Abstract: A disclosed sheet carrying device includes a first carrying unit that includes a first rotary body, a first driving unit outputting a driving force at a first peripheral speed, a one-way clutch transmitting the driving force only in a sheet carrying direction, and a second rotary body driven by the first rotary body via the sheet; and a second carrying unit including a third rotary body rotating at a second peripheral speed being the first peripheral speed or more, a fourth rotary body carrying the sheet with the third rotary body, a second driving unit outputting a driving force for driving the fourth rotary body at a third peripheral speed being the second peripheral speed or more, and a torque limiter having a slip torque smaller than a sheet carrying torque and cutting off the driving force while the sheet is interposed between the third and fourth rotary bodies.

Abstract: A sheet conveying apparatus includes a sheet conveying unit that conveys a sheet; a conveying amount measuring unit that measures a conveying amount of the sheet conveyed by the sheet conveying unit; a first detection unit that detects the sheet downstream of the sheet conveying unit in a conveying direction of the sheet; a second detection unit that detects the sheet upstream of the sheet conveying unit in the conveying direction of the sheet; and a conveying distance calculation unit that calculates a conveying distance of the sheet based on the measured result by the conveying amount measuring unit and the detected results detected by the first detection unit and the second detection unit.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a processor generates a first density variation data based on the surface potential of the pattern in relation to the rotational position of the image bearer and a second density variation data based on the first density variation data and the density of the toner pattern, stores the first density variation data and the second density variation data in a memory, makes a pattern in a predetermined timing, decides whether the first density variation data is changed or not, change the first density variation data based on the decision, controls the toner image forming condition of the toner image forming device based on the first density variation data and the second density variation data.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier; a developing device; a transfer device; and a fixing device. An electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier is rendered visible as a toner image by depositing the toner by the developing device, and the toner image is transferred by the transfer device and fixed onto a recording medium by the fixing device and output. The apparatus further includes a density fluctuation meter including a rotary position detector, a density fluctuation detector, and a density fluctuation storage; a density fluctuation extractor unit including a first extractor, a second extractor, and a density fluctuation storage; and a control table generator unit including a control table generator and a control table storage, so that based on the control table stored in the control table storage, the voltage to be applied to the developing device is controlled and the toner image is output.

Abstract: A belt meandering preventing device includes a belt displacement detection unit detecting the amount of displacement in a belt width direction of an endless belt rotatably stretched over support parts; and a belt meandering correction unit correcting the displacement in the belt width direction of the endless belt based on the amount of displacement detected by the belt displacement detection unit. The belt displacement detection unit includes a moving part moving in association with the displacement of the endless belt or an edge of the endless belt in the belt width direction and optical sensors outputting signals with output levels corresponding to the proportions of the moving part in optical paths of the optical sensors. The optical sensors are arranged such that the output levels of the optical sensors change as the endless belt is displaced in the belt width direction in a predetermined high-resolution detection range.

Abstract: A linear drive ultrasonic motor includes at least an ultrasonic vibrator having a piezoelectric element, a driven member which is driven relatively by a frictional force between the ultrasonic vibrator and the driven member, a plurality of coupling members which are coupled with the driven member, a frame body which is coupled with the coupling member, a bias applying member which applies a bias to the driven member by the ultrasonic vibrator, a base member which movably supports the driven member, and a rolling member having a spherical shape which movably supports the driven member with respect to the base member. The plurality of coupling members include a positioning portion which determines a position of the respective frame body, and which have a shape which enables to fix by a point contact, sandwiching the frame body.

Abstract: A sheet conveying apparatus includes a sheet conveying unit including a drive roller and a driven roller; a downstream detection unit and an upstream detection unit; a conveying amount measuring unit that measures a conveying amount of the sheet; and a conveying distance calculation unit that calculates a conveying distance of the sheet, wherein a distance between the downstream detection unit and the upstream detection unit or a perimeter of one of the drive roller and the driven roller is set such that an expected conveying distance calculated based on a set sheet length of an expected value of the sheet becomes a substantially integer multiple of a perimeter of the one of the drive roller and the driven roller.

Abstract: A sheet conveying apparatus including: a sheet conveying unit; an upstream side guiding member that forms an upstream side conveying route of a sheet; a downstream side guiding member that forms a downstream side conveying route of the sheet; an upstream side detection unit; and a downstream side detection unit, wherein a detection position of the sheet for the upstream side detection unit is set between the sheet conveying unit and a position where the sheet is in contact with the upstream side guiding member, and a detection position of the sheet for the downstream side detection unit is set between the sheet conveying unit and a position where the sheet is in contact with the downstream side guiding member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit to form an adhesive toner pattern in a predetermined bonding range of a sheet, outside a printable range in which an image according to image data is formed, a stacking unit to stack multiple sheets one on top of another, and a sheet binding device that includes a fusing device to fuse and fix the adhesive toner pattern formed on the multiple sheets to bind the multiple sheets together, and a bonding strength setting unit to determine, in accordance with a desired bonding strength, at least one of a number of color toners used for forming the adhesive toner pattern, a bonding manner, a number of pixels of the adhesive toner pattern, a toner area ratio of the adhesive toner pattern, and a layer thickness of the adhesive toner pattern.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor mechanism includes an ultrasonic vibrator that includes a piezoelectric element; a driven member that is driven relative to the ultrasonic vibrator because of a frictional force generated between the ultrasonic vibrator and the driven member; a coupling member that is coupled to the driven member; a first urging member that urges the ultrasonic vibrator with the driven member; a base member that movably supports the driven member; and a spherical rolling member that movably supports the driven member with respect to the base member. By interposing a second urging member between the driven member and the coupling member, the driven member is urged in a longitudinal direction. The driven member and the coupling member are coupled to each other by causing the driven member to abut the coupling member.

