Abstract: Provided is a separation and recovery apparatus for continuously separating and recovering, from a resin mixture containing a resin containing a hydrolyzable polymer and a resin containing a nonhydrolyzable polymer, a hydrolytic component a of the hydrolyzable polymer A and the nonhydrolyzable polymer B, the apparatus including: a crushing unit that crushes the resin mixture a melting/discharging unit that melts a crushed product obtained by the crushing unit to form a fluid and discharges the fluid at a high pressure; and a hydrothermal reaction treatment unit that continuously subjects the fluid discharged from the melting/discharging unit to a hydrothermal reaction treatment, wherein, in the melting/discharging unit, the hydrolyzable polymer A is hydrolyzed, and the hydrolytic component a thereof is dissolved and transferred into water permeating a sintered alloy diaphragm, thereby separating the nonhydrolyzable polymer B.

Abstract: Provided is a brake control device which reliably generates wheel cylinder fluid pressure in all the wheels FR to RR even at the time of failure of the brake control device, can reliably decelerate or stop a vehicle, has a simplified system configuration, and has high reliability for automatic driving. A brake device 101 of the present invention includes a first fluid pressure unit 102p which supplies brake fluid to first wheel cylinders 118a and 118d, a second fluid pressure unit 102s which supplies brake fluid to second wheel cylinders 118b and 118c, and a connection pipe 119 which connects the first fluid pressure unit and the second fluid pressure unit to allow the brake fluid to flow. The first fluid pressure unit and the second fluid pressure unit open a first shut-off valve 104p and a second shut-off valve 104s, respectively, in a case where a failure is detected in at least one of the first fluid pressure unit and the second fluid pressure unit.

Abstract: A road surface rendering device for rendering a road surface by illuminating an illumination region extending along a direction away from the road surface rendering device with light. The illumination region is divided into three regions of a left region, a central region, and a right region in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction, an illuminance of the central region is largest.

Abstract: A toner concentration sensing apparatus includes a first acquisition processing portion, a second acquisition processing portion, and a third acquisition processing portion. The first acquisition processing portion acquires a first sensing value corresponding to light reflected by a first region of an image-carrying member where a toner image is not formed. The second acquisition processing portion acquires a second sensing value corresponding to light reflected by a second region of the image-carrying member where a toner image has been formed. The third acquisition processing portion acquires a component ratio of a component in the second sensing value, that corresponds to light reflected by toner adhered onto a surface of the image-carrying member, using a specific calculation formula determined based on a first relational expression based on the first sensing value and a second relational expression not based on the first sensing value, and the second sensing value.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first to third adjustment processing portions. The first adjustment processing portion adjusts an emission light amount of a light-emitting portion of a first sensor based on an electric signal output from a light-receiving portion of the first sensor and corresponding to regular reflection light reflected by a non-toner-adhering surface of an image-carrying member. The second adjustment processing portion adjusts an operation condition of an image forming portion based on a toner concentration of a first toner image in a specific color, that has a concentration smaller than a predetermined saturation concentration. The third adjustment processing portion adjusts an emission light amount of a light-emitting portion of a second sensor based on an electric signal output from a light-receiving portion of the second sensor and corresponding to diffuse reflection light reflected by a second toner image in the specific color, that has a predetermined reference concentration.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus includes a stage disposed in a processing chamber for mounting a wafer, a plasma generation chamber disposed above the processing chamber for plasma generation using process gas, a plate member having multiple introduction holes, made of a dielectric material, disposed above the stage and between the processing chamber and the plasma generation chamber, and a lamp disposed around the plate member for heating the wafer. The plasma processing apparatus further includes an external IR light source, an emission fiber arranged in the stage, that outputs IR light from the external IR light source toward a wafer bottom, and a light collection fiber for collecting IR light from the wafer. Data obtained using only IR light from the lamp is subtracted from data obtained also using IR light from the external IR light source during heating of the wafer. Thus, a wafer temperature is determined.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing current detecting portion, a control portion, and a deviation detecting portion. The developing current detecting portion detects a developing current that flows between a developing device and a photoconductor drum during development of an electrostatic latent image. The control portion causes the exposure device to form electrostatic latent images of at least two patch images at different positions from each other and at different timings from each other in a main scanning direction. The deviation detecting portion detects deviation of one of the exposure device and the photoconductor drum with respect to the other based on a detection timing at which the developing current is detected during development of the electrostatic latent images of the at least two patch images.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition containing: a cross-linked body of a hydrophilic polymer having a cross-linkable functional group; and a photo-radical generating agent. The cross-linked body is a hydrophilic polymer cross-linked through a disulfide bond.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer processing portion, a detection processing portion, a correction processing portion, and an adjustment processing portion. The transfer processing portion transfers a detection toner image to outside an output area of a transfer object to which a toner image as an output target is transferred from an image-carrying member. The detection processing portion detects a density of the detection toner image that has been transferred to the transfer object by the transfer processing portion. The correction processing portion corrects a detection result of the detection processing portion based on an amount of toner transferred from the image-carrying member to the output area at a transfer timing when the detection toner image is transferred. The adjustment processing portion adjusts an image forming condition based on the detection result after correction by the correction processing portion.

