Abstract: An illumination device includes a light source 45, a reflection plate 41 for reflecting the light irradiated from the light source 45, and a transmissive and diffusive member 42 for transmitting and diffusing the light from the light source 45 and the reflected light from the reflection plate 41, so that the light transmitted and diffused in the member 42 may be used for illumination. With this indirect illuminating system, an entire area can be uniformly illuminated with high efficiency, almost free of luminance spots. When the illuminating device is used in a plant growth apparatus, uniformity of plant growth is enhanced and the yield of the plants is improved. In addition, space for planting can be utilized to the maximum so that the number of grown plants significantly increases as compared with the conventional direct illumination system.

Abstract: A pattern forming system 1 includes a checking apparatus 400, a storage device 502, and a control section 500. The checking apparatus 400 is configured to measure and check a state of a resist pattern formed on a substrate W after a developing process and output a first check result thus obtained, and to measure and check a state of a pattern formed on the substrate after an etching process and output a second check result thus obtained. The storage device 502 stores a correlation formula obtained from the first check result and the second check result. The control section 500 is configured to use the correlation formula to obtain a target value of the state of the pattern after the developing process from a target value of the state of the pattern after the etching process, and to use a difference between the target value of the state of the pattern after the developing process and the first check result to set a condition for the first heat process and/or the second heat process.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a tongue cleaner which can be used with one hand without damaging an inside surface of a roof of the mouth. A tongue cleaner of the present invention comprises a head 1, and a rod-shaped handle 3 connected to one end of the head 1. The tongue cleaner includes, on either its front or its back face, a flat and thin head with a concavely curved face having a valley portion extending parallel to a longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped handle, and a woven textile 4 having a roughened surface, serving as a sheet having a porous or multi-gap structure, attached to the concavely curved face 1a. When cleaning both sides of a tongue, the concavely curved face 1a of the head 1 is used. The head 1 can be moved back and forth while pressing it against a tongue, without causing any concerns for possible lateral displacement of the head on the surface of the tongue and without causing nausea during the cleaning.

Abstract: A pattern forming system 1 includes a checking apparatus 400 and a control section 500. The checking apparatus 400 is configured to measure and check a sidewall angle SWA of a resist pattern formed on a substrate W after a developing process. The control section 500 is configured to use a difference between a target value of the sidewall angle SWA of the resist pattern after the developing process and a check result of the sidewall angle SWA obtained by the checking apparatus 400, to set a process condition for a first heat process 71 to 74 or a second heat process 84 to 89 so as to cause the sidewall angle SWA to approximate the target value thereof after the developing process.

Abstract: A pattern forming system 1 is configured to execute a series of processes, which includes a first heat process for performing a heat process on a substrate W after a resist liquid coating process, a light exposure process for performing light exposure on a resist film in accordance with a predetermined pattern, a second heat process for promoting a chemical reaction in the resist film after the light exposure, a developing process for developing the resist film after the light exposure, and an etching process for etching an oxide film by use of a resist pattern formed by the developing process as a mask. The system includes a checking apparatus 400 configured to measure and check a state of a pattern formed after the etching process, and a control section 500 configured to use a check result to set a condition for the first heat process and/or the second heat process so as to cause the state of the pattern to be uniform on a surface of the substrate W after the etching process.

Abstract: A resist pattern forming apparatus comprising a controller having a controlling portion that controls a processing of a coating and developing apparatus with a coating unit and a developing unit being provided therewith and an aligner being connected thereto, while an inspecting portion and the like measures at least one of a plurality of measurement items selected from, a reflection ratio and a film thickness of a base film and a resist film, a line width after the development, an accuracy that the base film matches with a resist pattern, a defect after the development, and so on. The measured data is transmitted to the controller. At the controller, a parameter subject to an amendment is selected based on the corresponding data of each of the measurement item such as the film thickness of the resist and the line width after the development, and the amendment of the parameters subject to the amendment is performed.

