Abstract: An electronic translator comprises an input device for entering one or more first words, a memory device for storing second words equivalent to the first words, an access device for addressing the memory device to cause retrieval of second words equivalent to the input first words, the access means maintaining the order of the second words identical to that of the input first words, and an indicating device responsive to the access device for indicating this kind of order of the second words.

Abstract: A glass laser amplifier having a number of trigger members comprising a number of flash lamps capable of emitting light to pump a laser glass arranged around said laser glass, a number of reflection mirrors for reflecting light from each of said flash lamps against said laser glass, and a number of trigger members each arranged at a side of a flash lamp opposite the reflection mirror with the flash lamp being held therebetween. Deflection of electric current in the flash lamp by the reflection mirrors is eliminated, and local heating of the inner wall of the flash lamp is prevented by the efficient elimination of the current deflection, resulting in an extensive life of the entire assembly.

Abstract: An electronic translator is provided in which any of a plurality of groups of words, such as sentences, idioms and phrases can be translated from a first language into a second language in response to the input of a single word from one or more of the groups of words in the first language. An additional word can be entered in some embodiments so as to function in the same manner as the single word. At least two types of memories are provided for storing data representing each of the groups of words and their translated equivalents respectively. A detection circuit is provided for detecting whether the single word is equivalent to a word in any of the groups of words retrieved from one of the memories. An address circuit is provided for addressing each of the two memories so as to cause retrieval of the groups of words and their equivalent translated words.

Abstract: To overcome the tendency of the recording head of a dot printer to become inoperative in a range below a threshold level, a gray scale input signal is modulated with an oscillating signal so that the modulated signal oscillates above and below the threshold level to reproduce halftone values below the otherwise inoperative range.

Abstract: An electronic translator in which a first word or words represented in a first language are entered to obtain a second word or words represented in a second language but equivalent in meaning to the first word or words, comprises an input device for entering the first word or words, a memory for storing the second word or words, an access device for addressing the memory to cause retrieval of the second words or words corresponding in meaning to said first word or words, a detection device for detecting the kinds of the first language and the second language, and a display responsive to the detection device for displaying the kinds of the first language and the second language, the display means further displaying the second words or words.

Abstract: A word information retrieval system in an electronic dictionary and language interpreter comprises an address controller for developing an initial address code number associated with character information designating at least a leading character of a desired word entered by an input device. An address counter is responsive to the address controller for addressing a memory circuit according to the initial address code number. The memory circuit contains a great number of bits of code information representing translated words equivalent to the entered word. A comparison circuit is provided for determining the equivalency between the entered word and one of the translated words obtained from the memory circuit.

Abstract: A portable word information storage apparatus comprises an input device for entering a partial word in a specific language, the partial word containing at least one character and at least one blank character, a memory device for storing a plurality of full-length words in the same specific language and a plurality of translations corresponding thereto, an addressing device for addressing the memory device, a coincidence device for determining the partial coincidence between the partial word and the full-length word, and a driving device for driving two displays, whereby a pair of one full-length word and one translation thereof are respectively displayed in the two displays. The partial word may contain two or more blank characters wherein a couple of one total word and one translation thereof are successively examined and determined, and then displayed.

Abstract: A repeatedly operable timer is adapted such that preselected time information is reloaded automatically upon lapse of that preselected time information. There are provided an input unit for introduction of preselectable time information, a first and a second storages for storing the same preselectable time information introduced, a subtractor effecting subtraction at a given interval on the time information stored in the first storage, a detector which detects if the time information in the first storage reaches zero as a result of the subtraction, and a control which permits the time information in the second storage to be transferred into the first storage in response to the output of the zero detector.

Abstract: An electronic timepiece with a digital display includes a timekeeping circuit which stores the present time in a specific geographical region A, a keyboard adapted to introduce a time difference between two geographical regions A and B, and a calculation circuit which executes a time zone change operation by means of the contents of the timekeeping circuit and the time difference introduced via the keyboard, thereby loading the timekeeping circuit with the results of the time zone change operation instead of the previously stored horological information. When one desires to obtain a time zone change in another region C, the time difference is introduced into the timekeeping circuit storing the present time in the time zone B.

Abstract: A new and effective combination is disclosed wherein both a calculator and an electronically tuning radio receiver are governed by common control circuitry and a microprocessor implements the major portion of the calculator and also implements or governs the electronically tuning radio receiver and a digital timekeeper. For example, it is possible for the operator to listen to a radio program of a desired frequency and continue operating the calculator whenever he likes, while the calculator is in use. If the radio receiver is provided with a time switch function, then it is possible to obtain on-time information and immediately execute calculations on the one-time information obtained, thus enhanceing maneuverability.

Abstract: Light beams scans patterns of a subject copy, being reflected therefrom, and being converted into pulsating electrical signals. Color borders between two different colored patterns are detected based on the pulsating signals. On the other hand, a color of a predetermined scanned line following each of the color borders is sensed for determining the sensed color as a color between the adjacent color borders.

Abstract: A color print painted with different colors C.sub.i (i = 1, 2 . . . n) is scanned by a color scanner along a plurality of successive line paths to generate a set of electrical signals each representing the intensity of the spectral components of the light reflected from an elemental area of the print. A macroscopic color separator is provided to generate a set of electrical signals each representing the average spectral intensities per unit area of the print. A data processor is used to compute the probability P(C.sub.i) from the data obtained from the macroscopic color separator and a set of mean spectral intensities exhibited by the color samples with which the print is painted by artisans. In accordance with the Bayes' Rule, the processor then executes computation of the product of P(C.sub.

Abstract: An ink ejection system of the invention includes an electrical circuit generating sinusoidal wave pulses and a liquid applying unit operable to discharge the liquid in pulsed jets in response to the sinusoidal wave pulses. The circuit comprises means for generating a sinusoidal signal of constant amplitude and frequency higher than the highest instantaneous frequency of a video signal, and means for modulating the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal in accordance with the video signal to generate a signal containing no harmonic components.

Abstract: A colored original which is painted with a plurality of predetermined colors is scanned along each of a plurality of line paths each of which can be divided into one or more colored line segments. Encoders are provided to characterize each of the line segments by a corresponding first code representing the color of the segment and a second code representing the run length of the segment. The first and second codes are sequentially recorded in a data file memory. The recorded information is repeatedly retrieved from the memory and transferred to a shift register. Line segments carrying the same color within each line path are detected by comparing the corresponding first code with a specified code. The second code is sequentially decoded into run lengths which are accumulated to measure the position of color transitions relative to the colored original. A video signal is generated upon occurrence of coincidence between the first code and the specified code.

Abstract: A transmitter for a facsimile system of run-length type, which comprises a facsimile signal generator, a pulse generator for producing a sampling pulse train, a sampler for sampling each of the space and mark signals with the sampling pulse train, and a coder for converting the sampled space and mark signals into successive binary code signals, the coder including at least two counters and means for selectively operating the two counters.