Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit including a lens. The distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distance between the second lens unit and the third lens unit changes during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The first lens unit consists, in order from the object side, of a front sub lens unit having a negative refractive power, an optical path bending member, and a rear sub lens unit having a positive refractive power. The front sub lens unit includes a biconcave single lens, and the rear sub lens unit includes one or two single lenses.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit including a lens. The distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distance between the second lens unit and the third lens unit changes during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The first lens unit consists, in order from the object side, of a front sub lens unit having a negative refractive power, an optical path bending member, and a rear sub lens unit having a positive refractive power. The front sub lens unit includes a biconcave single lens, and the rear sub lens unit includes one or two single lenses.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit including a lens. The distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distance between the second lens unit and the third lens unit changes during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The first lens unit consists, in order from the object side, of a front sub lens unit having a negative refractive power, an optical path bending member, and a rear sub lens unit having a positive refractive power. The front sub lens unit includes a biconcave single lens, and the rear sub lens unit includes one or two single lenses.

Abstract: An electronic image pickup apparatus includes a plurality of lens units, an image forming optical system, and an image pickup element. The image forming optical system includes at least a lens unit nearest to object side which is disposed nearest to an object side, an aperture stop which is disposed on an image side than the lens unit nearest to object side, and an image-side lens unit which is disposed on the image side than the aperture stop. The lens unit nearest to object side includes a lens having a mark formed on an effective area of a lens surface thereof. At least any one of the lens in the image forming optical system is held such that, a shifting or a tilting of the lens can be adjusted.

Abstract: A zoom lens with a bent optical path comprising, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a rear lens unit group having a positive refractive power as a whole. The first lens unit includes a reflecting member. The rear lens unit group includes three lens unit including, in order from the object side to the image side, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens unit having a positive refractive power. The distances between the lens units change during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The zoom lens satisfies the predetermined conditional expressions.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a positive refracting power and including a reflecting member having a reflecting surface, a second lens unit having a negative refracting power, a rear lens unit group having a positive refracting power as a whole and including at least three lens units, which includes in order from the object side, a third lens unit, a fourth lens unit, and a fifth lens unit. An aperture stop is provided between the second lens unit and the fourth lens unit. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the first lens unit is kept stationary, the second lens unit is located closer to the image side at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distances between the lens units change. The first lens unit includes, in order from the object side, a negative lens component, the reflecting member, and a rear sub-lens unit including a first positive lens element and a second positive lens element.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus satisfying certain conditional expressions comprises a zoom lens and an image pickup element. The zoom lens consists of, in order from the object side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power in which a reflecting surface that deflects the optical path is provided, a second lens unit, comprising a plurality of negative lenses, having a negative refractive power, a rear lens unit, comprising a third lens unit and a fourth lens unit, having a positive refractive power, and an aperture stop between the second and fourth lens units. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the first lens unit is fixed, the second lens unit moves in such a way as to be located closer to the image side at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distances between the lens units change.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid-ejection head substrate including a silicon substrate having a supply port for supplying liquid is provided. The method includes: forming an etching mask layer on a surface of the silicon substrate, the etching mask layer having an opening in a portion corresponding to the supply port; forming a first recess in the surface of the silicon substrate by anisotropically etching the silicon substrate through the opening in the etching mask layer; forming a second recess that extends toward the other surface of the silicon substrate, in a surface of the first recess in the silicon substrate; and forming the supply port by anisotropically etching the silicon substrate from the surface provided with the second recess.

Abstract: A zoom lens with a bent optical path includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit including the reflecting member and having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, a third lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the second lens unit moves closer to the first lens unit only toward the object side, the third lens unit moves in such a way that it becomes closest to the second lens unit at an intermediate focal length position in the course of zooming as compared to the state at the wide angle end and the state at the telephoto end, and the fourth lens unit moves. The zoom lens satisfies a certain condition.

Abstract: The zoom lens comprises, from an object side, a first lens group, a second lens group that includes an aperture stop moving integrally therewith, a third lens group, and a fourth lens group having, respectively, negative, positive, negative, and positive refracting power, and during zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, a spacing between the first and second lens groups becomes narrow, between the second and third lens groups changes, and between the third and fourth lens groups grows wide, and the first lens group includes a first lens having negative refracting power, a second lens having a reflective surface for bending a light ray coming out of an object and a third lens having positive refracting power, and in said second lens group, a most image-plane-side surface of a lens having negative refracting power is configured in a concave shape on an image plane side.

