Abstract: A method for history matching a reservoir model based on actual production data from the reservoir over time generates an ensemble of reservoir models using geological data representing petrophysical properties of a subterranean reservoir. Production data corresponding to a particular time instance is acquired from the subterranean reservoir. Normal score transformation is performed on the ensemble and on the acquired production data to transform respective original distributions into normal distributions. The generated ensemble is updated based on the transformed acquired production data using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). The updated generated ensemble and the transformed acquired production data are transformed back to respective original distributions. Future reservoir behavior is predicted based on the updated ensemble.

Abstract: A traction battery pack venting system includes a plurality of battery arrays within a traction battery pack. The battery arrays each have a plurality of individual battery cells. The system further includes a divider system that provides a plurality of vented gas receiving compartments. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments are separate and distinct from the other vented gas receiving compartments within the plurality of vented gas receiving compartments. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments are associated with one of the battery arrays. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments can be associated with a manifold. The vent gas produced from thermal runaway can be discharged to the vented gas receiving compartments, directed to a manifold, and discharge to the external atmosphere.

Abstract: Traction battery pack designs for use in electrified vehicles may include a vent management system adapted for managing battery cell vent byproducts during battery thermal events. The vent management system includes a multi-layered structure, with each layer of the structure having a unique function related to mitigating thermal propagation. The combined functions of the vent management system may include but are not limited to guiding vent byproducts along a desired path and direction, reducing the internal volume of the traction battery pack, and absorbing/trapping solid particles of the vent byproducts.

Abstract: A traction battery pack venting system includes a plurality of battery arrays within a traction battery pack. The battery arrays each have a plurality of individual battery cells. The system further includes a divider system that provides a plurality of vented gas receiving compartments. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments are separate and distinct from the other vented gas receiving compartments within the plurality of vented gas receiving compartments. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments are associated with one of the battery arrays. Each of the vented gas receiving compartments can be associated with a manifold. The vent gas produced from thermal runaway can be discharged to the vented gas receiving compartments, directed to a manifold, and discharge to the external atmosphere.

Abstract: A system for cooling a traction battery includes a battery inlet housing having first and second inlets. A first duct is coupled to the first inlet, and a second duct is coupled to the second inlet. A flow guide vane is disposed within the battery inlet housing adjacent to the first inlet. The flow guide vane is positioned to redirect flow from the first duct to mix with flow from the second duct.

Abstract: An example battery pack spacer includes a base and at least one rib extending laterally from the base. The rib is configured to turn flow of a coolant through a battery pack.

Abstract: A traction battery assembly includes a battery array with a plurality of stacked cells and a serpentine heat exchanger. The heat exchanger defines passageways for coolant to flow therethrough. The heat exchanger is interleaved with the cells such that opposite sides of each of the cells are in contact with the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A battery assembly includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array. The array has first and second longitudinal sides and a plurality of spacers interleaved with the cells to create an air gap between adjacent cells to allow air circulation between the cells. An inlet manifold is disposed on the first longitudinal side and includes an inlet arranged such that air flows into the manifold in a direction substantially parallel to the first longitudinal side. A plate is disposed within the manifold and extends along the first longitudinal side. The plate has a proximal end near the inlet and a distal end. The plate has openings that each define a pass-through area that allows the air to circulate through the plate. The openings are arranged on the plate such that the plate has a larger pass-through area near the proximal end than near the distal end.

Abstract: A battery assembly includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array. The array has first and second longitudinal sides and a plurality of spacers interleaved with the cells to create an air gap between adjacent cells to allow air circulation between the cells. An inlet manifold is disposed on the first longitudinal side and includes an inlet arranged such that air flows into the manifold in a direction substantially parallel to the first longitudinal side. A plate is disposed within the manifold and extends along the first longitudinal side. The plate has a proximal end near the inlet and a distal end. The plate has openings that each define a pass-through area that allows the air to circulate through the plate. The openings are arranged on the plate such that the plate has a larger pass-through area near the proximal end than near the distal end.

Abstract: A vehicle traction battery cell retainer includes a sidewall defining a plurality of windows each surrounded by a window flange extending therefrom, a top channel extending from the sidewall and terminating in a top flange, and a bottom channel extending from the retainer sidewall, defining a plurality of air bypass windows, and terminating in a bottom flange, the top and bottom flanges arranged for interlocking with an adjacent retainer of the traction battery. A vehicle traction battery assembly includes first and second adjacent battery cell arrays each having associated first and second retainers having a sidewall defining air flow windows and integrated top and bottom channels formed of unitary construction with interlocking flanges to couple the first and second arrays.

