a display electrode, an electrochromic layer, an opposed electrode, and an opposed substrate, wherein the electrochromic layer is formed on the display electrode, a liquid crystal composition that includes a low-molecular liquid crystal and an ionic liquid is present between the display electrode and the opposed electrode, and the ionic liquid includes a tetracyanoboric acid ion and/or tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphoric acid ion as an anionic component.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus including a first support, a first electrode, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second support, a second electrode, a second transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer is provided. The first and second supports have first and second surfaces, respectively, on each of which a plurality of grooves is formed. The grooves on the second surface are facing the grooves on the first surface. The first and second electrodes are disposed at each one of the plurality of grooves of the first and second supports, respectively. The first and second transparent conductive layers are in contact with the first and second surfaces, respectively. The electrochromic layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer is between the electrochromic layer and the second transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I); where X1 to X4 are each a substituent represented by the following general formula (II), an alkyl group that may contain a functional group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group that may contain a functional group, or a hydrogen atom, and at least two selected from X1 to X4 are the substituents represented by the general formula (II); where R1 to R8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent group that may contain a substituent; B is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent group that may contain a functional group; A? is a monovalent anion; and m is any of 0 to 3, and R1 to R8, B, and m may each independently be different when a plurality of the substituents represented by the general formula (II) are present.

Abstract: An electrochromic device, which contains: one support; a first electrode layer formed on the support; a second electrode layer provided to face the first electrode layer; an electrochromic layer provided to be in contact with the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer; a solid electrolyte layer containing inorganic particles, which is filled between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is provided to be in contact with the electrochromic layer; and a protective layer provided on the second electrode layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device is provided. The electrochromic display device includes a first substrate; a first electrode formed of a transparent conductive film, overlying the first substrate; a second electrode formed of a transparent conductive film, overlying the first electrode; a white reflective layer, overlying the second electrode; a reflective layer, overlying the white reflective layer; a support substrate, overlying the reflective layer; an electrochromic layer, adjacent to the first electrode or the second electrode; and an electrolyte, present between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display element, including a display substrate, a display electrode, an electrochromic layer, an opposed electrode, and an opposed substrate, wherein the electrochromic layer is formed on the display electrode, a liquid crystal composition that includes a low-molecular liquid crystal and an ionic liquid is present between the display electrode and the opposed electrode, and the ionic liquid includes a tetracyanoboric acid ion and/or tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphoric acid ion as an anionic component.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic display element, which contains: a display substrate; a display electrode; an electrochromic layer provided in contact with the display electrode; a counter substrate provided to face the display substrate; a counter electrode; a charge retention layer provided in contact with the counter electrode; and an electrolyte layer filling between the display substrate and the counter substrate, wherein the electrochromic layer contains titanium oxide particles, and metal hydroxide is dispersed on surfaces and in inner parts of the titanium oxide particles.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I): General Formula (I) where X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R1 and R2 are each independently a monovalent substituent; A? and B? are each independently a monovalent anion; and Y is represented by the following general formula (II) or (III): General Formula (II) General Formula (III) where X9, X10, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, and X18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.

Abstract: An electrochromic device, which contains: one support; a first electrode layer formed on the support; a second electrode layer provided to face the first electrode layer; an electrochromic layer provided to be in contact with the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer; a solid electrolyte layer containing inorganic particles, which is filled between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is provided to be in contact with the electrochromic layer; and a protective layer provided on the second electrode layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display element, including a display substrate, an opposed substrate that is opposed to the display substrate, an opposed electrode being formed at a display-substrate-opposed side of the opposed substrate, a first display electrode and a first electrochromic layer being laminated at an opposed-substrate-opposed side of the display substrate, a single porous film being formed between the display substrate and the opposed substrate, a second display electrode and a second electrochromic layer being laminated at a display-substrate-opposed side of the porous film, a third display electrode and a third electrochromic layer being laminated at an opposed-substrate-opposed side of the porous film, and an electrolyte being present between the display substrate and the opposed substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic device that has a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer provided to oppose the first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer provided between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and an electrolyte filling a predetermined region between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, wherein a through-hole is formed on at least one layer of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and wherein a supporter is provided on only either one side of an outside of the first electrode layer and an outside of the second electrode layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display element, including a display substrate, an opposed substrate that is opposed to the display substrate, an opposed electrode being formed at a display-substrate-opposed side of the opposed substrate, a first display electrode and a first electrochromic layer being laminated at an opposed-substrate-opposed side of the display substrate, a single porous film being formed between the display substrate and the opposed substrate, a second display electrode and a second electrochromic layer being laminated at a display-substrate-opposed side of the porous film, a third display electrode and a third electrochromic layer being laminated at an opposed-substrate-opposed side of the porous film, and an electrolyte being present between the display substrate and the opposed substrate.

Abstract: A solid dye sensitization type solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed on the substrate, an electron transport layer including an electron transport semiconductor and disposed on the first electrode, the electron transport layer including a photosensitizing compound adsorbed on a surface of the electron transport semiconductor, a hole transport layer disposed on the electron transport layer, and a second electrode disposed on the hole transport layer. Each of the first electrode and the second electrode includes divided multiple electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display device including a display substrate, a display electrode provided on the display substrate, a first electrochromic layer provided on the display electrode, an intermediate display electrode provided above the first electrochromic layer separately from the first electrochromic layer, a second electrochromic layer provided on and contacting the intermediate display electrode, an opposed substrate, an opposed electrode provided on the opposed substrate, and an electrolyte solution provided between a surface of the display substrate on which the display electrode is formed and a surface of the opposed substrate on which the opposed electrode is formed, wherein the intermediate display electrode contains a rod-shaped, whisker-shaped, or long-fiber-shaped electrically conductive fine particle, and at least a portion of a space in the electrically conductive fine particle is filled with a material forming the second electrochromic layer.