Abstract: An electron emitting device, comprising: a first electrode provided on a substrate; a first layer provided on said electrode and capable of undergoing transition from an electrically high resistance state to a low resistance state when irradiated by a radiant ray; and a conductive layer, an insulating layer and a second electrode, laminated on said first layer. An electron generator includes the electron emitting device as well as an applicator for applying an electric field to said device, and an irradiator for irradiating a radiant ray on the device. A method for driving the electron emitting device is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal material disposed between said pair of substrates, wherein at least one of said substrates is provided with a film comprising a polyimide compound having in its polyimide main-chain structural unit at least one alkyl side chain containing an alkyl chain moiety having a length of 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A photosensing device comprising at least one probe electrode, a light-absorbing medium in opposition to the probe electrode, and a means for adjusting the distance between the probe electrode and the light-absorbing medium.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is provided which has a pair of substrates and a ferroelectric liquid crystal with the molecules thereof arranged in a plurality of layers perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the surface of said pair of substrates. The device is characterized in that at least one of said pair of substrates is coated with a film of a polymeric material for aligning the plurality of layers preferentially in one direction, and the film of the polymeric material is formed of a monomecular film or a monomolecular built-up film of a polymeric compound having both a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion within a molecule.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided which comprises a diacetylene derivative compound and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of azulenium salt compounds, pyrylium dyes, diene compounds, croconic methines, and polymethine compounds. An optical recording method is also provided which comprises a step of writing by irradiating with a radiation ray corresponding to a recording information an optical recording medium comprising a polydiacetylene derivative compound and a compound selected from the above-mentioned group.

Abstract: An image forming device is provided which comprises an image forming layer containing molecules of an organic compound capable of phase transition, and functional molecules such as those of a photochromic compound. An image forming process is also provided which employs the above-mentioned device.

Abstract: A film forming device includes an optical device which has a light source, and a first optical system for projecting light beams split by a light splitting device. The light splitting device and the optical system steadily maintain the intensity center of the light beam projected onto a detecting surface of a light detector at an invariable position without positional fluctuation independently of fluctuation of an emitting angle to a thin film of the light source.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided and which comprises a semiconductor having insulating layers and conductive layers laminated alternately. The semiconductor comprises an organic film, and electrodes are provided on the semiconductor.

Abstract: There is provided an organic conductive medium, comprising an organic conductive layer formed on the surface of a substrate having fine uneven shape.

Abstract: A recording method is provided which comprises irradiating a recording medium having a recording layer containing a diacetylene derivative compound with a laser beam having a wavelength of 420 to 800 nm according to an input information to allow irradiated portions of the recording medium to cause a color change and thereby to conduct recording. A recording medium for the recording method is also provided.

Abstract: An optical recording-reproducing method comprising the step of irradiating a radiation for polymerization on an optical recording medium having a recording layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of azulenium salt compounds, pyrylium dyes, diene compounds, croconic methine dyes and polymethine compounds (hereinafter called the group B) and a diacetylene derivative compound; the step of irradiating a radiation corresponding to a recording information to thereby change the color at the irradiated portion of the recording layer; and the step of reading the recorded information by irradiating a reading light with a shorter wavelength than said radiation on said recording layer. Also, an optical recording-reproducing device utilizes the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: An optical recording method is provided which comprises a step of irradiating light corresponding to recording information on the optical recording medium having a recording layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of azulenium salt compounds, pyrylium dyes, diene compounds, croconic methine dyes or polymethine compounds and a diacetylene derivative compound to thereby form a pit on said recording layer.

Abstract: An electroconductive film is provided which has a first region constituted of a lamination layer comprising an electroconductive layer and an insulating layer, and a second layer having reduced or eliminated electroconductivity. Another type of electroconductive film is also provided having a first region constituted of a limination layer containing a compound having a polymerizable double bond and comprising an electroconductive layer and an insulating layer, and a second layer which is modified and having changed dissolution characteristics. The layer may be formed of a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film. A patterning method by use of the above electroconductive film is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a light absorpiton characteristic of a thin film is provided.The apparatus comprises (1) a liquid container containing a liquid on which surface a thin film is to be spread, (2) exciting light source for supplying an exciting light to be projected from below the liquid surface on to a measurement site of the thin film spread on the liquid surface, at such an incident angle that the exciting light reflects totally at the liquid surface, (3) a chopper for converting the exciting light into an intermittent exciting light before the exciting light reaches the measurement site of the thin film, (4) a probe light source for supplying probe light passing the measurement site or its vicinity, and (5) a detector for detecting an amount of deflection of the probe light having passed the measurement site or its vicinity.

Abstract: A light beam fluctuation compensating device is provided which comprises a light source, a first optical system for splitting a light beam emitted from said light source into two light beams and a second optical system for irradiating the two light beams split by said first optical system onto a target. A light beam fluctuation method utilizing the device is also provided.

Abstract: A polymerizable film is provided which comprises a transition metal and a polymerizable compound, and having a solubility in a solvent which changes through a maximum and a minimum repeatedly with an increase in energy imparted for polymerization. The polymerized film may comprise a polymerizable compound represented by the formula:R--C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--(R.sub.1).sub.n --Xwherein R and R.sub.1 are hydrophobic sites, X is a hydrophilic site, and n is 0 or 1. This polymerizable film is useful as recording materials and resist materials.

Abstract: A device for measuring optical properties is provided which is equipped with an exciting light source for emitting exciting light to the sites to be measured of a sample, a light intensity modulator for modulating the exciting light, a probe light source for emitting probe light and a detector for receiving the probe light. The device is characterized by comprising an intensity distribution modifying means for bringing the maximum intensity portion of said probe light close to the sample when the probe light emitted from the probe light source reaches the site to be measured or the vicinity thereof. A method for measuring optical properties using the device is also provided. This device is useful particularly for measurement of the light absorption characteristics of a monomolecular film spread on a liquid surface.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for forming a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer built-up film on a substrate by spreading a group of monomolecular film-forming molecules on a liquid surface and contacting the substrate with the group of the monomolecular film-forming molecules. The apparatus comprises a frame for confining the spread liquid surface and structure for isolating and moving at least two different monomolecular layers on the spread liquid surface within the frame.

Abstract: An optical recording method comprises the steps of:(A) irradiating a radiation corresponding to a recording information on an optical recording medium having a recording layer containing a diacetylene derivative and at least one selected from the group (hereinafter called the group B) consisting of azulenium salt compounds, pyrylium dyes, diene compounds, croconic methine dyes and polymethine compounds, thereby forming a latent image; and(B) irradiating a radiation on the recording medium having said latent image formed thereon to thereby visualizing said latent image.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided which has a function of an organic film condensor. The device comprises a plural number of electroconductive layers each comprising a monomolecular film of an organic molecule having both of an electroconductive site and a hydrophobic site in combination or a built-up film thereof, and a dielectric layer of a monomolecular film of an organic molecule having both of a hydrophobic site in combination or a built-up film thereof between the electroconductive layers laminated on a substrate.