Abstract: Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining.

Abstract: The invention proposes a system for measuring a resonance frequency of a tube. The system comprises: an oscillating unit for oscillating the tube at a plurality of oscillation frequencies, respectively; a detecting unit for detecting a time delay of transmitting a pressure pulse from a first position to a second position in the tube when the tube is oscillated at each oscillation frequency, wherein, when the tube is oscillated at each oscillation frequency in a specific oscillation frequency range of the plurality of oscillation frequencies, the detecting unit detects a variation of the time delay a determining unit for determining a maximal variation of the time delay when the tube is oscillated at the oscillation frequencies in the specific oscillation frequency range; and an indicating unit for indicating an oscillation frequency corresponding to the maximal variation of the time delay, being a resonance frequency of the tube.

Abstract: The invention proposes a system for measuring a resonance frequency of a tube. The system comprises: an oscillating unit (21) for oscillating the tube at a plurality of oscillation frequencies, respectively; a detecting unit (22) for detecting a time delay of transmitting a pressure pulse from a first position to a second position in the tube when the tube is oscillated at each oscillation frequency, wherein, when the tube is oscillated at each oscillation frequency in a specific oscillation frequency range of the plurality of oscillation frequencies, the detecting unit (22) detects a variation of the time delay—a determining unit (23) for determining a maximal variation of the time delay when the tube is oscillated at the oscillation frequencies in the specific oscillation frequency range; and—an indicating unit (24) for indicating an oscillation frequency corresponding to the maximal variation of the time delay, being a resonance frequency of the tube.

Abstract: In an approach for managing a user interface a computer identifies a first user that is utilizing the user interface. The computer determines the identified first user is utilizing an aiming tool. The computer receives an input, the input including at least: an orientation of the aiming tool, wherein the orientation includes at least one of: a direction and a force to be applied upon release of the aiming tool. The computer calculates a trajectory from the aiming tool to a first location on the user interface based on the received input.

Abstract: A linkage mechanism includes a left wing having two left arms, two left supporting rods that are respectively formed on the left arms, and two left sliding rods that are respectively formed on the left arms, a right wing having two right arms, two right supporting rods that are respectively formed on the right arms, and two right connecting rods that are respectively formed on the right arms, and a hinge unit having two left hinge pins, two right hinge pins, two left hinge holes and two right holes. Each left hinge hole is formed in a respective left arm and is engaged with a respective right hinge pin. Each right hinge hole is formed in a respective right arm and is engaged with a respective left hinge pin.

Abstract: The loop material sewing method includes: sewing one end of a loop material on a fabric in a state where a front side of the loop material faces the fabric; arranging a fork member including a pair of fork pins so as to arrange the loop material between the pair of fork pins; folding an opposite end of the loop material to a back side of the loop material by rotating the fork member around an axial line parallel to an extending direction of the pair of fork pins; relatively moving the fabric and the fork member in a length direction of the loop material; arranging the folded opposite end on the fabric, pulling out the fork pins from a folded portion at the opposite end by moving the fork member in a width direction of the loop material and sewing the folded opposite end on the fabric.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an identity authentication method. The method includes: receiving a request for identity authentication on a target user; sending identity-authentication information on the target user to one or more users in social-network-association with the target user; receiving feedback information from the users in social-network-association with the target user based on the identity-authentication information; and obtaining a result of identity authentication on the target user according to the feedback information from the users in social-network-association with the target user.

Abstract: Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining.

Abstract: Holey fibers provide optical propagation. In various embodiments, a large core holey fiber comprises a cladding region formed by large holes arranged in few layers. The number of layers or rows of holes about the large core can be used to coarse tune the leakage losses of the fundamental and higher modes of a signal, thereby allowing the non-fundamental modes to be substantially eliminated by leakage over a given length of fiber. Fine tuning of leakage losses can be performed by adjusting the hole dimension and/or spacing to yield a desired operation with a desired leakage loss of the fundamental mode. Resulting holey fibers have a large hole dimension and spacing, and thus a large core, when compared to traditional fibers and conventional fibers that propagate a single mode. Other loss mechanisms, such as bend loss and modal spacing can be utilized for selected modes of operation of holey fibers.

Abstract: Embodiments of optical fiber may include cladding features that include a material (e.g., fluorine-doped silica glass) that may produce a very low relative refractive index difference with respect to cladding material in which the cladding features are disposed. This relative refractive index difference may be characterized by (n1?n2)/n1, where n1 is the index of refraction of the cladding material in which the cladding features are included, and n2 is the index of refraction of the cladding features. In certain embodiments, the relative refractive index difference may be less than about 4.5×10?3. In various embodiments, the configuration of the cladding features including, for example, the size and spacing of the cladding features, can be selected to provide for confinement of the fundamental mode yet leakage for the second mode and higher modes, which may provide mode filtering, single mode propagation, and/or low bend loss.

