Abstract: A multifunction hydrotreater includes a particulate removal zone having a particulate trap to remove particulate contaminants from a coal tar stream and a demetallizing zone including a demetallizing catalyst to remove organically bound metals from the departiculated stream. The demetallizing zone is positioned after the particulate removal zone. The hydrotreater also includes a hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrodeoxygenation zone positioned after the demetallization zone, which includes at least one hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrodeoxygenation catalyst to provide a hydrotreated coal tar stream.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a coal tar stream is described. A coal tar stream is provided, and the coal tar stream is expanded with an inert gas stream to provide an expanded liquid coal tar stream. The expanded liquid coal tar stream is hydrotreated. The coal tar stream can be reacted with a hydrocarbon solvent before it is expanded.

Abstract: A process for producing alkylated aromatic compounds includes pyrolyzing a coal feed to produce a coke stream and a coal tar stream. The coal tar stream is hydrotreated and the resulting hydrotreated coal tar stream is cracked. A portion of the cracked coal tar stream is separated to obtain a fraction having an initial boiling point in the range of about 60° C. to about 180° C., and an aromatics-rich hydrocarbon stream is extracted by contacting the fraction with one or more solvents. The aromatics-rich hydrocarbon stream is contacted with an alkylating agent to produce an alkylated aromatic stream, or the aromatics-rich hydrocarbon stream is reacted with an aliphatic compound or methanol in the presence of a catalyst to produce a methylated aromatic stream. The alkylated aromatic stream, the methylated aromatic stream, or both are separated into at least a benzene stream, a toluene stream, and a xylenes stream.

Abstract: A process for gasifying and pyrolyzing coal is described. A first coal feed is pyrolyzed into a coal tar stream and a coke stream in a pyrolysis zone. A second coal feed is gasified in a gasification zone to produce an effluent stream. Contaminants are removed from the effluent stream to provide a purified effluent stream. The purified effluent stream is introduced to the pyrolysis zone.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a slurry hydrocracking process. The process can include providing one or more hydrocarbon compounds having an initial boiling point temperature of at least about 340° C., and a slurry catalyst to a slurry hydrocracking zone. The slurry catalyst may have about 32-about 50%, by weight, iron; about 3-about 14%, by weight, aluminum; no more than about 10%, by weight, sodium; and about 2-about 10%, by weight, calcium. Typically, all catalytic component percentages are as metal and based on the weight of the dried slurry catalyst.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a slurry hydrocracking process. The process can include providing one or more hydrocarbon compounds having an initial boiling point temperature of at least about 340° C., and a slurry catalyst to a slurry hydrocracking zone. The slurry catalyst may have about 32- about 50%, by weight, iron; about 3- about 14%, by weight, aluminum; no more than about 10%, by weight, sodium; and about 2- about 10%, by weight, calcium. Typically, all catalytic component percentages are as metal and based on the weight of the dried slurry catalyst.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising molybdenum supported on a base, such as boehmite or pseudo-boehmite alumina. Iron oxide may also be in the base. The base is preferably bauxite. The heavy hydrocarbon slurry is hydrocracked in the presence of the catalyst to produce lighter hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising molybdenum supported on a base, such as boehmite or pseudo-boehmite alumina. Iron oxide may also be in the base. The base is preferably bauxite. The heavy hydrocarbon slurry is hydrocracked in the presence of the catalyst to produce lighter hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A hydrogenolysis method for converting glycerol into propylene glycol by directing a glycerol containing feed having a pH of about 10 or more to a reaction section including at least one glycerol conversion catalyst and operating at glycerol conversions conditions to form a reaction product including propylene glycol.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising molybdenum supported on a base, such as boehmite or pseudo-boehmite alumina. Iron oxide may also be in the base. The base is preferably bauxite. The heavy hydrocarbon slurry is hydrocracked in the presence of the catalyst to produce lighter hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising molybdenum supported on a base, such as boehmite or pseudo-boehmite alumina. Iron oxide may also be in the base. The base is preferably bauxite. The heavy hydrocarbon slurry is hydrocracked in the presence of the catalyst to produce lighter hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising molybdenum supported on a base, such as boehmite or pseudo-boehmite alumina. Iron oxide may also be in the base. The base is preferably bauxite. The heavy hydrocarbon slurry is hydrocracked in the presence of the catalyst to produce lighter hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting glycerol into propylene glycol by directing a basic glycerol containing feed and a hydrogen containing gas into a reaction zone including a fixed bed of catalyst that is operating at glycerol conversion conditions where the reactor includes and at least one quench zone and directing a quench material into the quench zone.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. Performance of the iron oxide and alumina catalyst at high mean particle diameters is comparable to performance at low mean particle diameters.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for desorbing one or more polynuclear aromatics from at least one fraction from a hydrocracking zone using an adsorption zone. The adsorption zone can include first and second vessels. Generally, the process includes passing the at least one fraction from an effluent of the hydrocracking zone through the first vessel containing a first activated carbon, and passing a petroleum fraction boiling in the range of about 200-about 400° C. for desorbing the one or more polynuclear aromatics through the second vessel containing a second activated carbon.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for desorbing one or more polynuclear aromatics from at least one fraction from a hydrocracking zone using an adsorption zone. The adsorption zone can include first and second vessels. Generally, the process includes passing the at least one fraction from an effluent of the hydrocracking zone through the first vessel containing a first activated carbon, and passing a petroleum fraction boiling in the range of about 200-about 400° C. for desorbing the one or more polynuclear aromatics through the second vessel containing a second activated carbon.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. Performance of the iron oxide and alumina catalyst at high mean particle diameters is comparable to performance at low mean particle diameters.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. Performance of the iron oxide and alumina catalyst is not substantially affected by significant quantities of water on the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of methane to methanol has been developed. The process involves contacting a gas stream, comprising methane, a solvent and an oxidizing agent with a bimetallic catalyst at oxidation conditions to produce a methyl ester. Finally, the methyl ester is hydrolyzed to yield a methanol product stream. The bimetallic catalyst comprises at least two transition metal components. One example of the catalytic component is a combination of cobalt and manganese.

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of methane to methanol has been developed. The process involves contacting a gas stream, comprising methane, a solvent and an oxidizing agent with a catalyst at oxidation conditions to produce a methyl ester. Finally, the methyl ester is hydrolyzed to yield a methanol product stream. The catalyst comprises a transition metal component such as manganese oxide and an inorganic oxide such as silica. The transition metal component can be dispersed onto the inorganic oxide.