Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase and a second phase. The main phase is configured with a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The second phase is configured with SrSO4 and (Co, Fe) 3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a fuel manifold and a fuel cell. The fuel cell extends from the fuel manifold. The fuel cell includes a support substrate and a plurality of electricity generating elements. The support substrate includes a gas flow pathway extending along a lengthwise direction. The plurality of electricity generating elements are disposed on the support substrate, while being disposed away from each other at intervals along the lengthwise direction. A base end-side electricity generating element disposed as gas supply-side endmost one of the plurality of electricity generating elements has an area greater than an average area of the plurality of electricity generating elements except for the base end-side electricity generating element.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell stack includes a first separator, a second separator, and an electrochemical cell disposed between the first separator and the second separator. The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode and contains zirconia-based material as a main component. The solid electrolyte layer has a downstream part and an upstream part. The downstream part is positioned on a downstream side in a flow direction of fuel gas which flows in a fuel flow passage between the anode and the first separator. The upstream part is positioned on a upstream side in the flow direction. The downstream part includes a first region within 3 ?m from a anode side surface, and a second region disposed between the first region and the cathode.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a perovskite oxide as a main component. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of La and Sr at the A site. The cathode includes a surface region that is within 5 micrometers from the surface opposite the solid electrolyte layer. The surface region contains a main phase configured by the perovskite oxide and a secondary phase that is configured by strontium oxide. The occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the surface region is greater than or equal to 0.05% to less than or equal to 3%.

Abstract: A plurality of insertion holes for inserting one end of each of a plurality of cells is formed on the surface of a support substrate. One end of each of the cells is loosely fitted in the corresponding insertion hole. A joining material is provided so as to fill at least a gap present between the inner wall of the insertion hole and the outer wall of the one end of the cell in each joining portion between each of the insertion holes and one end of the corresponding cell. As the joining material, crystallized glass which includes a plurality of kinds of crystal phases generated when the crystallization of amorphous glass heated up to a crystallization temperature proceeds is used, and a volume reduction ratio (crystallization shrinkage ratio) of the joining material caused by the crystallization at the crystallization temperature is 0.78% or more and 12% or less.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode including a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the formula ABO3, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes phosphorus, chromium and boron, a content amount of the phosphorus in the cathode is at least 10 ppm and no more than 50 ppm, a content amount of the chromium in the cathode is at least 50 ppm and no more than 500 ppm, and a content amount of the boron in the cathode is at least 5 ppm and no more than 50 ppm.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode, and an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the general formula ABO3. A standard deviation value for the atomic percentage of respective elements at the A site measured using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 10 spots in a single field on the sectional surface of the cathode is no more than 10.4.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The solid electrolyte layer includes a first region disposed on the anode and a second region disposed between the first region and the cathode. The ratio of the ceria-based material in the first region is less than or equal to 0.5%. The ratio of the tetragonal crystal zirconia in the first region is greater than or equal to 3.0%. The atomic weight ratio of nickel to zirconia in the first region is less than or equal to 3.0 at %. The ratio of the ceria-based material in the second region is greater than or equal to 1.0%. The ratio of the tetragonal crystal zirconia in the second region is less than or equal to 0.1%.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The solid electrolyte layer contains a zirconia-based material as a main component. A first intensity ratio of tetragonal crystal zirconia to cubic crystal zirconia in a Raman spectrum in a central portion of the solid electrolyte layer is greater than a second intensity ratio of tetragonal crystal zirconia to cubic crystal zirconia in a Raman spectrum of an outer edge.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite composite oxide as a main component and contains a compound that includes at least one of S and Cr as a secondary component. The cathode has a surface on the opposite side to the solid electrolyte layer. The surface of the cathode includes a first region and a second region that is positioned downstream of the first region in relation to the direction of oxidant gas flow in which the oxidant gas flows over the surface. The first region and the second region respectively contain a main phase configured by a perovskite composite oxide and a secondary phase that is configured by the compound. The occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in the first region is greater than the occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in the second region.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a main component configured by a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of La and Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes an interface region that is within 5 ?m from a surface near to the solid electrolyte layer. The interface region contains a main phase configured by the perovskite oxide, and a secondary phase configured by strontium oxide. An occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the interface region is greater than or equal 0.05% and less than or equal to 3%.

Abstract: The fuel cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide as a main component. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including La and Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode has a surface on opposite side to the solid electrolyte layer. A first ratio of a Sr concentration relative to an La concentration is less than or equal to 4 times a second ratio of the Sr concentration relative to the La concentration. The first ratio is detected by use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on the surface of the cathode. The second ratio of a Sr concentration relative to a La concentration is detected by use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on an exposed surface. The exposed surface is exposed by surface processing of the surface. The exposed surface is positioned within 5 nm of the surface in relation to a direction of thickness.

Abstract: The fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a main component configured by a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode has a surface region and an inner region. The surface region is within 5 ?m from a surface opposite the solid electrolyte layer. The inner region is formed on a solid electrolyte layer side of the surface region. The surface region and the inner region respectively include a main phase configured by the perovskite oxide and a secondary phase configured by strontium sulfate. An occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the surface region is greater than an occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the inner region.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell as a fired body including a porous plate-like support substrate having a gas flow path formed therein, and a power generation element part provided on a principal surface of the support substrate, the power generation element part including at least a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an air electrode laminated in this order. The generation of cracks in the support substrate has a strong correlation with a “surface roughness of a wall surface of a gas flow” of the fuel cell in a state of a reductant. When the surface roughness of the wall surface of the gas flow path is 0.16 to 5.2 in terms of an arithmetic average roughness Ra in a state in which the fuel cell is a reductant that has been subjected to heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere, the generation of the cracks can be suppressed.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes seven current collecting members and six fuel cells that are alternate stacked with reference to the stacking direction. Each of the six fuel cells includes an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer that is disposed between the anode and the cathode and contains a zirconia-based material as a main component. The six fuel cells include a first fuel cell disposed in the center with reference to the stacking direction, and a second fuel cell disposed in one end with reference to the stacking direction. An intensity ratio of tetragonal crystal zirconia to cubic crystal zirconia in a Raman spectrum of the solid electrolyte layer of the first fuel cell is greater than an intensity ratio of tetragonal crystal zirconia to cubic crystal zirconia in a Raman spectrum of the solid electrolyte layer of the second fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide as a main component. The perovskite oxide is expressed by a general formula ABO3 and includes at least Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a surface region which is within 5 ?m from a surface opposite the solid electrolyte layer. The surface region contains a main phase comprising the perovskite oxide and a secondary phase comprising strontium sulfate. An occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the surface region is greater than or equal to 0.25% to less than or equal to 8.5%.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in a surface region within a predetermined distance from the interface between the barrier layer and the cathode active layer.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in an inner region separated respectively from the interface and the interface.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in an interface region within a predetermined distance from the interface between the cathode current collecting layer and the cathode active layer.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer that is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a main phase and a sub phase. The main phase is composed mostly of perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least Sr at the A site. The sub phase is composed mostly of strontium sulfate. An occupied area ratio of the sub phase in a cross section of the cathode is no more than 10.2%.