Abstract: A plasma display panel is provided which is capable of improving efficiency of light emission and of achieving a stable operation with a driving margin being kept wide by keeping a discharge initiating voltage low and by maintaining an erroneous discharge voltage high. Each of first electrode portions of transparent electrodes formed on a first substrate forms a clearance being smaller than a width of each of partition walls on each of the partition walls formed between discharge cells being adjacent to each other in a row direction on a screen. Each of second electrode portions is formed apart from each of the partition walls. Each of third electrode portions is so constructed that its width in the row direction on the screen is smaller than that of each of second electrode portions.

Abstract: An image input section enters a document image including a bar code, and converts the document image into a binary image. A small pattern removing section removes small patterns from a binary image sent from the input section. A labeling section separates the binary image into labeled regions and calculates the feature quantity including a center position of each labeled region. A region detecting section makes a group of labeled regions spaced at a predetermined positional relationship based on their feature quantities and detects a bar code candidate region. A decoding section decodes the bar code based on the feature quantity involved in the bar code candidate region.

Abstract: A diesel engine having cylinders disposed in a V shape is constructed as compact as possible so that it can be adapted to either vertical and horizontal use without changing many parts. To this end, intake and exhaust cams and a fuel injection pump driving cam are disposed on a single camshaft to thereby obviate the necessity of a plurality of camshafts. In addition, a fuel pump, which has conventionally been disposed in a separate fuel injection pump case outside a cylinder block, is disposed inside the cylinder block. Furthermore, a fuel injection nozzle is disposed on an inner side of a pushrod and the pushrod and fuel injection nozzle are disposed between the cylinders, whereby a compact construction is obtained. Moreover, a governor device and a fuel injection pump are disposed on a side opposite to a crankshaft of the camshaft.

Abstract: A picture processing apparatus is composed of an infrared ray sensor for producing an infrared picture in which a heat distribution of a measured area is recorded, a picture processing section for processing the infrared picture to extract pieces of personal characteristic data and environmental characteristic data from the infrared picture, and a picture information detecting section composed of a neural network for detecting pieces of personal information and environmental information according to the characteristic data. To be concrete, one or more human-areas respectively recording one or more persons are picked out from the infrared picture, and representative points of the human-areas, the number of human-areas, the number of pixels in each of the human-areas and shapes of the human-areas are extracted as the personal characteristic data.

Abstract: A pattern classification system includes a plurality of classification sections. Each of the classification sections includes a device for storing information of N coefficients W representing a reference pattern, a device for calculating an evaluation value V on the basis of N input signals S and the N coefficients W, the N input signals representing an input pattern, the evaluation value V representing a relation between the input pattern and the reference pattern, a device for storing information of a fixed threshold value R, and a device for comparing the evaluation value V and the threshold value R and for outputting an estimation signal depending on a result of the comparing, the estimation signal including a category signal P which represents a category. A selection section is operative for selecting one of categories in response to the category signals outputted from the classification sections and for outputting a signal Px representing the selected one of the categories.

Abstract: This invention rapidly and surely joins sheet bars to each other for continuously hot rolling in a high productivity by a combination of a treatment that the front end portion and the back end portion of these sheet bars are contacted and heated at such a contact region by applying alternating magnetic fields so as to pass in a thickness direction of the sheet bar with a treatment of pushing at least one of these sheet bars.

Abstract: A pattern classification system includes a plurality of classification sections. Each of the classification sections includes a device for storing information of N coefficients W representing a reference pattern, a device for calculating an evaluation value V on the basis of N input signals S and the N coefficients W, the N input signals representing an input pattern, the evaluation value V representing a relation between the input pattern and the reference pattern, a device for storing information of a fixed threshold value R, and a device for comparing the evaluation value V and the threshold value R and for outputting an estimation signal depending on a result of the comparing, the estimation signal including a category signal P which represents a category. A selection section is operative for selecting one of categories in response to the category signals outputted from the classification sections and for outputting a signal Px representing the selected one of the categories.