Abstract: A high voltage battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells stacked in an array. The array is covered on its ends by a pair of opposing end plates, and is covered on its sides by a pair of opposing sidewalls. The sidewalls partially cover upper surfaces of the battery cells. Internal channels provide gaps between the sides of the battery cells and the interior surfaces of the sidewalls. An external channel is vertically spaced from the internal channel and is defined by the exterior surfaces of the sidewalls. Brackets secure the end plates to the sidewalls by at least partially extending into the external channels of the sidewalls.

Abstract: A traction battery assembly for a vehicle is provided. The traction battery assembly may include a plurality of battery cells and a thermal plate positioned beneath the battery cells. The thermal plate may be configured for thermal communication with the plurality of battery cells. The thermal plate may define a plurality of multi-pass channel configurations, each corresponding to one of the battery cells. The multi-pass channel configurations may each include a channel inlet and channel outlet on opposite side portions of the thermal plate. The multi-pass channel configurations may each be configured to direct thermal fluid flowing therein to an outlet port of the thermal plate without directing fluid to the channel inlet of another channel configuration.

Abstract: A high voltage battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells stacked in an array. The array is covered on its ends by a pair of opposing end plates, and is covered on its sides by a pair of opposing sidewalls. The sidewalls partially cover upper surfaces of the battery cells. Internal channels provide gaps between the sides of the battery cells and the interior surfaces of the sidewalls. An external channel is vertically spaced from the internal channel and is defined by the exterior surfaces of the sidewalls. Brackets secure the end plates to the sidewalls by at least partially extending into the external channels of the sidewalls.

Abstract: A high voltage battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells stacked in an array. The array is covered on its ends by a pair of opposing end plates, and is covered on its sides by a pair of opposing sidewalls. The sidewalls partially cover upper surfaces of the battery cells. Internal channels provide gaps between the sides of the battery cells and the interior surfaces of the sidewalls. An external channel is vertically spaced from the internal channel and is defined by the exterior surfaces of the sidewalls. Brackets secure the end plates to the sidewalls by at least partially extending into the external channels of the sidewalls.

Abstract: A vehicle traction battery cell retainer includes a sidewall defining a plurality of windows each surrounded by a window flange extending therefrom, a top channel extending from the sidewall and terminating in a top flange, and a bottom channel extending from the retainer sidewall, defining a plurality of air bypass windows, and terminating in a bottom flange, the top and bottom flanges arranged for interlocking with an adjacent retainer of the traction battery. A vehicle traction battery assembly includes first and second adjacent battery cell arrays each having associated first and second retainers having a sidewall defining air flow windows and integrated top and bottom channels formed of unitary construction with interlocking flanges to couple the first and second arrays.

Abstract: A traction battery assembly for a vehicle is provided. The traction battery assembly may include a plurality of battery cells and a thermal plate positioned beneath the battery cells. The thermal plate may be configured for thermal communication with the plurality of battery cells. The thermal plate may define a plurality of multi-pass channel configurations, each corresponding to one of the battery cells. The multi-pass channel configurations may each include a channel inlet and channel outlet on opposite side portions of the thermal plate. The multi-pass channel configurations may each be configured to direct thermal fluid flowing therein to an outlet port of the thermal plate without directing fluid to the channel inlet of another channel configuration.

Abstract: An example battery pack spacer includes a base and at least one rib extending laterally from the base. The rib is configured to turn flow of a coolant through a battery pack.

Abstract: A traction battery assembly includes a battery array with a plurality of stacked cells and a serpentine heat exchanger. The heat exchanger defines passageways for coolant to flow therethrough. The heat exchanger is interleaved with the cells such that opposite sides of each of the cells are in contact with the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided including a battery module, a DC/DC converter module portioned from the battery module, a duct, one blower, and a jumper duct. The battery module includes inlet and outlet ports. The DC/DC converter module includes inlet and outlet ports. A duct is arranged to direct cooling air into each of the inlet ports. The blower is arranged to draw cooling air from the duct, through the modules, and out the outlet ports. The jumper duct is arranged up stream of the blower with the converter outlet port, and configured to reduce an effective cross sectional area of the converter outlet port to define a flow rate of the cooling air into the battery inlet port.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided including a battery module, a DC/DC converter module portioned from the battery module, a duct, one blower, and a jumper duct. The battery module includes inlet and outlet ports. The DC/DC converter module includes inlet and outlet ports. A duct is arranged to direct cooling air into each of the inlet ports. The blower is arranged to draw cooling air from the duct, through the modules, and out the outlet ports. The jumper duct is arranged up stream of the blower with the converter outlet port, and configured to reduce an effective cross sectional area of the converter outlet port to define a flow rate of the cooling air into the battery inlet port.