Abstract: A method for preparing a nitrate ester is provided. The method includes providing a first solution including a compound (which has at least one hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms; providing a second solution including nitric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid; and transferring the first solution and the second solution to a microreactor, obtaining a nitrate ester after a residence time. In particular, the ratio of the weight of nitric acid to the total volume of the acetic anhydride and acetic acid is 1:1 to 1:3.5. The ratio of the molar amount of nitric acid to the hydroxyl group equivalent of the compound is from 1:1 to 15:1.

Abstract: A method for preparing a nitrate ester is provided. The method includes providing a first solution including a compound (which has at least one hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms; providing a second solution including nitric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid; and transferring the first solution and the second solution to a microreactor, obtaining a nitrate ester after a residence time. In particular, the ratio of the weight of nitric acid to the total volume of the acetic anhydride and acetic acid is 1:1 to 1:3.5. The ratio of the molar amount of nitric acid to the hydroxyl group equivalent of the compound is from 1:1 to 15:1.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently single bond, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently single bond, —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: An optical device is provided, which includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a liquid-crystal material disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The liquid-crystal material includes a photo responsive material with a chemical structure of: wherein A1 is A2 and A3 are independently X is halogen. R is H, C1-12 alkyl group, or C1-12 alkoxy group. R? is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided, which includes an electrode pattern on a substrate, and a liquid-crystal material on the electrode pattern. The electrode pattern includes a plurality of concentric ring electrodes surrounding an innermost electrode. Each of the concentric ring electrodes has an opening. A first trace extends from a first electrode out of an outermost concentric ring electrode to the innermost electrode. The first trace has greater resistance than the concentric ring electrodes and the innermost electrode. A second trace connecting the innermost electrode and a second electrode out of the outermost concentric ring electrode through the openings. The liquid-crystal material includes a liquid-crystal compound with a chemical structure of wherein R is C4-10 alkyl group, n=1 or 2, and each of X is independently H or F.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently single bond, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently single bond, —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3, and A4 are independently Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: An optical device is provided, which includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a liquid-crystal material disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The liquid-crystal material includes a photo responsive material with a chemical structure of: wherein A1 is A2 and A3 are independently X is halogen. R is H, C1-12 alkyl group, or C1-12 alkoxy group. R? is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: Organic metal compounds, organic light-emitting devices, and lighting devices employing the same are provided. The organic metal compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula (I): wherein M is Ir, Pt, Ru, Os, Cu, Au, or Pd; n is 1, 2, or 3; m is 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of m and n is equal to a valence of M; L is a bidentate ligand; R1 is hydrogen, C1-9 alkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; each of R2 is independent and can be hydrogen, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; R3 is halogen; and, R4 and R5 are independently the same or different hydrogen, hydroxyl group, amine group, alkyl amine group, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, having a general formula as Formula 1. In Formula 1, each of L1, L2, L3, and L4, being same or different, is hydrogen, halogen, or cyano group. Each of R1 and R2, being same or different, is hydrogen, halogen, C1-12 alkyl group, C1-12 alkoxy group, C1-12 haloalkyl group, C2-12 alkenyl group, C2-12 ether group, or C2-12 alkynyl group. Each of A1 and A2, being same or different, is benzene, cyclohexane, or cyclohexene. Z1 is —CF2O—, or —OCF2—, and Z2 is —CF2O—, or —OCF2—.

