Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device taking the form of a thin film and having a substrate exhibiting poor thermal resistance. The device prevents thermal deformation which would normally be caused by local application of excessive heat to the substrate. The device has output terminals permitting the output from the device to be taken out. The output terminals are formed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the photoelectric conversion device. The device further includes electrical connector portions for electrically connecting the electrodes of the device with the output terminals. The present invention also provides a method of treating a substrate having poor thermal resistance with a plasma with a high throughput. The substrate is continuously supplied into a reaction chamber and treated with a plasma. This supply operation is carried out in such a way that the total length of the substrate existing in a plasma processing region formed by electrodes is longer than the length of the electrodes.

Abstract: A high performance power detector not only suited for monolithic structures, small in size, low in cost, and suitabed for broadband high frequency operations, but also excellent in the linearity of the detection characteristic, having a small fluctuation of detection characteristic relative to the bias fluctuation, having a small fluctuation of detection characteristic relative to the FET threshold voltage fluctuation, and in addition having a small DC offset wherein an additional circuit is unnecessary even if the latter stage circuit has a balance input, and a demodulator using the same.

Abstract: A RF receiver for modulated RF signals based on a N-port junction (1) providing LO/RF isolation is proposed. N thereby is an integer larger than two, such that the N-port junction (1) can be preferably a three port, four port, five port and six port junction. The N-port junction (1) supplied with a first RF signal at a first input (2) and with a second RF signal originating from a local oscillator (2) at a second input (3). An isolation block (13) comprising an active circuitry (22) is comprised in the N-port junction for isolating the second input (3) from the first input (1). Thereby can be ensured that the LO signals are significantly attenuated at the RF port (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuitry for detecting the power of a RF signal (7) comprising a FET transistor (1) connected in parallel to two inputs (2, 2′) for supplying the RF signal and two outputs (13, 13′) for detecting the power of the RF signal (7). The circuitry has a resistor (9) having a resistance larger than the drain-source resistance of the FET transistor (1). This resistor (9) is connected between one of the outputs and the source (14) of the FET transistor (19. Further a capacitor (10) is connected between one of the input and the source of the FET transistor. The gate (8) of the FET transistor is connected to ground.

Abstract: By extracting a portion of RF signals from an input side of a multistage RF amplifier with a detector, and converting extracted signals into envelope signals, low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are efficiently extracted. Then, the extracted low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are amplified with a low-frequency amplifier, and phase adjusted with a phase shifter, after which they are injected into a gate or base bias of the final stage of the multistage RF amplifier. As a result, the low-frequency second-harmonic distortion components are converted into third-harmonic distortion due to the non-linearity of transistors, and the third-harmonic distortion thus obtained cancels out the third-harmonic distortion originally present in the multistage RF amplifier.

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus comprises: rotating means for rotating an information recording medium; a light source for irradiating a light beam onto a data side of the information recording medium; converging means for converging said light beam; focus error detecting means for detecting a difference between said data side and the focus of the light beam converged by said converging means; focus direction transferring means for transferring said converging means in a direction perpendicular to said data side; focus controlling means for driving said focus direction transferring means based on the output of said focus error detecting means in such a way that said light beam converges on said data side in a predetermined state; tracking direction transferring means for transferring said light source in the radius direction of said information recording medium; and tilt calculating means for calculating average values of the outputs of said focus controlling means obtained for a period of time, which is an integer

Abstract: A receiver is provided which can avoid demodulation performance from deteriorating due to changes in circuit constants caused by changes over time and temperature-dependent changes, prevent an increase in the receiver size, and realize a cost reduction. A switch control section is provided to perform control such that an input terminal of one of a plurality of phase varying circuits is selectively connected through a first switch circuit to any of an output terminal of an RF amplifier and a local signal output terminal of a local signal generating circuit, whereby the one phase varying circuit serves as a calibration circuit in the calibration processing that is executed in the non-reception mode. Also, the output terminal of the one phase varying circuit is selectively connected through a second switch circuit or a third switch circuit to any of one input terminal of a signal combiner and a first input terminal of a multi-port junction circuit in a multi-port direct conversion demodulating section.

Abstract: The dropout detection circuit of the invention includes: a high-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of a reflection signal of a light beam with a first time constant; a low-speed envelope detection circuit for detecting an envelope of the reflection signal with a second time constant larger than the first time constant; a differential circuit for generating a difference signal indicating the difference between the envelopes detected by the envelope detection circuits; and a comparator for converting the difference signal to a binary value according to a predetermined binary criterion. The high-speed envelope detection circuit makes the first time constant larger during recording than during reproduction, to enable stable dropout detection irrespective of during reproduction or during recording.

Abstract: A down converter for RF signals comprises one three port junction (7) having one input port six for modulated digital RF signals and two output ports (8, 9). The output ports (8, 9) are respectively connected to a power sensor (10, 11). The three port junction (7) comprises a power splitter (16) dividing the signal supply to the input terminal (6) of the two branches, processing means (17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24) for processing one of the branches and a four port junction device (20) for combining the two branches and for generating two output signals to be supplied to the output terminals (8, 9) of the three port junction (7). The processing means can comprise a delay unit (18) or alternatively a frequency divider (21), a plurality of filters (22, 24) and a frequency multiplicator (23).

