Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes an active layer between a first reflector and a second reflector and at least either the first reflector or the second reflector includes a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The two-dimensional photonic crystal has a structure 106 showing an ununiform effective refractive index distribution in the plane of the reflector to realize both a high reflectivity and transverse mode control at the same time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition for a sidewall, in which an effect on environments can be taken into consideration, provision for the future decrease of petroleum supply can be satisfied, and further, tear strength and flex crack growth resistance can be improved with favorable balance without increasing hardness, and a process for preparing the rubber composition. The rubber composition for a sidewall is characterized by comprising 15 to 60 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a double bond-containing plasticizer on the basis of 100 parts by weight of a rubber component comprising 30 to 80% by weight of a natural rubber and 20 to 70% by weight of an epoxidized natural rubber.

Abstract: A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.

Abstract: There is provided a rubber composition in which strength and weather resistance are improved and the use of petroleum resource is suppressed as much as possible, and a tire comprising thereof. A rubber composition comprising 3 to 12 parts by weight of a pigment derived from resources other than petroleum, 10 parts by weight or less of carbon black and 30 parts by weight or more of silica based on 100 parts by weight of rubber components comprising an epoxidized natural rubber and/or a natural rubber.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with an electrically conductive path extending continuously from a position in the rim contacting surface to a position in the ground contacting surface through a sidewall portion, wherein a sidewall rubber is a high-performance rubber compound and almost-insulative, having a volume resistivity of not less than 1×10^8 ohm cm. The electrically conductive path includes a helical path made of an electrically conductive rubber having a volume resistivity of not more than 1×10^7 ohm cm. The helical path is disposed axially inside the sidewall rubber and extends spirally around the tire rotational axis. Preferably, the tread rubber, clinch rubber and carcass topping rubber are also almost-insulative high-performance rubber compounds.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser device includes a first reflective mirror layer, a second reflective mirror layer, and an active layer disposed therebetween, wherein at least one of the first reflective mirror layer and the second reflective mirror layer includes a periodic-refractive-index structure in which the refractive index periodically changes in the in-plane direction and a part of the periodic-refractive-index structure includes a plurality of parts that disorder the periodicity.

Abstract: One inventive aspect relates to an optical information recording medium which has a high gloss and ensures, even after printing, a gloss substantially equal to that before the printing, and which can increase quality of a printed image. The optical information recording medium has an ink absorbing layer made of a porous film, which is formed on an outermost layer on a surface thereof on the side opposed to a recording/reproducing surface of the optical information recording medium. The optical information recording medium has a surface gloss of the ink absorbing layer is about 25 or more in terms of 60° specular gloss before printing and has a level after the printing which is equal to or higher than a level before the printing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sensor device for detecting a substance contained in a fluid comprising a first photonic crystal region, a second photonic crystal region, a first channel which is connected to the first photonic crystal region, and passes the fluid containing the substance therein, a second channel which is connected to the second photonic crystal region, and passes a fluid for reference therein, an optical waveguide which is connected to the first photonic crystal region and the second photonic crystal region, and guides light, and a detecting section for detecting a difference between a light which has passed through the optical waveguide and the first photonic crystal region and a light which has passed through the optical waveguide and the second photonic crystal region.

Abstract: There is provided an optical information recording medium which can meet opposite requirements of enhancement in ink absorption and fixation properties of an image forming layer and suppression and prevention of solid attachment of a printed portion, which has excellent printability to obtain high image quality and an excellent holding property of the printed portion, and which little makes the solid attachment on the printed surface layer occur. At this time, a thick layer can be formed even by the use of a coating solution for the image forming layer. The optical information recording medium has the image forming layer on various layers stacked on a surface of a light transmitting substrate and optically readable signals are recorded or can be recorded therein by the use of laser beams incident on the other surface of the light transmitting substrate, wherein the image forming layer includes an ink absorbing porous layer made of a resin layer containing vapor inorganic particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition for coating a steel cord, use of which makes it possible to consider an effect on environment, prepare for the future decrease in supply of petroleum resources, suppress generation of air bubbles, reduce rolling resistance, and improve processability, roll workability, adhesion to a steel cord and durability with favorable balance, as compared with a rubber composition for coating a steel cord comprising raw materials derived from petroleum resources as main components, and provides a tire having a belt prepared by using the rubber composition. The rubber composition for coating a steel cord comprises 40 to 80 parts by weight of silica having a nitrogen adsorbing-specific surface area of 100 to 200 m2/g, 1 to 15 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of potassium borate, on the basis of 100 parts by weight of a diene rubber component, and the tire is prepared using the rubber composition.

