Abstract: An infrared spectrophotometer, which is capable of preventing measurement data measured from being adversely affected by moisture vapor. An internal space of an attachment receiving therein an optical element is sealed and isolated from ambient air by providing a tube and others, and a dehumidifier is provided in the internal space of the attachment for an optical path. Thus, the dehumidifier is disposed in a relatively narrow space, so that the internal space of the attachment can be efficiently dehumidified within a short period of time so as to reduce humidity in the internal space to suppress absorption of moisture vapor which would otherwise occur on the optical path in the internal space of the attachment. This makes it possible to prevent a negative influence of moisture vapor on measurement data, while reducing a standby time due to the dehumidification.

Abstract: An infrared spectrophotometer, which is capable of preventing measurement data measured from being adversely affected by moisture vapor. An internal space of an attachment receiving therein an optical element is sealed and isolated from ambient air by providing a tube and others, and a dehumidifier is provided in the internal space of the attachment for an optical path. Thus, the dehumidifier is disposed in a relatively narrow space, so that the internal space of the attachment can be efficiently dehumidified within a short period of time so as to reduce humidity in the internal space to suppress absorption of moisture vapor which would otherwise occur on the optical path in the internal space of the attachment. This makes it possible to prevent a negative influence of moisture vapor on measurement data, while reducing a standby time due to the dehumidification.

Abstract: The geographic information indicator further includes means for storing a range within which the data is stored in the local database in a form of a local database effective range information, local database effective range check means for deciding a first area within which the data is already stored in the local database and a second area within which the data is not stored in the local database, server-side database retrieval request means for inquiring the database server via the network about the data included in the second area, local database update means for additionally storing the data obtained as a retrieval result,in the local database and also updating the local database effective range information based on the second area, local database retrieval means for extracting the data included in the screen display range from the local database, and screen display means for displaying the data extracted from the local database on a screen.

Abstract: A key switch includes a switch provided on a base, a key top for operating the switch, and a link mechanism supported on the base and supporting the key top on its upper side, a shape of the link mechanism being changed when the key top is depressed. A movable plate is provided on the base, in stacked relationship; such that the movable plate is moved when the key top is depressed so as to change the shape of the link mechanism to a flat shape. An auxiliary link mechanism has a first part supported on the moveable plate and, in turn, by the base and a second part supporting the key top.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a key switch including a switch provided on a base, a key top for operating the switch, a link mechanism supported on the base and supporting the key top on its upper side, a shape of the link mechanism being changed when the key top is depressed, a movable plate provided on the base such that the movable plate is moved when the key top is depressed so as to change the shape of the link mechanism to the flat shape and an auxiliary link mechanism. The auxiliary linking mechanism is provided with a first side part supported by the base and a second side part supporting the key top.

Abstract: In order to manage a plurality of sets of multidimensional data positioned in a specific area of a computer, when hierarchically dividing a first area within the specific area into second areas that are to constitute child areas thereof, a decision is made as to whether or not a division condition, which is based upon the state achieved when the sets of multidimensional data are allocated to the first area and the state achieved when the sets of multidimensional data are allocated to the second areas, is satisfied. When it is decided that the division condition will be satisfied, the first area is hierarchically divided into the second areas to allocate the sets of multidimensional data to the second areas.

Abstract: A rear projection type image display apparatus having an arrangement that a projection distance of a projection lens thereof is shortened and a density of mounting of parts relating to an optical system and an electric system is made higher. Furthermore, a width of a rear portion of a housing of the rear projection type image display apparatus is reduced rearwards at any position from the upper portion to the lower portion thereof, and the lower portion of a back cover is depressed inwards. Thus, a space required to install the rear projection type image display apparatus can be reduced, the rear surface of the apparatus can be disposed on a wall without any gap when the apparatus is installed along the wall, and the overall body of the apparatus can be received deep into a corner of walls when the apparatus is installed at the corner.

Abstract: A transmission screen for a rear projection type image display apparatus having at least one image generation source for displaying images, at least one projection lens for enlarging and projecting images displayed on the at least one image generation source onto a rear portion of the transmission screen for display. The transmission screen of the image display apparatus enables display of the images projected onto the transmission screen with a contrast of at least 70. Further, the transmission screen enables display with a field angle within a range of at least 72.degree. to less than 100.degree.. The transmission screen also includes a glossy light absorbing layer and a substantially smooth mirror surface at a light exit surface thereof.

Abstract: A transmission screen for a rear projection type image display apparatus having at least one image generation source for displaying images, at least one projection lens for enlarging and projecting images displayed on the at least one image generation source onto a rear portion of the transmission screen for display. The transmission screen of the image display apparatus enables display of the images projected onto the transmission screen with a contrast of at least 70. Further, the transmission screen enables display with a field angle within a range of at least 72.degree. to less than 100.degree.. The transmission screen also includes a glossy light absorbing layer and a substantially smooth mirror surface at a light exit surface thereof.

