Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a cassette to store a recording medium, an image forming unit to form an image on an image bearing member based on an image forming condition, a transfer unit to transfer the image onto the recording medium conveyed from the cassette, and a reading unit to read a test image formed on the recording medium by the image forming unit. A controller controls the image forming unit to form the test image while the image forming unit is forming a plurality of images, controls the image forming condition based on a reading result of the test image by the reading unit, and obtains information related to basis weight of the recording medium in the cassette. In a case where the information does not satisfy a forming condition for forming the test image, the test image is not formed.

Abstract: A steel pipe for pressure piping subjected to autofrettage has an average hardness at its outer layer region of 1.20 times or more of an average hardness at its inner layer region. When an outer diameter is D, and an inner diameter is d, a measured value of a residual stress at an outer surface is denoted by ?o1, a measured value of a residual stress at an outer surface after halving is denoted by ?o2, and a measured value of a residual stress at an inner surface after the halving is denoted by ?i2, an estimated value ?i1 of a residual stress at the inner surface of the steel pipe is determined by [?i1=(??i2)/(A×(t/T)2?1)], [t/T=((?o2??o1)/(A×(?o2??o1)?C×?i2))1/2], [A=3.9829× exp(0.1071×(D/d)2)], and [C=?3.3966×exp(0.0452×(D/d)2)] is ?150 MPa or less.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit configured to form an image on a recording medium based on an image forming condition, a detection unit configured to detect a test image on the recording medium, a controller configured to: obtain information related to the recording medium on which the test image is formed; determine whether or not to adjust the image forming condition based on the information; control the image forming unit to form the test image on the recording medium; control, in a case where a type of the recording medium on which the test image is formed is a first type, the image forming condition based on a detection result of the test image by the detection unit.

Abstract: A printing apparatus has a conveyance roller configured to convey a sheet in a first direction, an encoder provided at the conveyance roller, a head having a plurality of nozzles aligned in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and being configured to jet liquid to the sheet which is conveyed in the first direction by the conveyance roller and a controller having a power circuit configured to apply voltage to the head for jetting the liquid. The controller is configured to: determine a jetting frequency for the head based on a signal outputted from the encoder; and change an output voltage of the power circuit depending on the determined jetting frequency.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit configured to form an image on an image carrier, a transfer unit configured to transfer the image from the image carrier to a recording medium, a fixing unit configured to fix the image on the recording medium, a reader configured to read the image on the recording medium downstream of the fixing unit in a conveyance direction, and a controller configured to control the image forming unit to form the image and a pattern image, control the transfer unit to transfer the image and the pattern image to a recording medium, control the fixing unit to fix the image and the pattern image on the recording medium, control the reader to read the pattern image on the recording medium, and generate a image forming condition based on a result of the patter image read by the reader.

