Abstract: There may be one or more systems, methods, and/or devices that address a relay wireless communication scenario. For example, in such a scenario, there may be at least three entities, a remote a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may need to communicate with a network node (e.g., gNB) and/or another WTRU that it cannot directly communicate with. This remote WTRU may communicate with a relay WTRU in order to communicate with the ultimate destination (e.g., another WTRU or a network node). The use of a relay may require establishment and configuration of one or more entities involved.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for uplink DRX and sidelink DRX are disclosed. A WTRU may receive a configuration of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) round trip time (RTT) timer. The WTRU may start the HARQ RTT timer in response to an event. The event may comprise receiving a downlink control information (DCI) that schedules a sidelink transmission. The event may comprise transmission of a sidelink control information (SCI) for the sidelink HARQ process. The event may comprise receiving HARQ feedback for a sidelink transmission. The event my comprise a pre-configured time period following a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource for feedback associated with a HARQ transmission. The WTRU may determine a value of a timer based on a sidelink transmission property or a sidelink transmission time.

Abstract: A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a second WTRU, sidelink control information (SCI), including first information indicating if a resource is reserved by the second WTRU, and second information indicating if the second WTRU is a power saving or non-power saving. The first WTRU may measure a reference signal receive power (RSRP) of signals transmitted by the second WTRU. The first WTRU may add a resource to a set of available resources if the first information indicates that the resource is not reserved by the second WTRU. If a resource is reserved, the WTRU may set an RSRP threshold to a first set or second threshold based on a power saving mode of the second WTRU. The first WTRU may add the resource to the set of available resources if the measured RSRP is less than the selected RSRP threshold.

Abstract: A method for determining a DRX operation in a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) that has information indicating multiple DRX configurations, includes selecting a first DRX configuration from the multiple DRX configurations based on a first cast type and an associated first quality of service (QoS) information for a first sidelink radio bearer (SLRB) configuration, selecting a second DRX configuration from the multiple DRX configurations based on a second cast type and an associated second QoS information for a second SLRB configuration, determining a sidelink monitoring time based on a combination of an active time associated with the first DRX configuration and an active time associated with the second DRX configuration, and monitoring a sidelink control channel using the determined sidelink monitoring time.

Abstract: Methods and devices may be provided for aggregating component carriers in the licensed spectrum with at least one component carriers in the licensed exempt spectrum. Control information may be processed in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) while receiving and sending information on a primary component carrier (PCC) and a supplementary component carrier (SuppCC). A PCC subframe with a control portion and a data portion may be received. Resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the PCC may be embedded in the control portion of the subframe. Based on the resource assignment information on the PCC, resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the SuppCC may be identified in the data portion of the PCC subframe. A SuppCC subframe of the shared channel on the SuppCC may be processed as per the identified resource assignment information associated with the downlink shared channel on the SuppCC.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may initiate a random access. The WTRU may determine whether to select a first random access channel (RACH) procedure or a second RACH procedure for the random access. The first RACH procedure may be a legacy RACH procedure. The second RACH procedure may be an enhanced RACH (eRACH) procedure. The WTRU may determine whether to select the first RACH procedure or the second RACH procedure based at least on a type of uplink data to be transmitted. When the second RACH procedure is selected, the WTRU may determine at least one physical random access channel (PRACH) resource associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a preamble sequence associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a data resource for the uplink data. The WTRU may send a RACH transmission that includes the preamble sequence and the uplink data.

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to determine whether to prioritize a sidelink (SL) logical channel group (LCG) based on an SL prioritization threshold and a UL prioritization threshold, on a condition that a UL prioritization threshold is configured. The apparatus may be configured to determine whether a prioritization value associated with the SL LCG is lower than the SL prioritization threshold. The apparatus may be configured to determine (e.g., at least) whether an uplink (UL) LCG has a prioritization value that is equal to or higher than the UL prioritization threshold. The apparatus may be configured to determine whether to prioritize SL buffer status reporting (BSR) based on a size of a UL grant and the determination of whether to prioritize the SL LCG. The apparatus may be configured to report a buffer status based on the determination of whether to prioritize the SL BSR.

Abstract: Methods and devices may be provided for aggregating component carriers in the licensed spectrum with at least one component carriers in the licensed exempt spectrum. Control information may be processed in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) while receiving and sending information on a primary component carrier (PCC) and a supplementary component carrier (SuppCC). A PCC subframe with a control portion and a data portion may be received. Resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the PCC may be embedded in the control portion of the subframe. Based on the resource assignment information on the PCC, resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the SuppCC may be identified in the data portion of the PCC subframe. A SuppCC subframe of the shared channel on the SuppCC may be processed as per the identified resource assignment information associated with the downlink shared channel on the SuppCC.

Abstract: Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing may be determined. Physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) resource pool selection may be performed. A source WTRU may (e.g., determine to) signal a PSFCH resource based on channel state information (CSI), transmitter (TX)-receiver (RX) distance, and/or CBR. A destination WTRU may determine sub-channels to include PSFCH resources based on a PSCCH/PSSCH resource and/or WTRU PHY ID information. One or more resource blocks may be determined within a sub-channel for PSFCH transmission based on the WTRU PHY ID and/or a Link ID. A first set of symbols in a slot may be sensed to detect a PSSCH and/or a PSSCH+PSFCH transmission to (e.g., determine to) transmit a PSFCH in the end of the slot without colliding with the PSSCH. A WTRU may switch to a dedicated PSFCH resource pool or Mode 1 transmission upon failure to acquire PSFCH resources in a shared PSFCH resource pool.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be used to determine a destination for sidelink transmission based on the priority of the transmission and/or other parameters associated with the transmission. In examples, a destination may be selected if one or more logical channels associated with the destination have a bucket size parameter exceeding a certain threshold and the one or more logical channels have a highest priority. Various other techniques are also described herein that relate to the configuration and/or report of QoS information, selection of sidelink resources, use of a minimum communication range, etc.