Abstract: Organic metal compounds, organic light-emitting devices, and lighting devices employing the same are provided. The organic metal compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula (I): , wherein M is Ir, Pt, Ru, Os, Cu, Au, or Pd; n is 1, 2, or 3; m is 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of m and n is equal to a valence of M; L is a bidentate ligand; R1 is hydrogen, C1-9 alkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; each of R2 is independent and can be hydrogen, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; R3 is halogen; and, R4 and R5 are independently the same or different hydrogen, hydroxyl group, amine group, alkyl amine group, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, having a general formula as Formula 1. In Formula 1, each of L1, L2, L3, and L4, being same or different, is hydrogen, halogen, or cyano group. Each of R1 and R2, being same or different, is hydrogen, halogen, C1-12 alkyl group, C1-12 alkoxy group, C1-12 haloalkyl group, C2-12 alkenyl group, C2-12 ether group, or C2-12 alkynyl group. Each of A1 and A2, being same or different, is benzene, cyclohexane, or cyclohexene. Z1 is —CF2O—, or —OCF2—, and Z2 is —CF2O—, or —OCF2—.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid-crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, having the chemical formula: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are independently selected from cyclohexyl group, cyclohexenyl group, or phenyl group; L1 and L2 are independently selected from H or F; R is selected from H, F, Cl, C1-10 alkyl group, C1-10 alkenyl group, C1-10 alkoxy group, or C1-10 ether group; Y is fluorinated methyl group; m and n are independently selected from an integer of 0-2; and 1?m+n?3.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a liquid crystal display is provided. The liquid crystal display includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate opposite to the upper substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a first chiral compound and a second chiral compound, and the first chiral compound and the second chiral compound are enantiomeric and separated from each other.

Abstract: An embodiment of the disclosure provides a liquid crystal compound having the following formula: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, thiocyanato, or —OCF3; R1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, C1-C12 haloalkly, C2-C12 alkenyl, or C2-C12 alkynyl; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkly, cyano, thiocyanato, or —OCF3; and Z is a single bond, —O—, —CH2O—, —C(O)O—, —OCO—, —C(O)NH—, or —CH?CH—. In another embodiment, a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal compound is also provided.

Abstract: The invention discloses a reflective liquid crystal material formulation, wherein a liquid crystal component of high dielectric anisotropy is employed to lower the driving voltage. By modulating the addition ratio of the high dielectric anisotropy components, reflective liquid crystal compositions of different reflective colors can be driven by a single driving voltage. The invention also provides a reflective bistable display using the above formulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid-crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, having the chemical formula: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are independently selected from cyclohexyl group, cyclohexenyl group, or phenyl group; L1 and L2 are independently selected from H or F; R is selected from H, F, Cl, C1-10 alkyl group, C1-10 alkenyl group, C1-10 alkoxy group, or C1-10 ether group; Y is fluorinated methyl group; m and n are independently selected from an integer of 0-2; and 1?m+n?3.

Abstract: A method of recycling a cholesteric liquid crystal is provided. The method includes providing a display medium material containing a micro-encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystal. The display medium material is mixed with a hydrophilic solvent to form a mixture having a temperature of between 70° C. and 100° C. Then, a hydrophobic solvent is added to mix with the hydrophilic solvent. The display medium material, the hydrophobic solvent and the hydrophilic solvent are mixed to form a mixture having a hydrophobic layer and a hydrophilic layer. The hydrophobic layer and the hydrophilic layer of the mixture are separated, wherein the hydrophobic layer contains a cholesteric liquid crystal and the hydrophobic solvent. Then, the hydrophobic solvent is removed from the hydrophobic layer to obtain the cholesteric liquid crystal.

Abstract: A method of reusing micro-encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals is provided. The method includes providing a display medium material containing a micro-encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystal and a dispersant. The display medium material is mixed with a solvent to form a mixture having a temperature of between 40° C. and 60° C. A centrifugal process is performed to the mixture for separating the micro-encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystal and the dispersant. Then, the dispersant and the solvent are removed to obtain the micro-encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystal.

Abstract: A chiral compound of formula (I) or (II) is provided, wherein each of R1 and R2 independently, is hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, amino, nitrile, C1-10 alkyl, or C1-10 alkoxyl. A liquid crystal composition comprising 80-99.5 parts by weight of a liquid crystal host; and 0.5-20 parts by weight of the chiral compound as described above is also provided.