Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the long-term stabilization of polyamides and the use of a specific additive composition for the long-term stabilization of polyamides.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an additive for the controlled viscosity adjustment of polycondensates, comprising an acid and/or acid anhydride and a carrier, preferably a polymeric carrier, characterized in that the acid and/or the acid anhydride is uniformly distributed in the carrier, a process for preparing the additive, a process for the controlled viscosity adjustment of polycondensates and the use of the additive for the controlled viscosity adjustment of polycondensates.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the long-term stabilization of polyamides and the use of a specific additive composition for the long-term stabilization of polyamides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the wettability of a rotating electrode with a liquid medium in a discharge lamp, in particular for the production of EUV radiation or soft X-rays, and a correspondingly designed gas discharge lamp. In the method, the edge surface of the rotating electrode to which the liquid medium is applied is microstructured by means of external processing. This microstructure significantly improves the wettability of the edge surface for the liquid medium. Furthermore, the distribution of the liquid medium over the edge surface can be controlled selectively by suitable choice of the microstructure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for generating optical radiation (18), in particular EUV radiation or soft x-rays, by means of electrically operated discharges. A plasma (15) is ignited in a gaseous medium between at least two electrodes (1, 2), wherein said gaseous medium is produced at least partly from a liquid material (6), which is applied to one or several surface(s) moving in the discharge space and is at least partially evaporated by one or several pulsed energy beam(s) (9). At least two consecutive pulses (16) are applied within a time interval of each electrical discharge onto said surface(s). The delay between and/or the pulse energy of said consecutive pulses is controlled to stabilize the position of an emission center of the plasma (15).

Abstract: A composition comprising a) at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanate compound having at least two isocyanate groups and b) at least one lactone, containing 4 to 7 carbon atoms and use of the composition as an activator for anionic lactam polymerization to obtain polyamides.

Abstract: A composition comprising a) at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanate compound having at least two isocyanate groups and b) at least one lactone, containing 4 to 7 carbon atoms and use of the composition as an activator for anionic lactam polymerization to obtain polyamides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the wettability of a rotating electrode with a liquid medium in a discharge lamp, in particular for the production of EUV radiation or soft X-rays, and a correspondingly designed gas discharge lamp. In the method, the edge surface of the rotating electrode to which the liquid medium is applied is microstructured by means of external processing. This microstructure significantly improves the wettability of the edge surface for the liquid medium. Furthermore, the distribution of the liquid medium over the edge surface can be controlled selectively by suitable choice of the microstructure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for generating optical radiation (18), in particular EUV radiation or soft x-rays, by means of electrically operated discharges. A plasma (15) is ignited in a gaseous medium between at least two electrodes (1, 2), wherein said gaseous medium is produced at least partly from a liquid material (6), which is applied to one or several surface(s) moving in the discharge space and is at least partially evaporated by one or several pulsed energy beam(s) (9). At least two consecutive pulses (16) are applied within a time interval of each electrical discharge onto said surface(s). The delay between and/or the pulse energy of said consecutive pulses is controlled to stabilize the position of an emission center of the plasma (15).

Abstract: A composition comprising a) at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanate compound having at least two isocyanate groups and b) at least one lactone, containing 4 to 7 carbon atoms and use of the composition as an activator for anionic lactam polymerization to obtain polyamides.

Abstract: A retractable hand lever actuator which can be locked in a trough for driving a latch for a switch cabinet or the like is described. The hand lever is articulated at a drive shaft supported in the trough. According to the invention, the hand lever actuator comprises a handle such as a T-handle or L-handle having two connection levers which are arranged relative to one another in a parallelogram configuration and which are articulated by one end at the drive shaft and by the other end in a similar manner at the handle in such a way that, on the one hand, they hold the handle in its direction parallel to the extension of the trough when the handle is folded out of the trough and, on the other hand, are able to transmit a rotational movement of the handle to the drive shaft in the folded out position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a handle (e.g., a fixed handle, rotary handle, or swivel lever handle) particularly with a lock insert or the like or escutcheon for mounting in a preferably thin wall (e.g., a sheet metal cabinet door leaf, sheet metal drawer front, or sheet metal box lid). Wherein the handle has a longitudinal extension at whose ends is arranged at least one fastening means (e.g., a screw, nut, hook fastening or clip-in fastening). The lock insert includes a housing with a collar in the vicinity of its front end, and a receiving space for the front end of the housing with the collar is provided at this end of the handle in the vicinity of the fastening means proceeding from the contact surface contacting the thin wall, this receiving space passing through the handle to the front side of the handle while changing in cross section.

