Abstract: An optical element including an optically transparent lens which defines a curved surface having a steepness given by an R/# of from about 0.5 to about 1.0. A film is positioned on the curved surface. The film includes an index layer. A composite layer is positioned on the curved surface having a refractive index greater than the index layer. The composite layer includes HfO2 and Al2O3. The composite layer has a mole fraction X of HfO2, wherein X is from about 0.05 to about 0.95 and a mole fraction of Al2O3 in the composite layer is 1?X.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes: forming a fin protruding above a substrate, where a top portion of the fin comprises a layer stack that includes alternating layers of a first semiconductor material and a second semiconductor material; forming a dummy gate structure over the fin; forming openings in the fin on opposing sides of the dummy gate structure; forming source/drain regions in the openings; removing the dummy gate structure to expose the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material under the dummy gate structure; performing a first etching process to selectively remove the exposed first semiconductor material, where after the first etching process, the exposed second semiconductor material form nanostructures, where each of the nanostructures has a first shape; and after the first etching process, performing a second etching process to reshape each of the nanostructures into a second shape different from the first shape.

Abstract: Atomic layer deposition methods for coating an optical substrate with magnesium fluoride. The methods include two primary processes. The first process includes the formation of a magnesium oxide layer over a surface of a substrate. The second process includes converting the magnesium oxide layer to a magnesium fluoride layer. These two primary processes may be repeated a plurality of times to create multiple magnesium fluoride layers that make up a magnesium fluoride film. The magnesium fluoride film may serve as an antireflective coating layer for an optical substrate, such as an optical lens.

Abstract: The present disclosure, in some embodiments, relates to an integrated chip. The integrated chip includes a memory device surrounded by a dielectric structure disposed over a substrate. The memory device includes a data storage structure disposed between a bottom electrode and a top electrode. A bottom electrode via couples the bottom electrode to a lower interconnect. A top electrode via couples the top electrode to an upper interconnect. A bottommost surface of the top electrode via is directly over the top electrode and has a first width that is smaller than a second width of a bottommost surface of the bottom electrode via.

Abstract: An optical focus adjustment module includes an operating ring; a first lens barrel disposed in the operating ring and including three grooves; a second lens barrel disposed in the first lens barrel and including one first protrusion portion and two second protrusion portions, wherein the first protrusion portion and the two second protrusion portions are disposed in the three grooves respectively and adapted to move parallel to a central axis; first and second optical lens assemblies disposed in the first and second lens barrels respectively; a gear disposed in the operating ring and meshed with an inner surface of the operating ring; and a screw rod disposed in a through hole of the first protrusion portion and rotationally synchronized with the gear and the operating ring, whereby the operating ring drives the second lens barrel, and then moves the second optical lens assembly to a predetermined position.

Abstract: A method of making an enhanced aluminium mirror for vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) optics includes depositing a reflective coating comprising aluminium metal to at least one surface of a substrate through physical vapor deposition (PVD) to produce a mirror comprising the substrate and the reflective coating. The method further includes removing aluminium oxides from an outer surface of the reflective coating by conducting atomic layer etching (ALE) in an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) system to produce an etched surface of the reflective coating and depositing an ALD protective layer onto the etched surface of the reflective coating by conducting atomic layer deposition in the ALD system to produce the enhanced aluminium mirror. The enhanced aluminium mirror includes the substrate, the reflective coating deposited on the substrate, and the ALD protective layer covering the etched surface of the reflective coating.

Abstract: A coated glass article and of a system and method for forming a coated glass article are provided. The process includes applying a first coating precursor material to the first surface of the glass article and supporting the glass article via a gas bearing. The process includes heating the glass article and the coating precursor material to above a glass transition temperature of the glass article while the glass article is supported by the gas bearing such that during heating, a property of the first coating precursor material changes forming a coating layer on the first surface of the glass article from the first precursor material. The high temperature and/or non-contact coating formation may form a coating layer with one or more new physical properties, such as a deep diffusion layer within the glass, and may form highly consistent coatings on multiple sides of the glass.

Abstract: According to at least one feature of the present disclosure, a method of forming an optical element, includes: Depositing an aluminum layer atop a glass substrate via a physical deposition process; depositing a first fluorine containing layer atop the aluminum layer via a physical deposition process; depositing a second fluorine containing layer atop the first fluorine containing layer via a physical deposition process; and depositing a third fluorine containing layer atop the first fluorine containing layer via an atomic layer deposition process.

Abstract: According to at least one feature of the present disclosure, a method of forming a film of an optical element, includes: positioning a substantially transparent lens in a reactor chamber, wherein the lens defines a curved surface; exposing the lens to a first precursor comprising one of lanthanum or gadolinium such that the first precursor is deposited on the curved surface of the lens; exposing the first precursor on the curved surface to a first oxidizer such that the first precursor present on the curved surface of the lens reacts with the first oxidizer to form a high refractive index layer of the film; exposing the high refractive index layer to a second precursor such that the second precursor is deposited on the high refractive index layer; and exposing the second precursor on the high refractive index layer to a second oxidizer such that the second precursor present on the high refractive index layer reacts with the second oxidizer to form a low refractive index layer of the film.

