Abstract: The present application provides compounds that modulate the activity of one or more eIF2? kinases. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating diseases related to one or more eIF2? kinases are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycated Amadori products of the CD59 peptide and fragments thereof to be used as tools and among methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Certain aspects of the invention include glycated Amadori products of CD59 and fragments thereof to be used for the generation of antibodies and antibody fragments. Still other aspects of the invention include methodologies for the preparation of glycated Amadori products of CD59, fragments thereof, the inventive antibodies, and antibody fragments.

Abstract: Anti-CD59 and anti-glycated CD59 antibodies are disclosed. Assays, diagnostics, kits, and assay components including such antibodies are provided. Methods for the assessment of diabetes-related indications are included as well as inhibitors of CD59 glycation and methods of evaluating such inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycated Amadori products of the CD59 peptide and fragments thereof to be used as tools and among methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Certain aspects of the invention include glycated Amadori products of CD59 and fragments thereof to be used for the generation of antibodies and antibody fragments. Still other aspects of the invention include methodologies for the preparation of glycated Amadori products of CD59, fragments thereof, the inventive antibodies, and antibody fragments.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycated Amadori products of the CD59 peptide and fragments thereof to be used as tools and among methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Certain aspects of the invention include glycated Amadori products of CD59 and fragments thereof to be used for the generation of antibodies and antibody fragments. Still other aspects of the invention include methodologies for the preparation of glycated Amadori products of CD59, fragments thereof, the inventive antibodies, and antibody fragments.

Abstract: Anti-CD59 and anti-glycated CD59 antibodies are disclosed. Assays, diagnostics, kits, and assay components including such antibodies are provided. Methods for the assessment of diabetes-related indications are included as well as inhibitors of CD59 glycation and methods of evaluating such inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention involves assays, diagnostics, kits, and assay components for determining levels of glycated CD59 in the assessment of gestational diabetes mellitus and/or related disorders and/or conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that are surrogates of post-translationally modified proteins and uses thereof. Numerous diseases are associated with post-translationally modified proteins that are difficult to obtain in homogenous form and in quantities needed for immunization and use as convenient standards, calibrators, and/or reference compounds that facilitate the detection and analysis of endogenous post-translationally modified proteins. The surrogate compounds of the invention typically comprise antigenic epitopes (one of which carries a post-translational modification) that are tethered by a flexible and hydrophilic linker. The resulting compound behaves like a surrogate of the post-translationally modified protein because it preserves the character of the included antigens and allows recognition by specific antibodies targeting the individual antigens.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycated Amadori products of the CD59 peptide and fragments thereof to be used as tools and among methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Certain aspects of the invention include glycated Amadori products of CD59 and fragments thereof to be used for the generation of antibodies and antibody fragments. Still other aspects of the invention include methodologies for the preparation of glycated Amadori products of CD59, fragments thereof, the inventive antibodies, and antibody fragments.

Abstract: A method for determining the translation initiation inhibitory potency of a composition having an unknown level of translation initiation inhibitory activity which comprises contacting an eI-F2?-WT cell with said composition for a time and at a temperature effective to inhibit proliferation of said cell, measuring the level of inhibition of proliferation of said eIF2?-WT cells induced by said sample and comparing the level of inhibition of proliferation induced by said sample with the level of inhibition of proliferation induced by a standard having a known amount of said activity, the amount of said translation initiation inhibitory activity in said sample being proportional to the level of inhibition of proliferation of said eIF2?-WT cell.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation initiation are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using N,N?-diarylureas and/or N,N?-diarylthiourea compounds are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that are surrogates of post-translationally modified proteins and uses thereof. Numerous diseases are associated with post-translationally modified proteins that are difficult to obtain in homogenous form and in quantities needed for immunization and use as convenient standards, calibrators, and/or reference compounds that facilitate the detection and analysis of endogenous post-translationally modified proteins. The surrogate compounds of the invention typically comprise antigenic epitopes (one of which carries a post-translational modification) that are tethered by a flexible and hydrophilic linker. The resulting compound behaves like a surrogate of the post-translationally modified protein because it preserves the character of the included antigens and allows recognition by specific antibodies targeting the individual antigens.

Abstract: The invention involves assays, diagnostics, kits, and assay components for determining levels of glycated CD59 in the assessment of gestational diabetes mellitus and/or related disorders and/or conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that are surrogates of post-translationally modified proteins and uses thereof. Numerous diseases are associated with post-translationally modified proteins that are difficult to obtain in homogenous form and in quantities needed for immunization and use as convenient standards, calibrators, and/or reference compounds that facilitate the detection and analysis of endogenous post-translationally modified proteins. The surrogate compounds of the invention typically comprise antigenic epitopes (one of which carries a post-translational modification) that are tethered by a flexible and hydrophilic linker. The resulting compound behaves like a surrogate of the post-translationally modified protein because it preserves the character of the included antigens and allows recognition by specific antibodies targeting the individual antigens.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to substituted urea eIF2? kinase activators including methods of making and using the same. For example, such activators can include cycloalkyl aryl ureas, which activate at least one eIF2? kinase. These compounds may be useful for treatment of diseases such as, for example, cancer, hemolytic anemia not caused by infectious agents, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, neurodegenerative disease, tuberous sclerosis complex, fragile-X syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and ribosomal defect disease.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation initiation are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using N,N?-diarylureas and/or N,N?-diarylthiourea compounds are described.

Abstract: The invention involves assays, diagnostics, kits, and assay components for determining levels of glycated CD59 in the assessment of gestational diabetes mellitus and/or related disorders and/or conditions. Some kits comprise a capture antibody capable of associating with a capture epitope on CD59, wherein said capture epitope may lack lysine residue number 41 (K41). Kits may also comprise a detection antibody capable of associating with a detection epitope on CD59. Such detection epitopes may comprise glycated K41.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation initiation are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using N,N?-diarylureas and/or N,N?-diarylthiourea compounds are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that are surrogates of post-translationally modified proteins and uses thereof. Numerous diseases are associated with post-translationally modified proteins that are difficult to obtain in homogenous form and in quantities needed for immunization and use as convenient standards, calibrators, and/or reference compounds that facilitate the detection and analysis of endogenous post-translationally modified proteins. The surrogate compounds of the invention typically comprise antigenic epitopes (one of which carries a post-translational modification) that are tethered by a flexible and hydrophilic linker. The resulting compound behaves like a surrogate of the post-translationally modified protein because it preserves the character of the included antigens and allows recognition by specific antibodies targeting the individual antigens.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using diaryloxindole compounds are described.