Abstract: A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium includes a substrate having a pregroove thereon, an optical recording layer containing a light-absorbing substance composed of a dye absorbing a laser beam, and a light-reflective layer reflecting the laser beam. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the optical recording layer (i.e., the dye) in the pregroove to the cross-sectional area of the pregroove in the direction of the diameter of the optical information recording medium is about 30% to about 63%. In the optical information recording medium, the phenomenon by which the recording power of the laser beam heats the dye in the optical recording layer and the heat is diffused through the optical recording layer and the light-reflective layer is considered.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium has light interference layers including a recording layer on a substrate. The recording layer includes an organic dye and a photostabilizer which is, for example, the compound of formula 1 wherein at least one of R1 to R8 represents a substituted alkyl group having a terminal cyano group, with the others represent other substituents; Y represents a monovalent or divalent cation; and Xm? represents a monovalent or divalent anion.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a monomethine dye compound that enables formation of a thin film with high refractive index and excellent optical properties through formation of a homogeneous thin film of dye molecule J-association complex by easy means (spin coating technique) and that has high sensitivity and excels in short mark recording capability so as to be suitable for high speed recording and high density recording, and further to provide an optical information recording medium utilizing the monomethine dye compound and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser device includes a first reflective mirror layer, a second reflective mirror layer, and an active layer disposed therebetween, wherein at least one of the first reflective mirror layer and the second reflective mirror layer includes a periodic-refractive-index structure in which the refractive index periodically changes in the in-plane direction and a part of the periodic-refractive-index structure includes a plurality of parts that disorder the periodicity.

Abstract: The present invention can provide the rubber composition for a carcass ply and/or a belt, which comprises a rubber component comprising 30 to 90% by weight of a natural rubber and 10 to 70% by weight of an epoxidized natural rubber and a filler containing not less than 80% by weight of silica, has adhesion as favorably compared with a rubber composition mainly comprising raw materials derived from non-petroleum resources, and makes it possible to reduce an adverse effect on environment and provide for the future decrease of petroleum supply, the carcass ply and/or the belt using the same composition, and the preparation process of the same composition. It is preferable that the process for preparing the rubber composition for a carcass ply and/or a belt comprises a step (1) of kneading the natural rubber and silica and a step (2) of kneading the kneaded product discharged in the step (1) and the epoxidized natural rubber.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser device includes a first reflective mirror layer, a second reflective mirror layer, and an active layer disposed therebetween, wherein at least one of the first reflective mirror layer and the second reflective mirror layer includes a periodic-refractive-index structure in which the refractive index periodically changes in the in-plane direction and a part of the periodic-refractive-index structure includes a plurality of parts that disorder the periodicity.

Abstract: There is provided a rubber composition for a side wall, wherein an amount ratio of resources other than petroleum are increased so as to be ecological and take measures for the decrease in supply of petroleum in the future, which further has excellent flex crack resistance and strength. A rubber composition for a side wall comprising 20 to 60 parts by weight of silica based on 100 parts by weight of a rubber component comprising 40 to 80% by weight of a natural rubber and 60 to 20% by weight of at least one rubber selected from the group consisting of a butadiene rubber, a styrene-butadiene rubber and an epoxidized natural rubber, and 4 to 16 parts by weight of a silane compound represented by the following formula: Xn—Si—Y4-n (wherein X represents an ethoxy group or a methoxy group, and Y represents a phenyl group or an alkyl group) based on 100 parts by weight of silica.

Abstract: An electronic circuit board having an optical wiring layer sandwiched between two electrical wiring layers. The optical wiring layer is structured to be a two-dimensional optical waveguide. An E/O device and an O/E device are provided in the optical wiring layer or at an interface between the optical wiring layer and the electrical wiring layer. A via piercing the optical wiring layer connects the two electrical wiring layers. It is possible to efficiently input and output light to and from an optical wiring layer.

Abstract: A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.