Abstract: A porous body with a framework having an integrally continuous, three-dimensional network structure, the framework comprising an outer shell and a core including one or both of a hollow or a conductive material, the outer shell including nickel and cobalt, the cobalt having a ratio in mass of 0.2 or more and 0.4 or less or 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less relative to the total mass of the nickel and the cobalt.

Abstract: A metal porous body is a metal porous body mainly composed of nickel and having a framework of a three-dimensional network structure, Ni(OH)2 being present in a surface of the framework, when the metal porous body is subjected to at least 30 potential scans between a lower limit potential of ?0.10 V and an upper limit potential of +0.65 V with respect to a hydrogen standard potential in not less than 10% by mass and not more than 35% by mass of a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, at least oxygen being detected within a depth of 5 nm from the surface, and hydrogen being detected at least in the surface.

Abstract: A porous metal body including a skeleton having a three-dimensional mesh-like structure, the porous metal body having a plate-like overall shape. The skeleton has a hollow structure and includes a primary metal layer and at least one of a first microporous layer and a second microporous layer. The primary metal layer is composed of nickel or a nickel alloy. The first microporous layer contains nickel and chromium and is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the primary metal layer. The second microporous layer contains nickel and chromium and is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the primary metal layer, the inner peripheral surface facing the hollow space of the skeleton.

Abstract: A chromium adsorption material includes: a porous body made of a metal material; and a chromium adsorbent carried inside pores of the porous body, wherein the metal material includes a first metal and a second metal, the first metal includes nickel, and the second metal includes at least one selected from the group made of tin, aluminum, cobalt, titanium, manganese, tungsten, copper, silver, and gold.

Abstract: A metal porous body includes a flat plate shape and having continuous pores, a framework of the metal porous body including an alloy layer containing nickel and at least one of chromium and tin, a cobalt layer being formed on a surface of the alloy layer.

Abstract: A method for separating metal components from a treatment material containing a silicate and metal elements includes: a reaction step of reacting the treatment material and a molten alkali hydroxide in which bubbles due to water vapor derived from water are generated by heating a hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal and the water in a state where the hydroxide and the water coexist, to obtain a reaction product; and a first precipitation step of dissolving the reaction product of the treatment material and the molten alkali hydroxide after the reaction step in water, thereby generating a precipitate containing the metal elements.

Abstract: A steam reforming catalyst that promotes production of hydrogen from a gas containing a hydrocarbon in the presence of steam includes a carrier and two or more catalyst metals supported on the carrier and including a first metal and a second metal. The first metal includes Ni, the second metal includes at least one of Co and Ru, and the carrier is represented by LaNbO4 or La1-xSrxNbO4 where x is in a range of 0<x?0.12.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes: a cell structure body including a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the cathode and the anode; and a current collector in contact with the cathode, wherein an oxidant is supplied to the cathode through the current collector, the current collector includes a porous body made of a metal material, and a chromium adsorbent carried inside pores of the porous body, the metal material includes a first metal and a second metal, the first metal includes nickel, and the second metal includes at least one selected from the group made of tin, aluminum, cobalt, titanium, manganese, tungsten, copper, silver, and gold.

Abstract: A porous body comprises a framework having a three-dimensional network structure, the framework having a body including nickel and cobalt as constituent elements, the body of the framework including the cobalt at a proportion in mass of 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less relative to a total mass of the nickel and the cobalt.

Abstract: A metal porous body has a skeleton of a three-dimensional network structure, an outer layer portion of the skeleton having a second pore smaller in size than a first pore formed by the skeleton, wherein the outer layer portion is a metal layer, and a water vapor reforming catalyst is supported in the outer layer portion.

Abstract: A metal porous sheet includes a metal porous body having a skeleton with a three-dimensional network structure, and has a main surface in which a trench is formed. A depth of the trench is more than or equal to 10 percent of a thickness of the metal porous sheet. An area of the trench is more than or equal to 10 percent of an area of the main surface in a plan view.

Abstract: A metal porous body having a frame of a three-dimensional network structure, the frame being formed of a plurality of bone members connected to each other, the plurality of bone members defining openings in a surface of the metal porous body, the plurality of bone members defining voids inside the metal porous body, the openings and the voids communicating with each other, a porosity being from 1 volume % to 55 volume %, a density being from 3 g/cm3 to 10 g/cm3.