Abstract: A processor derives a plurality of unit density values which are each an average value of sensed densities for each of a plurality of unit areas sectioned for each unit length in a test toner image. The processor derives a weighted average of the plurality of unit density values to derive a test image density used for adjusting a control parameter in a printing portion. The unit length is a greatest common factor of two target lengths corresponding to perimeters of two types of target rotating members out of the plurality of rotating members. When a number of the plurality of unit areas is represented by n, n is a value obtained by subtracting 1 from an added value of a first constant and a second constant. The first constant and the second constant are values obtained by respectively dividing the two target lengths by the unit length.

Abstract: A processor causes a printing portion to execute, when first conveying processing is executed, test print processing for executing processing of forming a plurality of test toner images on a sheet under a print condition that differs for each of the plurality of test toner images. The processor acquires a plurality of first sensing densities when the first conveying processing is executed. The processor causes the printing portion to execute the test print processing when second conveying processing is executed. The processor acquires a plurality of second sensing densities when the second conveying processing is executed. The processor compares the plurality of first sensing densities and the plurality of second sensing densities to adjust the print condition in the print processing when the second conveying processing is executed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer processing portion, a detection processing portion, a correction processing portion, and an adjustment processing portion. The transfer processing portion transfers a detection toner image to outside an output area of a transfer object to which a toner image as an output target is transferred from an image-carrying member. The detection processing portion detects a density of the detection toner image that has been transferred to the transfer object by the transfer processing portion. The correction processing portion corrects a detection result of the detection processing portion based on an amount of toner transferred from the image-carrying member to the output area at a transfer timing when the detection toner image is transferred. The adjustment processing portion adjusts an image forming condition based on the detection result after correction by the correction processing portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing current detecting portion, a control portion, and a deviation detecting portion. The developing current detecting portion detects a developing current that flows between a developing device and a photoconductor drum during development of an electrostatic latent image. The control portion causes the exposure device to form electrostatic latent images of at least two patch images at different positions from each other and at different timings from each other in a main scanning direction. The deviation detecting portion detects deviation of one of the exposure device and the photoconductor drum with respect to the other based on a detection timing at which the developing current is detected during development of the electrostatic latent images of the at least two patch images.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms a coverage rate adjustment patch having a coverage rate corresponding to a difference between a coverage rate measured by a coverage rate measurement unit and a coverage rate of an adjustment image pattern together with an adjustment image pattern by using the exposure device and the developing device in the calibration.

Abstract: Adsorbent particles each containing: a carrier particle containing an organic polymer containing a monomer unit derived from a styrene-based monomer; a hydrophilic organic compound adhered to a surface of the carrier particle; and a diglycolic acid residue bonded to the hydrophilic organic compound. When a BET specific surface of the adsorbent particles as determined by adsorption of nitrogen gas is X0 and a BET specific surface area of the adsorbent particles as determined by adsorption of water vapor is X1, X1/X0 is 0.10 to 1.0.

Abstract: Disclosed are adsorbent particles each containing: a carrier particle containing an organic polymer; an amino group-containing polymer adhered to a surface of the carrier particle and including a constituent unit having an amino group; and a diglycolic acid residue bonded to the amino group of the amino group-containing polymer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms a coverage rate adjustment patch having a coverage rate corresponding to a difference between a coverage rate measured by a coverage rate measurement unit and a coverage rate of an adjustment image pattern together with an adjustment image pattern by using the exposure device and the developing device in the calibration.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an evaluation method capable of accurately determining a metastasis of cancer, the stage of cancer progression, or the malignancy of cancer.

Abstract: A handlebar switch device for a saddled vehicle is provided in which a handlebar switch case and a handlebar grip that is disposed on an outside in a vehicle width direction of the handlebar switch case are mounted on a handlebar forming part of a steering handle. A sub switch case is supported on a stay that is selected from a plurality of kinds of stays that can be mounted on the handlebar at a fixed relative position with respect to the handlebar switch case while being adjacent to the handlebar switch case from an inside in the vehicle width direction. This enables a sub switch case to be additionally disposed without impairing the ease of operation of a switch of the handlebar switch case.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section, a controller, and storage. The storage stores therein a coverage rate of a past image specified by a past print job. The controller includes a determining section and a first calculating section. When a new print job is received, the determining section determines whether or not to perform a running-in operation by comparing a coverage rate of a new image specified by the new print job to the coverage rate of the past image stored in the storage. The first calculating section calculates an amount of toner to be supplied from a developing section to a photosensitive drum based on the coverage rate of the new image. The running-in operation is to supply the toner in the amount calculated by the first calculating section from the developing section to the photosensitive drum before the new image is formed on a sheet.