Abstract: A coated optical component includes an optical component and a conformal coating. The optical component is crystalline calcium fluoride and the conformal coating is an atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating in contact with a surface of the optical component. The ALD coating includes a metal fluoride ALD coating having a metal different from calcium. The ALD coating can include other metal oxide or metalloid oxide ALD coating layers. The method for making the coated optical component includes depositing an atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating on a surface of the optical component, where the ALD coating can be a metalloid oxide, a metal oxide, a metal fluoride having a metal that is different from calcium, or combinations of these. Sulfur hexafluoride is used as a fluorine source in the ALD process.

Abstract: A multi-layer and method of making the same are provided. The multi-layer, such as a sensor, can include a high strength glass overlay and a lamination layer on a substrate layer. The overlay can be less than 250 micrometers thick and have at least one tempered surface incorporating a surface compression layer of at least 5 micrometers deep and a surface compressive stress of at least 200 MPa. The overlay can exhibit a puncture factor of at least 3000 N/?m2 at B10 (10th percentile of the probability distribution of failure) in a multi-layer structure, an apparent thickness of less than 0.014 mm, and a pencil hardness greater than 6H. The method can include ion-exchange tempering at least one major surface of a glass sheet, light etching the major surface to remove flaws and laminating the glass sheet on the tempered and lightly etched major surface to a substrate layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a quantum dot-doped glass and method of making the same. A quantum dot-doped glass includes glass including quantum dots in an internal structure of the glass. The quantum dots within the glass have a photoluminescence quantum yield of greater than or equal to 10%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plasma treatment (under atmospheric conditions or under vacuum conditions) of a jacketed cable comprising a cable jacket and a heat shrink tubing. The plasma treatment improves retention properties of an optical fiber cable assembly by imparting a permanent change on a polymer surface of the cable jacket by cross-linking, leading to eventual graphitization, that can result in a diffusion barrier layer at an interface of the cable jacket and the heat shrink tubing, which prevents or minimizes plasticizer migration and results in an environmental seal (e.g., a long-term water tight seal).

Abstract: An optical element including an optically transparent lens which defines a curved surface having a steepness given by an R/# of from about 0.5 to about 1.0. A film is positioned on the curved surface. The film includes an index layer. A composite layer is positioned on the curved surface having a refractive index greater than the index layer. The composite layer includes HfO2 and Al2O3. The composite layer has a mole fraction X of HfO2, wherein X is from about 0.05 to about 0.95 and a mole fraction of Al2O3 in the composite layer is 1?X.

Abstract: A method of depositing a copper film on a major surface of a glass sheet includes determining a desired range of a property of the copper film, correlating a thermal history of the glass sheet to the desired range of the property of the copper film, and depositing the copper film on the major surface of the glass sheet, wherein the property of the copper film deposited on the glass sheet is within the desired range. Correlating the thermal history of the glass sheet to the desired range of the property of the copper film can include heat treating glass sheet prior to depositing the copper film on the glass sheet.

Abstract: An optical element including an optically transparent lens which defines a curved surface having a steepness given by an R/# of from about 0.5 to about 1.0. A film is positioned on the curved surface. The film includes an index layer. A composite layer is positioned on the curved surface having a refractive index greater than the index layer. The composite layer includes HfO2 and Al2O3. The composite layer has a mole fraction X of HfO2, wherein X is from about 0.05 to about 0.95 and a mole fraction of Al2O3 in the composite layer is 1?X.

Abstract: An electrical component package includes a glass substrate, an interposer panel positioned on the glass substrate, the interposer panel comprising a device cavity, a wafer positioned on the interposer panel such that the device cavity is enclosed by the glass substrate, the interposer panel, and the wafer. The electrical component package further includes a metal seed layer disposed between the interposer panel and the wafer, and a dielectric coating. The dielectric coating hermetically seals the interposer panel to the glass substrate, the interposer panel to the metal seed layer and the wafer, and the interposer panel hermetically seals the metal seed layer to the glass substrate such that the device cavity is hermetically sealed from ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods for holding a substrate in a position that minimizes particle contamination of the substrate when the substrate is being coated. Along with the apparatus, processes for reducing particle reduction on substrates are provided. The articles and processes described herein are useful in making coated glass substrates, such as used in electrochromic, photochromic, or photovoltaic technologies.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods for holding a substrate in a position that minimizes particle contamination of the substrate when the substrate is being coated. Along with the apparatus, processes for reducing particle reduction on substrates are provided. The articles and processes described herein are useful in making coated glass substrates, such as used in electrochromic, photochromic, or photovoltaic technologies.

Abstract: Embodiments are related generally to conductive interconnects formed on substrates, and more particularly to a glass ceramic, or glass-ceramic substrate having copper interconnects disposed thereon.