Abstract: In this invention, a back end portion of a preceding sheet bar and a front end of a succeeding sheet bar are cut in a transfer line at an entrance side of a finish rolling mill so that at least both side edge regions of these sheet bars are contacted with each other at a butted contact state thereof and a gap is formed between both end portions and then portions to be joined int he preceding and succeeding sheet bars are locally heated and pushed to join them while gradually enlarging a joining area, whereby the required time is largely reduced as compared with the conventional technique and also it is attempted to miniaturize the heating apparatus and shorten the length of the apparatus.

Abstract: An artificial neural function circuit includes an organic thin film element having a resistance state which changes in dependence on an electrical signal inputted thereto and exhibits information processing function similar to that of a nervous system. The organic thin film element has such physical properties that the changed resistance state is held as it is at least for a predetermined time period even after removal of the electric input signal and that the direction in which the resistance is increased or decreased depends on the polarity of the electric input signal. As an example of such organic thin film, a lead phthalocyanine thin film is employed.

Abstract: An automatic adjusting apparatus for adjusting equipment which comprises an adjustment state detecting section and a processing section. The detecting section detects an adjustment state of the equipment so as to output one or a plurality of adjustment state indexes on the basis of the detected adjustment state and the processing section performs the process on the basis of the adjustment state index to adjust the equipment. The processing section is equipped with an adjustment state evaluation section for calculating and outputting, on the basis of the adjustment state index, an adjustment evaluation value and an adjustment amount calculation section for calculating, on the basis of the adjustment state index, adjustment amounts for one or a plurality of portions of the equipment. Also included in the processing section is an adjustment control section for selecting, on the basis of the adjustment evaluation value, an adjustment amount from the outputs of the calculation section.

Abstract: A coloring device includes an image sampling device for sampling an input signal block representing a group of n.times.

Abstract: A color correction apparatus for use in an apparatus such as a color copier for operating on data obtained by scanning and color analysis of a source image to obtain color density data for use in printing a copy of the source image, the correction apparatus containing a neural network. Parameter values of the neural network are established by repetitive computations based on amounts of difference between color density data previously used to print a plurality of color samples and color density data produced by the neural network in response to color analysis data obtained by analyzing these color samples.

Abstract: An apparatus for printing signal correction and printer operation control, for use in applications such as color copiers, utilizes a neural network to convert input image signals, derived for example by scanning and analyzing an original image, into printing density signals which are supplied to a printer. In addition, a detection signal expressing at least one internal environmental condition of the printer, such as temperature, is inputted to the neural network, so that the output printing density signals are automatically compensated for changes in internal environment of the printer.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating the cube root of a number has: a first memory for initially storing a cube root extraction number from which the cube root is to be extracted; a second memory for initially storing a first number which is predetermined based on said cube root extraction number; a third memory for initially storing a second predetermined number; a fourth memory for initially storing a third predetermined number; and a fifth memory for storing a number. The relation in size between the number stored in the first memory and the number stored in the second memory is judged. When the number stored in the first memory is not smaller than the number stored in the second memory, the number stored in the second memory from the number stored in the first memory, a number generated from the number stored in the third memory is added to the number stored in the second memory means, and a fourth predetermined number is added to the number stored in the fifth memory.

Abstract: A data compression and recovery apparatus compresses picture element data of a color image by expressing two primary color values of each picture element as a set of parameter values of a neural network in conjunction with reference color data values of a corresponding block of picture elements. Date recovery is achieved by inputting each block of reference color values to a neural network while establishing the corresponding set of parameter values in the network, to thereby obtain the original pair of encoded primary color values for each of successive picture elements. The third primary color can be used as the reference color.

Abstract: Molten metal is prevented from cooling too quickly when supplied to an injection sleeve of a casting device by applying a heat insulating powder onto an inner surface of the injection sleeve between each supply of molten metal. The heat insulating powder can be applied to the inner surface of the injection sleeve by way of an electrostatic field created between an electrode which has been inserted into the injection sleeve and the injection sleeve itself.

Abstract: An electronic translator comprises a memory circuit for storing words which is removable from the translator, an attachment connectable to the translator, and a coupling device permitting either the memory circuit or the attachment to be connected to the translator. The coupling device is provided within the translator. The attachment may be a printer or an audible sound generator.