Abstract: A receiver includes a phased array antenna and a demodulator. The phased array antenna includes first and second antenna elements and a phase shifter for shifting the phase of a signal received by the first antenna element by a predetermined amount. The demodulator includes a first junction circuit which receives a local signal and a signal output from the phase shifter and which generates a plurality of signals having a phase difference; a second junction circuit which receives a local signal and a signal output from the second antenna element and which generates a plurality of signals having a phase difference; signal combiners for combining corresponding signals output from the two junction circuits; power detectors for detecting the signal levels of the output signals of the signal combiners; and a converter for converting the outputs signals of the power detectors so as to obtain IQ signals.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a direct receiver technique based on one power measurement and time multiplexing of input signals. The proposed technique allows I/Q demodulation. The proposed technique bases on the passive linear three-port high frequency circuitry (1) having two RF signal input (2, 5) and one output port (3) attached to a power sensor (4). The signals output from the power sensor (4) is low pass filtered (17) and supplied to a DC interface. The proposed linear three-port circuitry (1) contains at least one RF switch and at least one passive circuit having at least one phase shifter functionality.

Abstract: Fiber for reinforcing rubber products, which comprises glass fiber coated with a coating film formed by a treating agent comprising a water-soluble condensate of resorcinol and formaldehyde, a latex of a solid acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer and a latex of a liquid acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer.

Abstract: In a high-frequency amplifier circuit, a power detector detects input power, an A/D converter converts the detection output into a digital signal, and then a digital LPF averages the digital signal to obtain data of the average value of input power level. Control data corresponding to the data of the average value is supplied as a control voltage from a DC-to-DC converter controlling memory to a DC-to-DC converter via a D/A means. Thus, a low output voltage Vdd is supplied from the DC-to-DC converter to a power amplifier as circuit supply voltage of the power amplifier at the times of medium and low output power to control unnecessary current consumption by the power amplifier and thereby increase efficiency of the power amplifier at the times of medium and low output power.

Abstract: A receiver is provided which can avoid demodulation performance from deteriorating due to changes in circuit constants caused by changes over time and temperature-dependent changes, prevent an increase in the receiver size, and realize a cost reduction. A switch control section is provided to perform control such that an input terminal of one of a plurality of phase varying circuits is selectively connected through a first switch circuit to any of an output terminal of an RF amplifier and a local signal output terminal of a local signal generating circuit, whereby the one phase varying circuit serves as a calibration circuit in the calibration processing that is executed in the non-reception mode. Also, the output terminal of the one phase varying circuit is selectively connected through a second switch circuit or a third switch circuit to any of one input terminal of a signal combiner and a first input terminal of a multi-port junction circuit in a multi-port direct conversion demodulating section.

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus corrects the tilting of the optical disc with a high accuracy using first and second tracking error signals. A first tracking error signal, which is an output of subtractor (125), obtained by the push-pull method is corrected by detecting a second tracking error signal. The second tracking error signal is obtained by using the difference of amplitude of first and second signals, which are outputs of adder (130). The first signal is obtained when the light beam passes over a first pit sequence formed in a position offset in one direction orthogonal to the track of disc (100). The second signal is obtained when the light beam passes over a second pit sequence formed in a position offset in the other direction orthogonal to the track.

Abstract: An optical disk control device comprises a playback signal detection unit for detecting data recorded on a disk by irradiating the disk with a converged light beam; a signal switching unit for successively selecting plural data signals obtained by the playback signal detection unit, and performing time-division-multiplexing on the selected signals; an A/D conversion unit for converting an analog signal which has been time-division-multiplexed by the signal switching unit, into a digital signal; an A/D conversion command unit for generating an A/D conversion command of the A/D conversion unit; a serial transfer unit for serial-transferring the command signal generated by the A/D conversion command unit; a serial reception unit for receiving the signal from the serial transfer unit, and controlling the signal selection operation of the signal switching unit on the basis of the received signal; and an arithmetic unit for generating an optical disk drive controlling signal by performing arithmetic processing on t

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuitry for detecting the power of a RF signal (7) comprising a FET transistor (1) connected in parallel to two inputs (2, 2′) for supplying the RF signal and two outputs (13, 13′) for detecting the power of the RF signal (7). The circuitry has a resistor (9) having a resistance larger than the drain-source resistance of the FET transistor (1). This resistor (9) is connected between one of the outputs and the source (14) of the FET transistor (19. Further a capacitor (10) is connected between one of the input and the source of the FET transistor. The gate (8) of the FET transistor is connected to ground.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an I/Q demodulator (21) comprising a n-port structure (1,16) is provided, wherein n is an integer value of 4,5 or 6. The demodulator (21) is supplied at a first input (3) with a RF signal (2) which has to be demodulated. At a second input (5) it is supplied with a second RF signal (4). The n−2 output signals (6) are detected by power sensors (7). After low pass filtering (14) the output signals of the power sensors (7) are multiplexed by a multiplexing means (8).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simple method for preparing a quinolinone derivative, which is effective as a medicine, e.g., as an agent for treating allergic diseases and the like; novel amide derivatives effective as an intermediate in the method, novel quinolinone derivatives obtained according to the method; and an anti-allergic agent containing a quinolinone derivative and/or physiological salt of the same as the active ingredients.

Abstract: To realize a high frequency power detection circuit constituting a detection circuit by a GaAs semiconductor and thereby capable of realizing a small sized, low cost, and broad band detection circuit and suppressing variations in the detection characteristics due to variations in a pinchoff voltage of the field effect transistors, the invention is a detection circuit for detecting an envelope of a high frequency signal, comprising a field effect transistor to the gate of which the high frequency signal is input, a gate bias circuit for providing a gate bias voltage to the gate of the field effect transistor, a capacitor connected between the drain of the field effect transistor and the ground, and a load capacitor and a load resistor connected in parallel between the source of the field effect transistor and the ground, wherein a detection signal corresponding to the envelope of the high frequency input signal is output from the source of the field effect transistor.