Abstract: Embodiments include methods for a wireless communication device comprising a main receiver and a wake-up receiver (WUR) having a channel selective filter. Such methods include determining a correlation metric for the WUR, based on the following: a signal received via the WUR using the channel selective filter configured according to a first one of a plurality of available bandwidths, and a reference signal that is representative of a wake-up signal (WUS) transmitted by an access point node. Such methods include detecting a WUS included in the received signal based on the correlation metric in relation to a first threshold, and in response to detecting the WUS, selecting a second one of the available bandwidths for the channel selective filter, based on the correlation metric in relation to a second threshold. Other embodiments include complementary methods for an access point node, as well as apparatus configured to perform such methods.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and device-readable mediums are disclosed relating to wireless access in a network requiring a carrier-sense mechanism. One aspect provides a method performed by a transmitting device for transmitting to a receiving device in a wireless communications network. The transmitting device comprises a plurality of antenna elements. The method comprises: performing a directional carrier-sense assessment for one or more sub-bands configured for transmissions between the transmitting device and the receiving device, the directional carrier-sense assessment utilizing beamforming to detect a respective level of wireless activity on each of the sub-bands in a particular direction for transmissions to the receiving device; selecting a respective transmit power for each sub-band based on the determined level of wireless activity; and transmitting to the receiving device in the particular direction, using the respective selected transmit power for each sub-band.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided. In an example aspect, a method of transmitting a multicarrier symbol comprising a plurality of subcarriers simultaneously from a plurality of antennas is provided. Each subcarrier is associated with a respective orthogonal matrix. The method comprises transmitting the symbol from the plurality of antennas such that, for each antenna, the symbol transmitted from each subcarrier is multiplied by an element of a respective row of the matrix associated with the subcarrier, wherein the row is associated with the antenna. The matrices are selected such that from each antenna, the symbol transmitted from at least one subcarrier is multiplied by a non-zero element, and the symbol transmitted from at least one other subcarrier is multiplied by a zero element.

Abstract: A method of transmitting an On-Off Keying, OOK, signal includes an ON waveform and an OFF waveform forming a pattern representing transmitted information. The method includes obtaining a basic baseband waveform; scrambling the basic baseband waveform by applying a first binary randomised sequence where one of the binary values cause transformation to a complex conjugate, modulating the information to be transmitted by applying the scrambled basic baseband waveform for the ON waveform and applying no waveform for the OFF waveform; and transmitting the modulated information.

Abstract: Changing the normal metabolic environment of cancer cells by using artificial diets in which the levels and ratios of specific amino acids and lipids are manipulated. Because of their DNA alterations, cancer cells will not be able to fully adapt to the new metabolic environment, which will reduce their survival capacity and their protection against the immune system. Artificial diet compositions are provided that induce remarkable anticancer activities in animal models of metastatic cancers; these activities were higher than in mice receiving the pharmacological treatments used in cancer patients. The levels of methionine and leucine have a major impact on the in vivo anticancer activity of the diets. In all the active diets, the levels of methionine are less than or equal to 0.6% and the levels of leucine are less than or equal to 10%, based on the total weight of the whole dry composition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting a symbol from a plurality of antennas. In one example, a method comprises transmitting simultaneously, from each antenna, the symbol multiplied by a respective element of a selected column of a matrix. The number of rows of the matrix is at least the number of antennas, the number of columns of the matrix is at least 6, and the matrix comprises or is a sub-matrix of a Butson-type Hadamard matrix that includes only a minimum number of non-real elements.

Abstract: An approach is provided for sensing changes in a physical environment, where a transmitter transmits a request for measurement of at least one symbol. The request includes an identifier and an indication of the at least one symbol. A signal comprising the at least one symbol, is transmitted, and a measurement report for the at least one symbol is received. A receiver receives a request for measurement of at least one symbol in which the request includes an identifier and an indication of the at least one symbol. A signal including the at least one symbolis received. Measurements are reported on the at least one symbol to provide a measurement report, and the measurement report is transmitted.

Abstract: A method for a wireless transmitter is disclosed. The method comprises transmitting a wake-up signal over a frequency range during a time interval by transmitting a first signal part over a first frequency interval within the frequency range during the time interval and transmitting a second signal part over a second frequency interval within the frequency range during the time interval. The first and second frequency intervals are non-overlapping. The first signal part has a first auto-correlation value, and the second signal part is specifically constructed to provide a second autocorrelation value of the signal comprising the first and second signal parts which is lower than the first auto-correlation value. The invention to solve the problem of false detection of an MC-OOK modulated wake-up signal in an IEEE 802.11 system using OFDM.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions that include carvacrol, in an amount sufficient to provide an antimicrobial effect. For example, the compositions can include 0.1% to 2% by weight of carvacrol. The cleaning compositions advantageously further include a surfactant, particularly an anionic surfactant, which enhances the antimicrobial efficacy characteristics of the carvacrol. For example, the composition can include at least 0.1%, at least 0.3%, or at least 0.5% of one or more anionic surfactants. Alkyl sulfates (e.g., C8 to C12 alkyl sulfates) are particularly suitable. A buffer may also be present. The compositions may have a relatively high pH, e.g., 9 to 12. The cleaning composition may exhibit a significant log reduction against a target microorganism (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and/or others) within a given time period (e.g., 10 minutes, 5 minutes, or the like), when used on a target surface.

Abstract: An access point of a wireless communication system configures a carrier for communication with one or more wireless devices associated with the access point. Further, the access point contends at least with one or more other access points for access to the carrier. Further, the access point cooperates with the one or more further access points by sharing a transmission opportunity, TXOP. The TXOP is reserved on the carrier by one of the access points, in response to this access point gaining access to the carrier. Before transmitting data in the shared TXOP, the access point performs a Ready-to-Send/Clear-to-Send, RTS/CTS, procedure. Further, the access point coordinates the RTS/CTS procedure with an RTS/CTS procedure respectively performed by each of the one or more other access points sharing the TXOP.

