Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device taking the form of a thin film and having a substrate exhibiting poor thermal resistance. The device prevents thermal deformation which would normally be caused by local application of excessive heat to the substrate. The device has output terminals permitting the output from the device to be taken out. The output terminals are formed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the photoelectric conversion device. The device further includes electrical connector portions for electrically connecting the electrodes of the device with the output terminals. The present invention also provides a method of treating a substrate having poor thermal resistance with a plasma with a high throughput. The substrate is continuously supplied into a reaction chamber and treated with a plasma. This supply operation is carried out in such a way that the total length of the substrate existing in a plasma processing region formed by electrodes is longer than the length of the electrodes.

Abstract: The dropout detection circuit of the invention includes: a high-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of a reflection signal of a light beam with a first time constant; a low-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of the reflection signal with a second time constant larger than the first time constant; a differential circuit for generating a difference signal indicating the difference between the envelopes detected by the envelope detection circuits; and a comparator for converting the difference signal to a binary value according to a predetermined binary criterion. The high-speed envelope detection circuit makes the first time constant larger during recording than during reproduction, to enable stable dropout detection irrespective of during reproduction or during recording.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an I/Q demodulator (21) comprising a n-port structure (1,16) is provided, wherein n is an integer value of 4,5 or 6. The demodulator (21) is supplied at a first input (3) with a RF signal (2) which has to be demodulated. At a second input (5) it is supplied with a second RF signal (4). The n?2 output signals (6) are detected by power sensors (7). After low pass filtering (14) the output signals of the power sensors (7) are multiplexed by a multiplexing means (8).

Abstract: An ultrasonic image processing apparatus allowing an ultrasonic image of an inspection object to be displayed using echo data in a three-dimensional region constructs a three-dimensional image based on the echo data by an image construction section. An image operation input section performs an operation for changing the display state of the constructed three-dimensional image. Also, an image display state changing section changes the display state of the three-dimensional image that has been constructed based on input information inputted by the image operation input section.

Abstract: The dropout detection circuit of the invention includes: a high-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of a reflection signal of a light beam with a first time constant; a low-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of the reflection signal with a second time constant larger than the first time constant; a differential circuit for generating a difference signal indicating the difference between the envelopes detected by the envelope detection circuits; and a comparator for converting the difference signal to a binary value according to a predetermined binary criterion. The high-speed envelope detection circuit makes the first time constant larger during recording than during reproduction, to enable stable dropout detection irrespective of during reproduction or during recording.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for the I/Q demodulation of modulated RF signals. The I/Q demodulator (60) has a first input for the RF signal (61) to be demodulated and a second input for a RF signal (62) originating from a local oscillator (20). The demodulator (60) combines the two RF signals (61,62) to generate three output signals supplied to three power detectors. In a combination unit (70) the three power signals of the power detectors are merged in two signal branches wherein after passing an A/D converting (72) and digital processing unit (73) one signal is the I component and the other one is the Q component of the received modulated RF signal (61).

Abstract: A control system for continuous rubber molding apparatus comprising; a feed portion for feeding a rubber material previously removed of foreign substances or particles in the previous step; an extruder for kneading the fed rubber material and feeding forward the kneaded material; and a gear pump for delivering the rubber material, fed from the extruder, to a forming nozzle, the forming nozzle continuously extruding a rubber ribbon used for building a tire. The control system comprises: a pressure sensor for sensing a pressure in the gear pump; pressure comparator for comparing a sensed pressure and a set value; and motor controller for controlling the number of revolutions of a motor based on a comparison result given by the pressure comparator, the motor operative to drive a screw of the extruder.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously winding a rubber strip extruded from a rubber-strip extruding machine, on a tire-building drum, comprises: a rubber-strip extruding machine including a gear pump for delivering the rubber material outputted from the extruder to a forming nozzle; a tire-building drum on which a rubber strip is wound, the rubber strip outputted from the rubber-strip extruding machine and having a predetermined sectional shape; a first driver unit for moving the extruding machine relative to the drum; a second driver unit for driving the drum into rotation; a pressure roller for pressing the rubber strip against the drum when the rubber strip is wound on the drum; and a control unit for controlling the first driver unit; said controlling being made such that said extruding machine is moved relative to the drum when the drum is driven as rotated, as to sequentially wind the rubber strip on the drum.

Abstract: Fiber for reinforcing rubber products, which comprises glass fiber coated with a coating film formed by a treating agent comprising a water-soluble condensate of resorcinol and formaldehyde, a latex of a solid acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer and a latex of a liquid acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer.

Abstract: By extracting a portion of RF signals from an input side of a multistage RF amplifier with a detector, and converting extracted signals into envelope signals, low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are efficiently extracted. Then, the extracted low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are amplified with a low-frequency amplifier, and phase adjusted with a phase shifter, after which they are injected into a gate or base bias of the final stage of the multistage RF amplifier. As a result, the low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are converted into third-harmonic distortion due to the non-linearity of transistors, and the third-harmonic distortion thus obtained cancels out the third-harmonic distortion originally present in the multistage RF amplifier.