Abstract: Method, apparatus and systems are disclosed that may be implemented in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) for unicast communication with another WTRU. The method may include sending, by the WTRU to the other WTRU via a PC5 interface, a communication request indicating first security information for the WTRU and receiving, by the WTRU from the other WTRU via the PC5 interface, information which is integrity protected indicating second security information for the other WTRU. The method may also include deriving, by the WTRU from the indicated second security information, a first set of security keys for communication via a first layer using the U-plane and a second set of security keys for communication via a second layer using the C-plane; and sending, by the WTRU to the other WTRU via the PC5 interface, a message that is at least integrity protected using the derived first set of keys.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for Sidelink (SL) communication are disclosed herein. A method for SL communication performed by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) may comprise determining to transmit Sidelink Control Information (SCI) over a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). The method may further comprise selecting one or more sub-channels from a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) in which to allocate time and frequency resources for the PSCCH. The method may further comprise allocating time and frequency resources within the PSCCH in which to transmit the SCI. The allocation of time and frequency resources may be based on at least one of an SCI format type, a Layer 1 (L1) Identifier (ID), a priority, or a Quality of Service (QoS) requirement. The method may further comprise transmitting the SCI over the determined time and frequency resources.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for monitoring radio links between wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) and determining of radio link failure, and may be used, among others, for New Radio (NR) vehicular communication (V2X); a mode whereby WTRUs can communicate with each other directly. A radio link between a WTRU and another WTRU may be monitored independently per ongoing unicast and/or multicast link, and radio link failure (RLF) may be determined as a function of the monitoring.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to address changes in quality of service in a communication link between two user equipment devices includes establishing the communication link between a first user equipment device and a peer user equipment device, where the communication link services an application executing on the first user equipment. The first user equipment device monitors a current quality of service on the communication link and detects a condition wherein the current quality of service may not be met. Adjusted configuration parameters for the application and new quality of service parameters for the communication link are determined. The adjusted configuration parameters are applied to the application and the new quality of service parameters are applied to the communication link.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces for determining whether sidelink resources of a sidelink radio bearer are available, and for reserving resources of any number of sidelink radio bearers for transmission of periodic data are provided. The method includes determining any of a size, a period, or a pattern of a resource reservation for periodic data that is to be transmitted by the WTRU via the sidelink radio bearer; determining sidelink resources available for transmission of the periodic data via any number of sidelink radio bearers; and transmitting a message including the resource reservation including information indicating reservation of the available sidelink resources for transmission of the periodic data by the WTRU according to any of the size, the period, or the pattern of a resource reservation, wherein the message includes any of a bearer identifier (ID) or Quality of Service (QoS) information.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to determine access control and channel and signaling priority. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor configured, at least in part, to determine device-to-device (D2D) data to be transmitted. The WTRU may determine if the D2D data may be transmitted. The WTRU may determine available scheduling assignment (SA) resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may select one or more available SA resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may transmit the D2D data, wherein the D2D data may be transmitted on the selected SA resources.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to determine access control and channel and signaling priority. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor configured, at least in part, to determine device-to-device (D2D) data to be transmitted. The WTRU may determine if the D2D data may be transmitted. The WTRU may determine available scheduling assignment (SA) resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may select one or more available SA resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may transmit the D2D data, wherein the D2D data may be transmitted on the selected SA resources.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may initiate a random access. The WTRU may determine whether to select a first random access channel (RACH) procedure or a second RACH procedure for the random access. The first RACH procedure may be a legacy RACH procedure. The second RACH procedure may be an enhanced RACH (eRACH) procedure. The WTRU may determine whether to select the first RACH procedure or the second RACH procedure based at least on a type of uplink data to be transmitted. When the second RACH procedure is selected, the WTRU may determine at least one physical random access channel (PRACH) resource associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a preamble sequence associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a data resource for the uplink data. The WTRU may send a RACH transmission that includes the preamble sequence and the uplink data.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may initiate a random access. The WTRU may determine whether to select a first random access channel (RACH) procedure or a second RACH procedure for the random access. The first RACH procedure may be a legacy RACH procedure. The second RACH procedure may be an enhanced RACH (eRACH) procedure. The WTRU may determine whether to select the first RACH procedure or the second RACH procedure based at least on a type of uplink data to be transmitted. When the second RACH procedure is selected, the WTRU may determine at least one physical random access channel (PRACH) resource associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a preamble sequence associated with the second RACH procedure. The WTRU may determine a data resource for the uplink data. The WTRU may send a RACH transmission that includes the preamble sequence and the uplink data.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to determine access control and channel and signaling priority. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor configured, at least in part, to determine device-to-device (D2D) data to be transmitted. The WTRU may determine if the D2D data may be transmitted. The WTRU may determine available scheduling assignment (SA) resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may select one or more available SA resources used for priority based D2D data signals. The WTRU may transmit the D2D data, wherein the D2D data may be transmitted on the selected SA resources.