Abstract: A belt conveying device includes an endless belt stretched by a plurality of rollers; a drive unit that is connected to one of the plurality of rollers and drives the roller; a plurality of belt velocity detectors that are arranged at a plurality of locations along a belt width direction perpendicular to a moving direction of the endless belt and detect conveyance velocities of the endless belt; and a belt-inclination calculating unit that calculates an inclination of the endless belt in the moving direction from a difference between conveyance velocities of the endless belt detected by the plurality of belt velocity detectors.

Abstract: A sheet length measuring device includes a rotating body configured to rotate with a movement of a sheet in a conveying direction; a position detecting unit configured to detect leading and trailing ends of the sheet passing through a position of the rotating body; a measuring unit configured to measure a rotation amount of the rotating body and output an origin signal per one revolution of the rotating body; a storage unit configured to store changes of a sheet conveying amount with respect to respective rotation angles in one revolution of the rotating body; and a calculating unit configured to calculate a corrected length of the sheet from a value obtained from a rotation angle of the rotating body when the leading end of the sheet is detected and a value obtained from a rotation angle of the rotating body when the trailing end of the sheet is detected.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a first controller forms a first image pattern on an image bearer and determines a first image formation condition based on a detection result of density of a toner image. The first controller then controls a toner image forming device based on the first image formation condition. A second controller forms a second image pattern different from the first image pattern on an image bearer and determines a second image formation condition based on a detection result of density of a toner image. The second controller then controls a toner image forming device based on the second image formation condition.

Abstract: A drive control apparatus including a drive motor that transmits a rotation drive force to a rotation member in order to rotate the rotation member, a pulse signal outputting unit that outputs a pulse signal for each predetermined angle of rotation or a position for rotation of the rotation member, while the rotation member is rotating, a pulse cycle measuring unit that measures a pulse cycle of the pulse signal, where the pulse cycle is a cycle of a rising or falling edge, a computation processing unit that computes an angular error or a position error of the rotation member based on the pulse cycle and a desired pulse cycle, where the desired pulse cycle corresponds to a desired velocity of the rotation member and a drive control unit that controls the drive motor based on the angular error or the position error.

Abstract: A bookbinding system includes an image forming unit to form a toner image on a sheet; a fixing device to fix the toner image onto the sheet; a sheet stacker to load sheets passing through the fixing device, to create a sheet bundle, in which the sheet bundle stacked on the sheet stacker is adhered to produce a complete book; an adhesive toner image forming unit to form an adhesive toner image on an area corresponding to a spine of the complete book; and a heater to heat the unfixed adhesive toner image formed on each sheet of the sheet bundle stacked on the sheet stacker, wherein the adhesive toner image on the sheet stacked on the sheet stacker is the unfixed toner image.

Abstract: A belt driving controller includes a driving roller connected to a driving axis, a plurality of driven rollers, an endless belt provided to surround the driving roller and the driven rollers in a tensioned state, a motor connected to the driving axis via a reduction mechanism; a first detector provided near the driving axis and configured to detect a rotation angle of the driving axis, a second detector configured to detect a displacement of the endless belt, and a control unit configured to control driving of the endless belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a movable member that moves cyclically in synchronization with an image forming process and a position detector. The position detector includes a scale, an image sensor, a signal processor, and a position computing unit. The scale is attached to the movable member and includes a plurality of optical marks formed in line at a substantially constant interval. The image sensor captures data relating to at least one optical mark at a time. The signal processor computes a coordinate of the optical mark with respect to a reference position. The position computing unit computes a distance traveled by the optical mark based on a number of the optical marks that pass the reference position and the coordinate of the optical mark with respect to the reference position.

Abstract: A linear drive ultrasonic motor includes at least an ultrasonic vibrator having a piezoelectric element, a driven member which is driven relatively by a frictional force between the ultrasonic vibrator and the driven member, a plurality of coupling members which are coupled with the driven member, a frame body which is coupled with the coupling member, a bias applying member which applies a bias to the driven member by the ultrasonic vibrator, a base member which movably supports the driven member, and a rolling member having a spherical shape which movably supports the driven member with respect to the base member. The plurality of coupling members include a positioning portion which determines a position of the respective frame body, and which have a shape which enables to fix by a point contact, sandwiching the frame body.

Abstract: There is provided a method of driving an ultrasonic motor configured so that two alternating voltages having a predetermined difference between respective phases and having predetermined drive frequencies are applied to a laminated piezoelectric body that has driving parts abutting a member to be driven, whereby simultaneous excitation of vertical and bending vibrations and hence excitation of an elliptical vibration occur in the piezoelectric body, and the driving parts receiving drive force from the elliptical vibration drive the driven member. The method includes performing wear particle removal drive at a fixed frequency during regular reciprocal drive so as to intermittently interrupt the regular drive, the regular drive being such that the driving parts repeatedly reciprocally drive the driven member within a predetermined range, and the wear particle removal drive being such that the driving parts reciprocally drive the driven member within a removal drive range wider than the predetermined range.

Abstract: A belt meandering preventing device includes a belt displacement detection unit detecting the amount of displacement in a belt width direction of an endless belt rotatably stretched over support parts; and a belt meandering correction unit correcting the displacement in the belt width direction of the endless belt based on the amount of displacement detected by the belt displacement detection unit. The belt displacement detection unit includes a moving part moving in association with the displacement of the endless belt or an edge of the endless belt in the belt width direction and optical sensors outputting signals with output levels corresponding to the proportions of the moving part in optical paths of the optical sensors. The optical sensors are arranged such that the output levels of the optical sensors change as the endless belt is displaced in the belt width direction in a predetermined high-resolution detection range.