Abstract: A high performance demodulator able to realize a further wide band property, low distortion characteristics, and low power consumption in comparison with a conventional multi-port demodulator and having a small fluctuation in characteristics with respect to temperature fluctuations and aging and comprising a five-port junction circuit 101 receiving a received signal Sr and a local signal Slo generated at a local signal generation circuit 102, generating three signals having a phase difference, detecting signal levels (amplitude components) of these signals to obtain three power detection signals (baseband signals) P1, P2, and P3; a first multiplier 103 for multiplying the power detection signal P1 output from a first power detector of the five-port junction circuit 101 by a coefficient A1 (=(?21/?11)2) for canceling square components of an interference signal and a local signal; a second multiplier 104 for multiplying the power detection signal P1 output from the first power detector by a coefficient A2 (=(?3

Abstract: A receiver includes a phased array antenna and a demodulator. The phased array antenna includes first and second antenna elements and a phase shifter for shifting the phase of a signal received by the first antenna element by a predetermined amount. The demodulator includes a first junction circuit which receives a local signal and a signal output from the phase shifter and which generates a plurality of signals having a phase difference; a second junction circuit which receives a local signal and a signal output from the second antenna element and which generates a plurality of signals having a phase difference; signal combiners for combining corresponding signals output from the two junction circuits; power detectors for detecting the signal levels of the output signals of the signal combiners; and a converter for converting the outputs signals of the power detectors so as to obtain IQ signals.

Abstract: An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiving apparatus having a sub-carrier selectively combining mode and an antenna selecting mode. The sub-carrier selectively combining mode is configured to selectively combine signals for each sub-carrier. The antenna selecting mode is configured to select a receiving antenna. The OFDM receiving apparatus operates in a proper operation mode based on a communication environment. As a result, in a poor communication environment, signals are selectively combined for each sub-carrier. However, in a relatively satisfactory communication environment, unnecessarily operation of an RF and IF circuit, an A/D converter, and a DDT connected to each receiving antenna may be avoided.

Abstract: The universal platform for the SDR of the present invention employs the direct conversion approach with the n-port MMIC followed by reconfigurable reprogrammable devices such as DSP's or FPGA's. The universal platform is based on the linear operation of the devices. Thus, the DC offset problem may be solved. It is also possible to support very wide bandwidths compared with conventional I/Q receivers. Therefore, the present universal platform is suitable for multimode and multiband communications.

Abstract: A demodulator for modulated RF signals comprises a passive four port structure (1). The four port structure (1) has a first input (3) for supplying a modulated RF signal to be demodulated. A second input (2) is supplied with a RF signal from a local oscillator (21). Two output terminals are connected to power sensors (4, 5). The RF signal from the local oscillator (21) is supplied to the second input (3) of the four port structure (1) without being RF switched by an RF switch. The demodulator is particularly useful for modulation schemes with a finite number of magnitude states (nQAM modulation).

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device taking the form of a thin film and having a substrate exhibiting poor thermal resistance. The device prevents thermal deformation which would normally be caused by local application of excessive heat to the substrate. The device has output terminals permitting the output from the device to be taken out. The output terminals are formed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the photoelectric conversion device. The device further includes electrical connector portions for electrically connecting the electrodes of the device with the output terminals. The present invention also provides a method of treating a substrate having poor thermal resistance with a plasma with a high throughput. The substrate is continuously supplied into a reaction chamber and treated with a plasma. This supply operation is carried out in such a way that the total length of the substrate existing in a plasma processing region formed by electrodes is longer than the length of the electrodes.

Abstract: A three port structure for the down conversion demodulation of a digitally modulated RF signal is proposed, wherein no RF switches are provided. The three port structure (1) has a first input (2) for the RF signal to be down converted and a second input (3) for a RF signal originating from a local oscillator (8). An output (4) of the three port structure (1) is supplied to a power sensor unit (5). The RF signal from the local oscillator (8) is modulated (7) before it is supplied to the three port structure (1).

Abstract: A high performance demodulator able to realize a further wide band property, low distortion characteristic, and low power consumption in comparison with a conventional multi-port demodulator and having a small fluctuation in characteristics with respect to fluctuation in temperatures and aging including a first branch circuit 1001 for branching a reception signal to first to third three signals; a second branch circuit 1002 for branching a local signal to first and second two signals; a first phase shifter 1003 for shifting the phase of the first local signal from the second branch circuit 1002 by a shift amount &thgr;1; a second phase shifter 1004 for shifting the phase of the second local signal from the second branch circuit 1002 by a shift amount &thgr;2; a first coupler circuit 1005 for coupling the second reception signal from the first branch circuit 1001 and the local signal shifted in the phase by the shift amount &thgr;1 by the first phase shifter 1003; a second coupler circuit 1006 for coupling the

Abstract: In a high-frequency amplifier circuit, a power detector detects input power, an A/D converter converts the detection output into a digital signal, and then a digital LPF averages the digital signal to obtain data of the average value of input power level. Control data corresponding to the data of the average value is supplied as a control voltage from a DC-to-DC converter controlling memory to a DC-to-DC converter via a D/A means. Thus, a low output voltage vdd is supplied from the DC-to-DC converter to a power amplifier as circuit supply voltage of the power amplifier at the times of medium and low output power to control unnecessary current consumption by the power amplifier and thereby increase efficiency of the power amplifier at the times of medium and low output power.

Abstract: A technique for calibrating a N-port receiver, such as for example a 5- or 6-port receiver is proposed. The N-port receiver (1) comprises a first input (2) for a RF signal to be detected, a second input (3) for a RF signal originating from a local oscillator (4) and N−2 output terminals. Calibrating signals are generated on the basis of the RF signal supplied by the local oscillator (4). The calibration signals are fed to the first input (2) and/or the second input (3) of the N-port receiver (1). Calibration coefficients are calculated on the basis of the output signals generated by the N-port receiver (1) in response to the feeding of the calibration signals. The calibration signals are unmodulated signals and are only processed by means of a passive RF circuitry in the calibration device (100). The solutions according to the present invention allow a simple calibration of N-port receivers, which can be used as IQ demodulators or converters.