Abstract: A gas discharge source, in particular, for generating extreme ultraviolet and/or soft X-radiation, has a gas-filled intermediate electrode space located between two electrodes, devices for the admission and evacuation of gas, and one electrode that has an opening that defines an axis of symmetry and is provided for the discharge of radiation. A diaphragm exhibits at least one opening on the axis of symmetry and operates as a differential pump stage, between the two electrodes.

Abstract: A retractable hand lever actuator which can be locked in a trough for driving a latch for a switch cabinet or the like is described. The hand lever is articulated at a drive shaft supported in the trough. According to the invention, the hand lever actuator comprises a handle such as a T-handle or L-handle having two connection levers which are arranged relative to one another in a parallelogram configuration and which are articulated by one end at the drive shaft and by the other end in a similar manner at the handle in such a way that, on the one hand, they hold the handle in its direction parallel to the extension of the trough when the handle is folded out of the trough and, on the other hand, are able to transmit a rotational movement of the handle to the drive shaft in the folded out position.

Abstract: A latch lock having a latch which is arranged so as to be displaceable against spring force in a lock case that can be fastened to a wall, door leaf, or the like, having a first locking cylinder whose thumb draws the latch back against spring force when the cylinder core is rotated by a key. The locking cylinder is constructed in such a way that it allows the key to be pulled out only in a determined position of the cylinder core with reference to the cylinder housing such as in the locking position. According to the invention, a second locking cylinder is arranged in the lock case and coupled with the first locking cylinder such that, when rotated by means of a key, its thumb moves the first locking cylinder into the determined position in which the key can be extracted from the first locking cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a handle (e.g., a fixed handle, rotary handle, or swivel lever handle) particularly with a lock insert or the like or escutcheon for mounting in a preferably thin wall (e.g., a sheet metal cabinet door leaf, sheet metal drawer front, or sheet metal box lid). Wherein the handle has a longitudinal extension at whose ends is arranged at least one fastening means (e.g., a screw, nut, hook fastening or clip-in fastening). The lock insert includes a housing with a collar in the vicinity of its front end, and a receiving space for the front end of the housing with the collar is provided at this end of the handle in the vicinity of the fastening means proceeding from the contact surface contacting the thin wall, this receiving space passing through the handle to the front side of the handle while changing in cross section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a handle (e.g., a fixed handle, rotary handle, or swivel lever handle) particularly with a lock insert or the like or escutcheon for mounting in a preferably thin wall (e.g., a sheet metal cabinet door leaf, sheet metal drawer front, or sheet metal box lid). Wherein the handle has a longitudinal extension at whose ends is arranged at least one fastening means (e.g., a screw, nut, hook fastening or clip-in fastening). The lock insert includes a housing with a collar in the vicinity of its front end, and a receiving space for the front end of the housing with the collar is provided at this end of the handle in the vicinity of the fastening means proceeding from the contact surface contacting the thin wall, this receiving space passing through the handle to the front side of the handle while changing in cross section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp for EUV radiation with an anode (1) and a hollow cathode (2), wherein the hollow cathode (2) has at least two openings (3, 3?) and the anode (1) has a through hole (4), which is characterized in that the longitudinal axes (5, 5?) of the hollow cathode openings (3) have a common point of intersection S lying on the axis of symmetry (6) of the anode opening (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge source, in particular for generating extreme ultraviolet and/or soft X-radiation, in which a gas-filled intermediate electrode space (3) is located between two electrodes (1, 2), in which devices for the admission and evacuation of gas are present, and in which one electrode (1) exhibits an opening (5) that defines an axis of symmetry (4) and is provided for the discharge of radiation. The proposed improvements constitute the presence of a diaphragm (6), which exhibits at least one opening (7) on the axis of symmetry (4) and operates as a differential pump stage, between the two electrodes (1, 2).

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp for the wavelength range of extreme ultraviolet radiation and/or soft X-ray radiation has at least two electrodes for providing a radiaton-emitting plasma in the intervening discharge space. One of the electrodes has a continuous opening to an adjoining outer region where charge carriers can be generated which can be transported through the opening in to the discharge space. The electrode opening narrows in the direction of the outer region.