Abstract: An ultra-wide angle liquid crystal projector system comprising a light source, a liquid crystal panel, a curved screen, and a projection lens for projecting in accordance with light emitted by the light source an image formed on the liquid crystal panel onto the curved screen. The projection lens has a curvature of field substantially conforming to the shape of the curved screen and an angle of projection of at least 120 degrees. The projection lens is disposed with respect to the curved screen so that a distance from an exit surface of the projection lens to the curved screen is less than 3 meters.

Abstract: Methods of conducting Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) involving using a TLC plate having sample spots and including no support material, placing the TLC plate on a porous substrate, and allowing solvent to move upwardly from the porous substrate toward the TLC plate by capillary action to be vaporized from the surface of the TLC plate, thereby concentrating the sample spots developed in the thin layer on the surface of the TLC plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lighting apparatus for a vehicular discharge lamp which prevents the occurrence of an electric shock when the status of a vehicle is changed while the discharge lamp is on, such as when the hood of the vehicle is opened for inspection or repair. A hood open/close detector detects that the hood is opened while the discharge lamp is lit, and upon reception of a detection signal from the detector, the power supply/cutoff circuit opens a cutoff switch means to stop power supply from a battery to a lighting circuit, turning off the discharge lamp. In this manner, a person who opens a hood for work can be kept out of danger of a high voltage that is supplied to the discharge lamp.

Abstract: In a projection lens device having at least two plastic lenses for magnification-projecting an original image displayed on a display screen onto a screen, one of the two plastic lens is convex at a center thereof toward the screen and concave at a periphery thereof, and the other lens has a weak positive refractive power toward the screen at a center thereof and a stronger positive refractive power at a periphery thereof. A variation of a lens power due to a change of a surrounding environment is cancelled out by the concave shape at the periphery of the one lens and the positive refractive power at the periphery of the other lens.

Abstract: Disclosed is a projection lens system for use in an optical system for magnifying and projecting original images displayed on plural image display devices onto a screen through projection lenses provided in corresponding relation to the image display devices, which projection lens system comprises plural lens elements and in which according to colors or degrees of fineness of original images, the number of constituent lenses, or the shape of lens surface, or an effective aperture of at least one constituent lens element surface, or the number of constituent lenses and the shape of lens surface, or the number of constituent lenses and an effective aperture of at least one constituent lens element surface, or the shape of lens surface and an effective aperture of at least one constituent lens element surface, or the number of constituent lenses, the shape of lens surface and an effective aperture of at least one constituent lens element surface, are changed at a time.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining a rotation center of a rotary body comprises a rotary body rotating in clockwise and counterclockwise directions in cooperation with the steering for a vehicle, and original position detecting circuit which detects a predetermined original angular position which the rotary body taken per each rotation, thus judging an original angular position taken when other original angular positions are not detected within a lapse of a predetermined time after the original angular position has been detected as rotation centers in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of the rotary body.

Abstract: A vehicle cornering headlamp system in which the direction of illumination of the headlamps of an automobile are made to follow the actual direction of movement of the vehicle, except that the direction of illumination is returned to the straight-ahead direction more quickly than it is moved away therefrom, thereby more accurately following the usual eye movement of the driver. For this purpose, a control signal is generated which has a pulse width indicative of the steering angle but which has a variation characteristic with respect to steering angle which is larger when the steering wheel is turned back towards the straight-ahead position than when the steering wheel is turned away from the straight-ahead position.

Abstract: An automotive illumination system with which, when steering the vehicle around a curve or corner, both the path along which the vehicle is to travel and the direction straight ahead of the vehicle are sufficiently illuminated. Four headlamps are provided. Two of the headlamps, preferably the outer two, have directions of illumination fixed in the straight-ahead direction of the vehicle. The other two headlamps have directions of illumination which are controlled in accordance with the steering angle of the vehicle.

Abstract: In a vehicle cornering lamp system, a control signal having a pulse width corresponding to a steering angle is periodically produced, and the amount of position shift between the actual direction of illumination of the headlamps and the target direction of illumination determined from the steering angle is detected according to the control signal thus produced. An electric motor is driven to change the direction of illumination of the headlamps so that the amount of position shift becomes zero, that is, the direction of illumination of the headlamps is linearly changed with the electric motor while following the steering angle.

Abstract: A headlight for use in a vehicle and comprising a lamp body a reflective mirror mounted in the lamp body and having a front opening, a bulb mounted in the reflective mirror and acting as the light source of the headlight, a douser plate mounted on the lamp body at the location between the front opening of the mirror and the bulb and intercepting a part of the light emitted from the bulb. The douser plate is supported on the lamp body such that the douser plate can incline transversely with respect to the lamp body, and driving device is provided on the lamp body for transversely inclining the douser plate.