Abstract: A symmetric device for stabilization of a flame includes a primary oxidant pipe and a fuel pipe. The fuel pipe is internal to the primary oxidant pipe creating a primary oxidant conduit. A secondary oxidant pipe is internal to the fuel pipe creating a fuel conduit. A primary oxidant source supplies oxidant to the primary oxidant conduit. A fuel source supplies fuel to the fuel conduit. A secondary oxidant source supplies oxidant to the secondary oxidant pipe. The first oxidant velocity is greater than the second oxidant velocity and the fuel velocity is less than the second oxidant velocity. The primary oxidant pipe end extends past the fuel pipe forward end and the fuel pipe forward end extends past the secondary oxidant pipe end. A mismatch in velocity between fuel and oxidant generates a large scale vortex. An asymmetric embodiment is also provided.

Abstract: A symmetric device for stabilization of a flame includes a primary oxidant pipe and a fuel pipe. The fuel pipe is internal to the primary oxidant pipe creating a primary oxidant conduit. A secondary oxidant pipe is internal to the fuel pipe creating a fuel conduit. A primary oxidant source supplies oxidant to the primary oxidant conduit. A fuel source supplies fuel to the fuel conduit. A secondary oxidant source supplies oxidant to the secondary oxidant pipe. The first oxidant velocity is greater than the second oxidant velocity and the fuel velocity is less than the second oxidant velocity. The primary oxidant pipe end extends past the fuel pipe forward end and the fuel pipe forward end extends past the secondary oxidant pipe end. A mismatch in velocity between fuel and oxidant generates a large scale vortex. An asymmetric embodiment is also provided.

Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner is set forth for providing combustion energy to a glass furnace via the mixing and combustion of a fuel stream and an oxidizer stream. The burner is divided into at least two sections, a substantially vertical section beginning at the bottom or feed end of the burner and a generally shorter, substantially horizontal section terminating at the opposite or discharge end of the burner. In a key embodiment, the vertical section of the burner protrudes into the furnace atmosphere through the underside of an air port, while the horizontal section is pointed toward the interior of the furnace. Depending on the number of burners installed, this allows from partial to full conversion of an air fuel furnace to an oxy-fuel furnace. Also, in a key embodiment, the burner includes an oxidant staging means to introduce oxidizer through a staging conduit running beneath and collateral with the outer conduit.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuation of combustion with an oxy-fuel combustion system when the supply of oxygen is temporally reduced or stopped. Air or oxygen enriched air and fuel are introduced into the device being heated in place of the oxy-fuel mixture to effect combustion and maintain the heating level in the furnace. Water cooling of the furnace gases is used to reduce the volume of exhaust gases when operating in the air or oxygen enriched air mode.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuation of combustion with an oxy-fuel combustion system when the supply of oxygen is temporally reduced or stopped. Air or oxygen enriched air and fuel are introduced into the device being heated in place of the oxy-fuel mixture to effect combustion and maintain the heating level in the furnace. Water cooling of the furnace gases is used to reduce the volume of exhaust gases when operating in the air or oxygen enriched air mode.