Abstract: In the present invention, in the photolithography process in which a certain processing condition has been already set, a resist film on a substrate is exposed to light using a mask, which reduces only zero-order light of a light source at a predetermined light reduction rate and transmits the light, and then heated and developed so that the film on the substrate is reduced. Thereafter, the reduction in film thickness of the resist film is measured. The measured reduction in film thickness is then converted into a line width of a resist pattern on the already-set processing condition by a correlation function between the reduction in film thickness and the line width. Based on the converted line width, the temperature setting of the heating temperature at the time of heating after the exposure is performed. Consequently, the condition setting in the photolithography process is appropriately performed, resulting in improved uniformity of the line width of the resist pattern within the substrate.

Abstract: In optical line width measurement performed using the scatterometry technique, the present invention measures the line width formed on a substrate more accurately than in the prior art. After a predetermined pattern is formed in a resist film on a substrate, the refractive index and the extinction coefficient of the resist film are measured. Based on the measured values, calculation is performed to obtain calculated light intensity distributions of reflected light reflected from a plurality of virtual patterns. The calculated light intensity distributions are stored, and their library is created. The substrate for which the refractive index and so on are measured is irradiated with light, and the light intensity distribution of its reflected light is measured.

Abstract: A method for controlling a viscosity of a slurry includes the steps of preparing a slurry in which dispersion particles exhibiting a first median diameter are dispersed, and dispersing fine particles exhibiting a second median diameter, which is smaller than the first median diameter of the dispersion particles, in the slurry. When the dispersion particles exhibiting a larger median diameter and the fine particle exhibiting a smaller median diameter make a slurry, the resulting slurry exhibits a reduced viscosity.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst is provided in which alloying of precious metals is prevented even at high temperatures so that degradation of catalyst can be inhibited. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises a substrate serving as a passage of exhaust gas; and a catalyst coating layer formed on the internal surface of the through hole and including precious metals and a refractory inorganic oxide. The catalyst coating layer formed in the area A located on the upstream portion of the passage with respect to the flow direction of exhaust gas contains a precious metal, Rh. The weight ratio of Rh and the precious metal other than Rh is 1:0 to 0.5. The catalyst coating layer formed in the area B located on the downstream portion of the passage contains precious metal other than Rh. The weight of the precious metal other than Rh is larger than the weight of Rh.

Abstract: In the present invention, in the photolithography process in which a certain processing condition has been already set, a resist film on a substrate is exposed to light using a mask, which reduces only zero-order light of a light source at a predetermined light reduction rate and transmits the light, and then heated and developed so that the film on the substrate is reduced. Thereafter, the reduction in film thickness of the resist film is measured. The measured reduction in film thickness is then converted into a line width of a resist pattern on the already-set processing condition by a correlation function between the reduction in film thickness and the line width. Based on the converted line width, the temperature setting of the heating temperature at the time of heating after the exposure is performed. Consequently, the condition setting in the photolithography process is appropriately performed, resulting in improved uniformity of the line width of the resist pattern within the substrate.

Abstract: In the present invention, in the photolithography process in which a certain focus condition has been already set, a film on a substrate is exposed to only zero-order light of a light source transmitted, and then developed to reduce a first portion of the film on the substrate. Further, the film on the substrate is exposed to zero-order light and higher order light of the light source transmitted, and then developed to reduce a second portion of the film on the substrate. Thereafter, the film thicknesses of the first portion and the second portion are measured, and the measured film thicknesses of the first portion and the second portion are converted into line widths of a resist pattern by previously obtained correlations between the film thicknesses and the line widths. The converted line width of the second portion is then subtracted from the converted line width of the first portion, whereby the line width depending only on the focus component is calculated.

Abstract: A resist pattern forming method using a coating and developing apparatus and an aligner being connected thereto which are controlled to form a resist film on a surface of a substrate with a base film and a base pattern formed thereon, followed by inspecting at least one of a plurality of measurement items selected from: reflection ratio and film thickness of the base film and the resist film, line width after a development, an accuracy that the base pattern matches with a resist pattern, a defect on the surface after the development, etc. A parameter subject to amendment is selected based on corresponding data of each measurement item, such as the film thickness of the resist and the line width after the development, and amendment of the parameter is performed. This results in a reduced workload of an operator, and an appropriate amendment can be performed.