Abstract: A method of transmitting an On-Off Keying, OOK, signal includes an ON waveform and an OFF waveform forming a pattern representing transmitted information. The method includes obtaining a basic baseband waveform; scrambling the basic baseband waveform by applying a first binary randomised sequence where one of the binary values cause transformation to a complex conjugate, modulating the information to be transmitted by applying the scrambled basic baseband waveform for the ON waveform and applying no waveform for the OFF waveform; and transmitting the modulated information.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of a transmitter configured to transmit one or more physical layer packets, which together have a plurality of measurement signals for channel estimation. The method includes receiving (from a sensing device) a precoding setting request for the measurement signals for channel estimation, wherein the precoding setting request is indicative of one or more precoding settings prioritized for sensing, configuring the transmitter to use precoding settings for the plurality of measurement signals for channel estimation based on the precoding setting request, and transmitting the one or more physical layer packets. A method is also disclosed of a receiver configured to operate as a sensing device.

Abstract: A method of transmitting signals includes transmitting a signal from a plurality of antennas over a plurality of subcarriers. The signal is on-off keyed and comprises a plurality of on periods and a plurality of off periods. Each on period comprises, on each subcarrier, a frequency domain symbol associated with the subcarrier. The frequency domain symbol is phase shifted from each antenna by a respective factor of a set of factors associated with the subcarrier. The set of factors is different for at least two of the subcarriers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of a transmitter configured to transmit more than one spatially multiplexed streams having a multi-user physical layer packet for a plurality of users. The plurality of users includes a first type user and a second type user. A first stream is assigned for the first type user and a second stream is assigned for the second type user. The method includes leaving a data field of the physical layer packet empty for the first type user, providing second type user emission strength (in a spatial direction towards the first type user) that falls below a threshold value by controlling a spatial emission pattern associated with the second type user for the physical layer packet, and transmitting the physical layer packet.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of a transmitter configured to transmit a physical layer packet comprising a plurality of measurement signals for channel estimation. The method includes configuring the transmitter to use different precoding settings for at least two of the plurality of measurement signals for channel estimation, and transmitting the physical layer packet. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of measurement signals for channel estimation occurs outside of a preamble of the physical layer packet (e.g., in a midamble). A method of a corresponding receiver is also disclosed. Corresponding apparatuses, wireless communication device, and computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and device-readable mediums are disclosed relating to wireless access in a network requiring a carrier-sense mechanism. One aspect provides a method performed by a transmitting device for transmitting to a receiving device in a 10 wireless communications network. The transmitting device comprises a plurality of antenna elements. The method comprises: performing a directional carrier-sense assessment for one or more sub-bands configured for transmissions between the transmitting device and the receiving device, the directional carrier-sense assessment utilizing beamforming to detect a respective level of wireless activity on each of the sub-15 bands in a particular direction for transmissions to the receiving device; selecting a respective transmit power for each sub-band based on the determined level of wireless activity; and transmitting to the receiving device in the particular direction, using the respective selected transmit power for each sub-band.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for a wireless transmitter device configured for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission to a wireless receiver device using one or more allocated resource unit (RU), wherein each RU is associated with a constituent encoding padding parameter. The method comprises determining an overall encoding padding parameter, and generating—based on the determined overall encoding padding parameter—a physical layer data packet for transmission to the wireless receiver device in the allocated RU(s). When exactly one RU is allocated for transmission to the wireless receiver device, the overall encoding padding parameter is determined as the constituent encoding padding parameter of the allocated RU. When more than one RU:s are allocated for transmission to the wireless receiver device, the overall encoding padding parameter is determined as a sum of the constituent encoding padding parameters of the allocated RU:s.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of a transmitter configured to transmit a physical layer packet in accordance with a listen-before-talk procedure. The method includes acquiring an indication of a specific time for channel estimation, providing the physical layer packet with at least one measurement signal for channel estimation based on the specific time, and transmitting the physical layer packet. In some embodiments, the physical layer packet is provided with a plurality of midambles, wherein each midamble includes one or more measurement signals for channel estimation. In some embodiments, the physical layer packet is provided with a floating midamble which comprises one or more measurement signals for channel estimation. A method is also disclosed of a receiver configured to receive a physical layer packet transmitted in accordance with a listen-before-talk procedure.

Abstract: A wireless communication node (500) and method therein for generating and transmitting a modulated radio frequency (RF) signal by means of backscattering are disclosed. The wireless communication node (500) comprises an antenna (510) configured to receive a illuminating RF signal, a switch (520) that has M states, a set of impedances (530) comprising Mimpedances (Z1, Z2 . . . ZM). The antenna (510) is coupled to the set of impedances (530) by the switch (520). The wireless communication node (500) further comprises a modulating value generator (540) configured to generate modulating values based on data to be transmitted and a frequency offset and a switch controller (550) configured to switch the state of the switch (520) based on the generated modulating values such that the antenna (510) is connected to a selected impedance among the M impedances.

Abstract: An access point of a wireless communication system configures a carrier for communication with one or more wireless devices associated with the access point. Based on a backoff counter maintained by the access point, the access point contends for access to the carrier to transmit data. In response to another access point winning contention for access to the carrier, the access point cooperates at least with the access point winning the contention by sharing a transmission opportunity reserved on the carriers by the access point winning the contention and transmitting at least a part of the data in the shared transmission opportunity. During the shared transmission opportunity the access point pauses the backoff counter.