Abstract: An explicit rate congestion control system and method to support available bit rate service in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks is provided. The system and method observe the maximum usage of different connections and incorporates both rate and queue length information to achieve a stable operation of the ATM network. The control of congestion and fairness is separated which permits the system and method to have a common framework to support multiple fairness criteria. The system and method may operate with switches implementing both aggregate and per connection queuing at their ports. In the method, the number of active connections at a bottleneck node is only used to normalize control and to redistribute spare bandwidth during transient conditions and does not affect the steady state fair rate used by each connection.

Abstract: Waste energetic compositions such as solid rocket propellant are treated to reclaim aluminum particles in a form in which they can be reused for the same purpose and to convert the hydrocarbon values of the binder to a useful oil product, by leaching out oxidizer, and heating the aluminum-filled binder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The resulting pyrolysis causes the evolution of the oil components as a vapor which is removed, condensed and collected for use as an oil having properties similar to those of diesel oil, leaving as a residue the aluminum particles in the same form in which they were used in the original preparation of the composition now being treated as waste.

Abstract: Potentially hazardous compositions containing solid combustible fuels, oxidants, nitro-containing, nitramine-containing or nitrato-containing compounds and, in many cases, binders are desensitized by electrolysis at low current and over an extended period of time. According to one disclosed method, compositions containing binders are first oxidized at the anode to cause decomposition and swelling of the binder, followed by further oxidation of the remaining components of the composition or switching of the polarity to cause reduction, as needed. According to another disclosed method, the composition is retained in a reaction vessel separate from the electrolysis cell, and the aqueous leachant from the composition is circulated in two portions through the two halves of the electrolysis cell to form strong oxidizing and reducing reagents, respectively, which are then circulated in succession through the reaction vessel to decompose the composition.