Abstract: When a base film of a substrate is formed, for instance, on a scribe line of a wafer, a quadrangular first inspection pattern is formed in advance, and when a resist pattern is formed, a second inspection pattern are formed so as to be on a straight line to the first inspection pattern in a top plan view. When light is irradiated to a region including the first inspection pattern and the second inspection pattern and a spectrum is formed based on the reflected diffracted light, information of a line width of the second inspection pattern and a pitch of both inspection patterns is contained therein. In this connection, by preparing in advance a group of spectra based on various kinds of inspection patterns according to simulation and by comparing with an actual spectrum, the most approximate spectrum is selected, and thereby the line width and the pitch are estimated to evaluate the resist pattern.

Abstract: A resist pattern forming apparatus comprising a controller having a controlling portion that controls a processing of a coating and developing apparatus with a coating unit and a developing unit being provided therewith and an aligner being connected thereto, while an inspecting portion and the like measures at least one of a plurality of measurement items selected from, a reflection ratio and a film thickness of a base film and a resist film, a line width after the development, an accuracy that the base film matches with a resist pattern, a defect after the development, and so on. The measured data is transmitted to the controller. At the controller, a parameter subject to an amendment is selected based on the corresponding data of each of the measurement item such as the film thickness of the resist and the line width after the development, and the amendment of the parameters subject to the amendment is performed.

Abstract: A DRAM has, in one embodiment, a plurality of word lines each having its upper and side surfaces covered with a first insulating film, a plurality of bit lines each being provided so as to be insulated from and transverse to the word lines and being covered with a second insulating film, and a plurality of memory cells each provided at an intersection between one word line and one bit line and including a capacitor and a memory cell selection transistor, in which contact holes for connection between semiconductor regions and capacitors and between semiconductor regions and bit lines are formed in self-alignment and the second insulating film is made of a material having a permittivity smaller than that of the first insulating film.

Abstract: A coating apparatus (10) includes: a substrate holding section (16) which holds a substrate having a step on a major surface; a coating section (31) which applies a plurality of liquids different in viscosity from each other on a substrate; and a control section (70) which controls the coating section according to an arrangement of a step on the substrate. It is possible to effectively eliminate the steps of the substrate by applying the plural liquids different in viscosity according to the arrangement of the steps.

Abstract: According to the present invention, in a coating treatment apparatus comprising a rotary holding member and a coating solution discharge member, positional adjustment of the holding position of the substrate with respect to the rotary holding member and a discharge position of a coating solution discharge member is quickly and accurately performed, so that the time required for the positional adjustment can be shortened. Further, variations in accuracy of the positional adjustment depending on the degree of proficiency of operator can be eliminated, realizing positional adjustment with a high precision at all times.

Abstract: In optical line width measurement performed using the scatterometry technique, the present invention measures the line width formed on a substrate more accurately than in the prior art. After a predetermined pattern is formed in a resist film on a substrate, the refractive index and the extinction coefficient of the resist film are measured. Based on the measured values, calculation is performed to obtain calculated light intensity distributions of reflected light reflected from a plurality of virtual patterns. The calculated light intensity distributions are stored, and their library is created. The substrate for which the refractive index and so on are measured is irradiated with light, and the light intensity distribution of its reflected light is measured.

Abstract: When a base film of a substrate is formed, for instance, on a scribe line of a wafer, a quadrangular first inspection pattern is formed in advance, and when a resist pattern is formed, a second inspection pattern are formed so as to be on a straight line to the first inspection pattern in a top plan view. When light is irradiated to a region including the first inspection pattern and the second inspection pattern and a spectrum is formed based on the reflected diffracted light, information of a line width of the second inspection pattern and a pitch of both inspection patterns is contained therein. In this connection, by preparing in advance a group of spectra based on various kinds of inspection patterns according to simulation and by comparing with an actual spectrum, the most approximate spectrum is selected, and thereby the line width and the pitch are estimated to evaluate the resist pattern.