Abstract: An alloy member includes a base member that includes a recess in a surface of the base member and is constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, an anchor portion is disposed in the recess and contains an oxide containing manganese and a covering layer is connected to the anchor portion and contains a low-equilibrium oxygen pressure element whose equilibrium oxygen pressure is lower than that of chromium.

Abstract: A manifold includes a first manifold main body and a second manifold main body. The first manifold main body includes a first gas chamber configured to communicate with a first gas channel. The second manifold main body includes a second gas chamber configured to communicate with a second gas channel. The second manifold main body is disposed in the first manifold main body.

Abstract: An alloy member includes a base member that includes a recess in a surface of the base member and is constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, an anchor portion is disposed in the recess and contains an oxide containing manganese and a covering layer is connected to the anchor portion and contains a low-equilibrium oxygen pressure element whose equilibrium oxygen pressure is lower than that of chromium.

Abstract: An alloy member includes a base member that includes a recess in a surface of the base member and is constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, an anchor portion is disposed in the recess and contains an oxide containing manganese and a covering layer is connected to the anchor portion and contains a low-equilibrium oxygen pressure element whose equilibrium oxygen pressure is lower than that of chromium.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at an A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on a side opposite to the solid electrolyte layer, the second portion being located on the solid electrolyte layer side. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a main phase configured by a perovskite oxide including at least one of La or Sr at the A site and that is expressed by the general formula ABO3, and a secondary phase configured by strontium oxide. The occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the cathode is greater than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 3%.

Abstract: An alloy member includes a base member that includes a plurality of recesses in a surface and is constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, a plurality of embedded portions that are respectively disposed in the plurality of recesses, and a coating layer that covers the base member and is connected to the plurality of embedded portions. An average value of actual lengths of line segments of the plurality of embedded portions is longer than an average value of straight lengths of straight lines of the plurality of embedded portions in a cross-section of the base member along a thickness direction of the base member. The average value of the actual lengths is 1.10 times or more the average value of the lengths of the straight lines.

Abstract: A cell stack device includes a fuel cell, a first separator and a first bonding member. The fuel cell includes a solid electrolyte and a cathode that is provided on one surface of the solid electrolyte. The first separator includes a protrusion that protrudes towards the cathode. The first bonding member bonds the cathode and the first protrusion. The thickness of a first bonding member that is positioned on an outer peripheral portion is greater than the thickness of a first bonding member that is positioned at a central portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a porous support substrate and a power generation element portion. The support substrate includes at least one first gas channel and at least one second gas channel. The first gas channel extends from a first end portion toward a second end portion and is connected to a gas supply chamber. The second gas channel is connected to the first gas channel on the second end portion side. The second gas channel extends from the second end portion toward the first end portion and is connected to a gas collection chamber. A ratio (p0/L) of a pitch p0 of a first gas channel and a second gas channel that are adjacent to each other to a distance L between the power generation element portion and a first end surface of the support substrate located on the first end portion side is 3.3 or less.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of Sr and La at the A site as a main component. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface of the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region includes a main phase which is configured by the perovskite oxide and a second phase which is configured by Co3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a support substrate, at least one power generation element portion, at least one first gas channel, and at least one second gas channel. The power generation element portion is disposed on the support substrate. The first and second gas channels extend from a proximal end portion toward a distal end portion in the support substrate and are connected to each other at the distal end portion. The sum of a cross-sectional area of the at least one first gas channel is smaller than the sum of a cross-sectional area of the at least one second gas channel.

Abstract: A cell stack device includes a manifold and a fuel cell. The manifold includes a gas supply chamber and a gas collection chamber. The fuel cell includes a support substrate and a power generation element portion. The support substrate includes first and second gas channels. The first gas channel is connected to the gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the gas collection chamber. The first gas channel is open in the gas supply chamber at a proximal end portion. The second gas channel is open in the gas collection chamber at a proximal end portion. The first and second gas channels are connected to each other on the distal end portion side. The first and second gas channels are configured such that a pressure loss of gas in the first gas channel is smaller than a pressure loss of gas in the second gas channel.

Abstract: In a cell stack, each of the plurality of the electrochemical cells includes an alloy member, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer. The alloy member includes a base member constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, a coating film that covers at least a part of a surface of the base member, and a separation inhibiting portion that inhibits the coating film from separating from the base member. The number of the separation inhibiting portions included in the alloy member of the central electrochemical cell is larger than the number of the separation inhibiting portions included in the alloy member of the end electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A cell stack device includes a plurality of electrochemical cells, a manifold, a gas supply portion, and a gas collection portion. The manifold includes a gas supply chamber and a gas collection chamber that extend in a direction in which the electrochemical cells are arranged. A support substrate of an electrochemical cell includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected to the gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the gas collection chamber.

Abstract: A manifold includes first and second manifold main bodies. The first manifold main body includes a gas supply chamber that is connected to a first gas channel and the second manifold main body includes a gas collection chamber that is connected to a second gas channel. The first manifold main body includes a top plate, a first bottom plate, and a first side plate. The top plate includes a first through hole for connecting the first gas channel and the gas supply chamber. The second manifold main body includes the top plate, a second bottom plate, and a second side plate. The top plate also includes a second through hole for connecting the second gas channel and the gas collection chamber. The first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are constituted by members that are separate from each other.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase and a second phase. The main phase is configured with a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The second phase is configured with SrSO4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface on the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region has a main phase that is configured by a perovskite oxide, and a second phase that is configured by SrSO4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and contains at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The (Co, Fe)3O4 contained in the electrolyte layer-side region contains Co and Fe. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on the most upstream side in a flow direction of an oxidant gas that flows through a surface of the air electrode, the second portion being located on the most downstream side in the flow direction. A first ratio of a La concentration to a Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of a La concentration to a Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell stack includes an electrochemical cell disposed between a first separator and a second separator. The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The solid electrolyte layer, containing a zirconia-based material as a main component, has a downstream part and an upstream part. The downstream part is positioned on a downstream side in a flow direction of a fuel gas in a fuel flow passage between the anode and the first separator. The upstream part is positioned on an upstream side in the flow direction. The downstream part includes a first region within 3 ?m from an anode side surface, and a second region between the first region and the cathode. An intensity ratio of tetragonal zirconia to cubic zirconia in a Raman spectrum of the first region is greater than that of the second region.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack includes an electrochemical cell disposed between a first separator and a second separator. The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The solid electrolyte layer, containing a zirconia-based material as a main component, has an upstream part and a downstream part. The upstream part is positioned on the upstream side in the flow direction of a fuel gas in the fuel flow passage between the anode and the first separator. The downstream part is positioned on the downstream side in the flow direction. The upstream part includes a first region within 3 ?m from the anode side surface, and a second region provided on the first region. An intensity ratio of tetragonal zirconia to cubic zirconia in a Raman spectrum of the first region is greater than that of the second region.