Abstract: A cell structure includes a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the cathode and the anode, the cathode being in the form of a sheet, the anode being in the form of a sheet, the solid electrolyte layer being in the form of a sheet, the solid electrolyte layer being disposed on the anode, the cathode being disposed on the solid electrolyte layer, the cathode having a resistance Rc, the anode and the solid electrolyte layer having a resistance Ra, the resistance Rc and the resistance Ra satisfying a relationship of Rc/Ra?0.3, the cathode including a first metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure, the cathode having a thickness larger than 15 ?m and equal to or less than 30 ?m.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a cell structure, an oxidizing agent flow path, a fuel flow path, and an anode-side current collector. The cell structure includes a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The oxidizing agent flow path is formed adjacent to the cathode and away from the solid electrolyte layer. The oxidizing agent flow path is a flow path for supplying a gas that contains an oxidizing agent to the cathode. The fuel flow path is formed adjacent to the anode and away from the solid electrolyte layer. The fuel flow path is a flow path for supplying a fuel gas that contains water vapor and a hydrocarbon to the anode. The anode-side current collector is disposed adjacent to the anode and away from the solid electrolyte layer. The anode-side current collector is in contact with the anode.

Abstract: An electrolyte layer-anode composite member includes an anode including a first metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure, and a solid electrolyte layer including a second metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure, the anode including at least one of nickel and a nickel compound, the anode having a sheet-like shape, the solid electrolyte layer having a sheet-like shape, the solid electrolyte layer being stacked on the anode, the anode having a thickness Ta of 850 ?m or more. The thickness Ta of the anode and a thickness Te of the solid electrolyte layer may satisfy a relation of 0.003?Te/Ta?0.036. The thickness Ta of the anode and a diameter Da of the anode may satisfy a relation of 55?Ta/Da?300.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte layer-anode composite member for a fuel cell, the electrolyte layer-anode composite member including an anode and a solid electrolyte layer having ion conductivity, the anode being an aggregate of granules including a composite metal, the composite metal including a nickel element and an iron element, the granules including a plurality of pores, the composite metal accounting for 80% by mass or more of the anode, the anode having a bulk density of 75% or less of a real density of the composite metal. Also provided is a cell structure including the electrolyte layer-anode composite member for a fuel cell described above, and a cathode arranged on a side of the solid electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A proton conductor contains a metal oxide that has a perovskite structure and that is represented by formula (1): AxB1-yMyO3-?, where an element A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, and Sr, an element B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ce and Zr, an element M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, Yb, Er, Ho, Tm, Gd, In, and Sc, ? indicates an oxygen deficiency amount, and 0.95?x?1 and 0<y?0.5 are satisfied.

Abstract: A porous metal body including a skeleton having a three-dimensional mesh-like structure, the porous metal body having a plate-like overall shape. The skeleton has a hollow structure and includes a primary metal layer and at least one of a first microporous layer and a second microporous layer. The primary metal layer is composed of nickel or a nickel alloy. The first microporous layer contains nickel and chromium and is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the primary metal layer. The second microporous layer contains nickel and chromium and is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the primary metal layer, the inner peripheral surface facing the hollow space of the skeleton.

Abstract: A coolant includes a refrigerant, a porous plate-shaped heat insulator, and an enclosure in which the refrigerant and the heat insulator are enclosed in a sealed state, and the heat insulator has a thermal conductivity per unit area of 300 W/(K·m2) or less and a thickness equal to or greater than 0.5 mm and equal to or less than 10.0 mm.

Abstract: A metal porous body having a three-dimensional network structure, includes: a framework forming the three-dimensional network structure; and a coating layer having fine pores and coating the framework, the three-dimensional network structure including a rib and a node connecting a plurality of ribs, the framework including an alkali-resistant first metal, the fine pores having an average fine pore diameter of 10 nm or more and 1 ?m or less, the coating layer including an alkali-resistant second metal and optionally including an alkali-soluble metal, the alkali-soluble metal being contained at a proportion of 0% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less with reference to a total mass of the framework and the coating layer.