Abstract: A printing apparatus has a conveyance roller configured to convey a sheet in a first direction, an encoder provided at the conveyance roller, a head having a plurality of nozzles aligned in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and being configured to jet liquid to the sheet which is conveyed in the first direction by the conveyance roller and a controller having a power circuit configured to apply voltage to the head for jetting the liquid. The controller is configured to: determine a jetting frequency for the head based on a signal outputted from the encoder; and change an output voltage of the power circuit depending on the determined jetting frequency.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging roller, an image forming portion. The charging roller includes an electroconductive rubber layer and is 20 ?m or more and 35 ?m or less in ten point average roughness of a surface thereof and 130 ?m or more and 250 ?m or less in average interval of surface unevenness.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member and a charge roller. The photosensitive member comprises a base body, and a photosensitive layer which is a monolayer formed on the base body and comprises a charge generating agent, a charge transport agent and a binder resin. The charge roller configured to contact the photosensitive member and charge the photosensitive member by application of only a DC voltage. The charge roller comprises a conductive rubber layer, and a ten-point average roughness of a surface of the charge roller is 0.9 ?m or more and 8.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: An electronic control unit includes a first controller, a second controller, and a determination portion. The first controller includes a first control portion that determines whether or not supply of power from a battery to the first controller is interruptible. The second controller includes a regulator that regulates power supplied from the battery to the first controller and a second control portion that controls the regulator. The determination portion determines whether or not the supply of power is forcibly interruptible even when the first control portion does not determine that the supply of power is interruptible. When the determination portion determines that the supply of power is forcibly interruptible, the second control portion controls the regulator to interrupt the supply of power from the battery to the first controller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging roller, an exposure device, a developing device, a transfer member, a fixing device, a voltage source for output the charging voltage, an executing portion for forming a test chart including a plurality of adjusting images in setting of peak-to-peak voltage values of AC voltages at a plurality of different values, a first inputting portion through which an instruction of execution of forming the test chart is inputted, and a second inputting portion through which an instruction of setting a value of peak-to-peak voltage values of the AC voltage during image formation is inputted.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member; a charging member configured to electrically charge the photosensitive member; a developing device configured to form a toner image by supplying toner to the photosensitive member; a transfer member configured to transfer the toner image from the photosensitive member onto a toner image receiving member; a cleaning member provided in contact with the photosensitive member and configured to remove the toner remaining on a surface of the photosensitive member after transfer; and a controller configured to carry out a process for notifying information on a lifetime of the charging member, on the basis of use amount information on a use amount of the charging member and contact pressure information on contact pressure applied by the cleaning member to the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediary transfer member; a first image forming portion including a first developing device and a detecting portion; a second image forming portion including a second developing device; a contact-and-separation mechanism capable of setting a first state and a second state; and an executing portion capable of executing an operation in a first monochromatic mode in the first state and capable of executing an operation in a second monochromatic mode in the second state. When a toner amount in the first developing device is below a predetermined amount on the basis of the detecting portion during an image forming operation for continuously forming the black image in the operation in the first monochromatic mode, the executing portion continuously executes the image forming operation in the second state.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a toner image forming portion, a transfer member, a cleaning member, and a controller configured to carry out a process for notifying information on a lifetime of the image bearing member on the basis of information on contact pressure of the cleaning member to the image bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer member, a cleaning blade, an information storing member configured to store information on contact pressures of the cleaning blade to the image bearing member, an information input portion, and an executing portion configured to execute a toner supplying operation for supplying toner to the cleaning portion using a toner image formed on the image bearing member, in a period other than a period in which the toner image is formed on the image bearing member, for each predetermined number of image forming operations. On the basis of the information inputted to the input portion, the executing portion sets amounts of the toner supplied to the respective regions in the toner supplying operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member; a charging member configured to electrically charge the photosensitive member; a developing device configured to form a toner image by supplying toner to the photosensitive member; a transfer member configured to transfer the toner image from the photosensitive member onto a toner image receiving member; a cleaning member provided in contact with the photosensitive member and configured to remove the toner remaining on a surface of the photosensitive member after transfer; and a controller configured to carry out a process for notifying information on a lifetime of the charging member, on the basis of use amount information on a use amount of the charging member and contact pressure information on contact pressure applied by the cleaning member to the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member; a charging member configured to electrically charge the photosensitive member; a developing device configured to form a toner image by supplying toner to the photosensitive member; a transfer member configured to transfer the toner image from the photosensitive member onto a toner image receiving member; a cleaning member provided in contact with the photosensitive member and configured to remove the toner remaining on a surface of the photosensitive member after transfer; and a controller configured to carry out a process for notifying information on a lifetime of the charging member, on the basis of use amount information on a use amount of the charging member and contact pressure information on contact pressure applied by the cleaning member to the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging roller, an exposure device, a developing device, a transfer member, a fixing device, an outputting portion for outputting a recording material on which a toner image is fixed, a voltage source for output the charging voltage, a voltage setting portion for setting the charging voltage, an executing portion for executing an output process of a test chart including a plurality of adjusting images in setting of peak-to-peak voltage values of AC voltages at a plurality of different values, and an inputting portion through which an instruction of execution of the output process of the test chart is inputted.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediary transfer member; a first image forming portion including a first developing device and a detecting portion; a second image forming portion including a second developing device; a contact-and-separation mechanism capable of setting a first state and a second state; and an executing portion capable of executing an operation in a first monochromatic mode in the first state and capable of executing an operation in a second monochromatic mode in the second state. When a toner amount in the first developing device is below a predetermined amount on the basis of the detecting portion during an image forming operation for continuously forming the black image in the operation in the first monochromatic mode, the executing portion continuously executes the image forming operation in the second state.

Abstract: An electronic control unit includes a first controller, a second controller, and a determination portion. The first controller includes a first control portion that determines whether or not supply of power from a battery to the first controller is interruptible. The second controller includes a regulator that regulates power supplied from the battery to the first controller and a second control portion that controls the regulator. The determination portion determines whether or not the supply of power is forcibly interruptible even when the first control portion does not determine that the supply of power is interruptible. When the determination portion determines that the supply of power is forcibly interruptible, the second control portion controls the regulator to interrupt the supply of power from the battery to the first controller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer member, a cleaning member, and an executing portion configured to execute a supplying operation for forming a predetermined toner image on the image bearing member during non-image formation and then supplying toner of the predetermined toner image to the contact portion. The executing portion executes the supplying operation with a forming condition of the predetermined toner image preset on the basis of information preset on contact pressure applied by the cleaning member to the image bearing member.