Abstract: A solenoid valve is provided which may be used to inject fuel into an internal combustion engine for automotive vehicles. The solenoid valve includes an armature and stator attracting the armature to open a fluid passage. The solenoid valve also includes a retaining nut and an end body. The retaining nut engages a housing to retain a hollow cylindrical stator casing in the housing. The end body is joined to the casing in alignment therewith to hold the stator within the casing without subjecting the stator to the pressure produced by the engagement of the retaining nut with the housing. This minimizes undesirable loads on the stator.

Abstract: A common rail fuel injection apparatus includes a piston that increases the injection pressure, and a chamber that controls the position of the piston so as to control the injection pressure. An input constriction that sets an amount of flow of the fuel that enters the control chamber, and an output constriction that sets an amount of flow of the fuel that exits from the chamber are formed. The input constriction is connected to a common rail by a valve. By opening and closing the valve, the injection pressure of the fuel injected from an injector is changed. Therefore, the injection pressure of fuel injected from the injector can be changed as requested without a need to process high precision component parts.

Abstract: A fuel injector is provided which has an improved structure capable of adjusting fuel jet characteristics such as the quantity of fuel to be injected to an engine and a fuel injection time lag after the fuel injector is assembled. The fuel injector includes an air gap adjusting screw and a spring pressure adjusting screw. The air gap adjusting screw serves to change an air gap between a stator and an armature of a solenoid valve to adjust the quantity of fuel to a target one. The spring pressure adjusting screw serves to change a spring pressure urging a valve in a spray hole-closing direction to regulate a spray hole open duration, thereby adjusting the fuel injection time lag or the quantity of fuel.

Abstract: A solenoid valve is provided which may be used to inject fuel into an internal combustion engine for automotive vehicles. The solenoid valve includes an armature and stator attracting the armature to open a fluid passage. The solenoid valve also includes a retaining nut and an end body. The retaining nut engages a housing to retain a hollow cylindrical stator casing in the housing. The end body is joined to the casing in alignment therewith to hold the stator within the casing without subjecting the stator to the pressure produced by the engagement of the retaining nut with the housing. This minimizes undesirable loads on the stator.

Abstract: A fuel injector is provided which has an improved structure capable of adjusting fuel jet characteristics such as the quantity of fuel to be injected to an engine and a fuel injection time lag after the fuel injector is assembled. The fuel injector includes an air gap adjusting screw and a spring pressure adjusting screw. The air gap adjusting screw serves to change an air gap between a stator and an armature of a solenoid valve to adjust the quantity of fuel to a target one. The spring pressure adjusting screw serves to change a spring pressure urging a valve in a spray hole-closing direction to regulate a spray hole open duration, thereby adjusting the fuel injection time lag or the quantity of fuel.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a skirt portion configured so that a value S/(D * L) is in the range of 0.4-0.55, where L is a length of the skirt portion, D is a diameter of a cylinder bore, and S is an area of an image of the skirt portion when the skirt portion is projected onto a plane perpendicular to a direction connecting a pair of boss portions. This condition decreases the friction between the piston and the cylinder bore.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston for an internal combustion engine, which includes a land portion, and a skirt portion including a non-coated portion which is formed in an arbitrary shape on a sliding portion thereof and a coated portion which is formed on a sliding portion thereof other than the sliding portion on which the non-coated portion is formed. When the piston is descending, an oil which has adhered on a cylinder bore is introduced into the non-coated portion and accordingly an oil film is established in the non-coated portion. Since the advantageous effects of the coated portion and the oil film are combined in the piston, the sliding resistance can be reduced remarkably. Hence, the coated portion can be inhibited from wearing out, and its function of the sliding resistance reduction can be maintained for a long period of time. In addition, since the non-coated portion does not work as a sliding surface, there arises a reduced sliding surface area which also results in the reduction of the sliding resistance.