Abstract: A zoom lens with a bent optical path comprising, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a rear lens unit group having a positive refractive power as a whole. The first lens unit includes a reflecting member. The rear lens unit group includes three lens unit including, in order from the object side to the image side, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens unit having a positive refractive power. The distances between the lens units change during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The zoom lens satisfies the predetermined conditional expressions.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid discharge head including a flow path member for forming a flow path communicating with a discharge port discharging a liquid includes forming a mold of the flow path made of a positive photosensitive resin on a substrate; applying a coated layer on the mold for forming the flow path member, which coated layer includes a solvent, an epoxy resin, and a curing agent of the epoxy resin; removing the solvent from the coated layer at a normal temperature under substantially 1 atm. so that the weight of the coated layer may become 93% or less of that thereof at a time of applying of the coated layer, and then further removing the solvent from the coated layer under a depressurized condition; curing the coated layer; and removing the mold to form the flow path.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a zoom lens and an image pickup element. The zoom lens includes an optical path reflecting lens group including a reflecting member and having a positive refracting power, a movable negative lens group that is disposed in the optical path on the image side of the optical path reflecting lens group, has a negative refracting power, and moves during zooming, a movable positive lens group that is disposed in the optical path on the image side of the movable negative lens group, has a positive refracting power, and moves during zooming, and an aperture stop disposed in the optical path between the movable negative lens group and the movable positive lens group. The optical path reflecting lens group is a lens group located closest to the object side in the zoom lens.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side, an object side lens group having a negative refracting power at the wide angle end and including at least one negative lens unit, and an image side lens group having a positive refracting power at the wide angle end and including at least one positive lens unit including a cemented doublet lens component. The distance between the two lens groups is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end. The cemented doublet lens component includes, in order from the object side, a negative object side lens having a concave surface facing the image side, and positive image side lens having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the image side. The cemented doublet lens component is located closest to the image side in the positive lens unit. The zoom lens satisfies specific conditions.

Abstract: A throttle valve controller for an internal combustion engine has a throttle valve driven by a motor. The target opening of the throttle valve is determined based on the operating state of the vehicle or internal combustion engine. A first lower limit is determined beforehand as the minimum target opening, and a second lower limit is set which is smaller than the first lower limit if the determined target opening is smaller than a predetermined opening and/or if the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is lower than a predetermined speed.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit including a lens. The distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distance between the second lens unit and the third lens unit changes during zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. The first lens unit consists, in order from the object side, of a front sub lens unit having a negative refractive power, an optical path bending member, and a rear sub lens unit having a positive refractive power. The front sub lens unit includes a biconcave single lens, and the rear sub lens unit includes one or two single lenses.

Abstract: Provided is a fragrance device for vehicle with an aim to restrain an olfactory adaptation of an occupant, to continuously provide the occupant for a long time with changes in sensory intensity of smell caused by intermittent smell emission, and to provide the occupant for a long time with a relaxation effect due to a smell, the fragrance device for vehicle includes: a fragrance holder holding a fragrance; a blowing means for blowing air to the fragrance holder to blow a smell of the fragrance into a vehicle cabin; and a fragrance blowing control means for sequentially repeating the repeating of a predetermined cycle of blowing a smell of the fragrance and a pause predetermined times by intermittently blowing the smell at each cycle, and then the providing of a stop time for stopping the blowing out of the smell of the fragrance for a predetermined time period.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus satisfying certain conditional expressions comprises a zoom lens and an image pickup element. The zoom lens consists of, in order from the object side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power in which a reflecting surface that deflects the optical path is provided, a second lens unit, comprising a plurality of negative lenses, having a negative refractive power, a rear lens unit, comprising a third lens unit and a fourth lens unit, having a positive refractive power, and an aperture stop between the second and fourth lens units. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the first lens unit is fixed, the second lens unit moves in such a way as to be located closer to the image side at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distances between the lens units change.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens unit having a positive refracting power and including a reflecting member having a reflecting surface, a second lens unit having a negative refracting power, a rear lens unit group having a positive refracting power as a whole and including at least three lens units, which includes in order from the object side, a third lens unit, a fourth lens unit, and a fifth lens unit. An aperture stop is provided between the second lens unit and the fourth lens unit. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the first lens unit is kept stationary, the second lens unit is located closer to the image side at the telephoto end than at the wide angle end, and the distances between the lens units change. The first lens unit includes, in order from the object side, a negative lens component, the reflecting member, and a rear sub-lens unit including a first positive lens element and a second positive lens element.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a substrate for an ink jet head, including formation of an ink supply port in a silicon substrate, the method includes a step of forming, on one side of the substrate, an etching mask layer having an opening at a position corresponding ink supply port; a step of forming unpenetrated holes through the opening of the etching mask layer in at least two rows in a longitudinal direction of the opening; and a step of forming the ink supply port by crystal anisotropic etching of the substrate in the opening.