Abstract: An instant messaging message processing method is disclosed and includes: receiving, by a server, an instant messaging message, user account information of a destination user terminal, and user account information of a source user terminal from the source user terminal; determining, by the server, a risk level of the instant messaging message according to a preset rule and the user account information of the source user terminal; and if the risk level of the instant messaging message reaches a first risk level, transmitting, by the server when, the instant messaging message and preset pre-warning information to the destination user terminal according to the user account information of the destination user terminal, wherein the pre-warning information comprises security prompt information which is used for prompting a user of the destination user terminal to notice a security risk of the instant messaging message. An instant messaging message processing device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from simpler components and space frames or truss structures produced by the associated method. The various components, which may be made from virtually any material, are shaped in such a way so that they may be fitted together to create a space frame or truss structure. The components may be held together by any available attachment means, or by the interaction of the components themselves. The method and associated components allows for the assembly of three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from planar materials, significantly reducing cost and manufacturing time. These space frames or trusses can then be used as structural members, as the interior load-bearing portions of sandwich panels, or in any situation where high-strength and light weight are desirable.

Abstract: A linkage mechanism includes a left wing having two left arms, two left supporting rods that are respectively formed on the left arms, and two left sliding rods that are respectively formed on the left arms, a right wing having two right arms, two right supporting rods that are respectively formed on the right arms, and two right connecting rods that are respectively formed on the right arms, and a hinge unit having two left hinge pins, two right hinge pins, two left hinge holes and two right holes. Each left hinge hole is formed in a respective left arm and is engaged with a respective right hinge pin. Each right hinge hole is formed in a respective right arm and is engaged with a respective left hinge pin.

Abstract: Progress bar for visually indicating information about a corresponding ordered (for example), time ordered list of items (for example, clickable items representing social media posts). Some embodiments of the progress bar may include one, or more, of the following features: (i) different “interest/interaction statuses” corresponding to the list items; (ii) user interaction zones for jumping the displayed list of items to newly-created items and jumping back to a location in the list where the user was before jumping to the newly-created list items; and/or (iii) adjustable “density” progress bar icons that dynamically vary the number of list items corresponding to a single icon depending up the number of list items loaded to a mobile device.

Abstract: A method, system, and/or computer program product adjust values of a plurality of conditions. A processor receives a user input, which is a movement across a user interface. A tendency of the movement, which describes a direction and velocity of the movement, is determined. According to the tendency of the movement, a processor adjusts a value of at least one of the plurality of conditions by using a plurality of graphs representing the plurality of conditions, where the plurality of conditions describe search criteria, and where the user input describes the search criteria.

Abstract: A method, system, and/or computer program product adjust values of a plurality of conditions. A processor receives a user input, which is a movement across a user interface. A tendency of the movement, which describes a direction and velocity of the movement, is determined. According to the tendency of the movement, a processor adjusts a value of at least one of the plurality of conditions by using a plurality of graphs representing the plurality of conditions, where the plurality of conditions describe search criteria, where the user input describes the search criteria, and where the plurality of graphs representing the plurality of conditions have a common starting point and are radial.

Abstract: Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining.

Abstract: Holey fibers provide optical propagation. In various embodiments, a large core holey fiber comprises a cladding region formed by large holes arranged in few layers. The number of layers or rows of holes about the large core can be used to coarse tune the leakage losses of the fundamental and higher modes of a signal, thereby allowing the non-fundamental modes to be substantially eliminated by leakage over a given length of fiber. Fine tuning of leakage losses can be performed by adjusting the hole dimension and/or spacing to yield a desired operation with a desired leakage loss of the fundamental mode. Resulting holey fibers have a large hole dimension and spacing, and thus a large core, when compared to traditional fibers and conventional fibers that propagate a single mode. Other loss mechanisms, such as bend loss and modal spacing can be utilized for selected modes of operation of holey fibers.

Abstract: Embodiments of optical fiber may include cladding features that include a material (e.g., fluorine-doped silica glass) that may produce a very low relative refractive index difference with respect to cladding material in which the cladding features are disposed. This relative refractive index difference may be characterized by (n1-n2)/n1, where n1 is the index of refraction of the cladding material in which the cladding features are included, and n2 is the index of refraction of the cladding features. In certain embodiments, the relative refractive index difference may be less than about 4.5×10?3. In various embodiments, the configuration of the cladding features including, for example, the size and spacing of the cladding features, can be selected to provide for confinement of the fundamental mode yet leakage for the second mode and higher modes, which may provide mode filtering, single mode propagation, and/or low bend loss.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for the fermentation of a beverage by use of continuous flow is provided. The fermented beverage can be any of a wine, beer, mead, ale, soda, cider, or other. The invention provides for small-scale fermentation that can be done in a much shorter time than previous batch fermentations. The small-scale and shortened time allows for variables to be introduced and tested to produce new varieties, flavors, qualities, and other combinations that are inputs of the fermented beverage.