Abstract: Binding an analyte can cause a change in fluorescence emission of a sensor. The change in fluorescence can be related to the amount of analyte present. The sensor can include a semiconductor nanocrystal linked to a fluorescent moiety. Upon excitation, the fluorescent moiety can transfer energy to the semiconductor nanocrystal, or vice versa.

Abstract: A light-emitting device comprising a population of quantum dots (QDs) embedded in a host matrix and a primary light source which causes the QDs to emit secondary light and a method of making such a device. The size distribution of the QDs is chosen to allow light of a particular color to be emitted therefrom. The light emitted from the device may be of either a pure (monochromatic) color, or a mixed (polychromatic) color, and may consist solely of light emitted from the QDs themselves, or of a mixture of light emitted from the QDs and light emitted from the primary source. The QDs desirably are composed of an undoped semiconductor such as CdSe, and may optionally be overcoated to increase photoluminescence.

Abstract: The ionic conjugates include an inorganic particle electrostatically associated with a macromolecule which can interact specifically with predetermined chemical species or biological targets.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal includes a core including a first semiconductor material and an overcoating including a second semiconductor material. A monodisperse population of the nanocrystals emits blue light over a narrow range of wavelengths with a high quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A film can include a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals and a J-aggregating material in solution. The film can exhibit 90% energy transfer efficiency from the J-aggregating material to the plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals. The film can exhibit photoluminescence that is enhanced at least 2.5 times over an equivalent film including the plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals alone when excited at 465 nm. The film can be contacted onto a substrate by spin casting.

Abstract: A light-emitting device comprising a population of quantum dots (QDs) embedded in a host matrix and a primary light source which causes the QDs to emit secondary light and a method of making such a device. The size distribution of the QDs is chosen to allow light of a particular color to be emitted therefrom. The light emitted from the device may be of either a pure (monochromatic) color, or a mixed (polychromatic) color, and may consist solely of light emitted from the QDs themselves, or of a mixture of light emitted from the QDs and light emitted from the primary source. The QDs desirably are composed of an undoped semiconductor such as CdSe, and may optionally be overcoated to increase photoluminescence.

Abstract: A nanocrystal capable of light emission includes a nanoparticle having photoluminescence having quantum yields of greater than 30%.

Abstract: A nanocrystal capable of light emission includes a nanoparticle having photoluminescence having quantum yields of greater than 30%.

Abstract: The ionic conjugates include an inorganic particle electrostatically associated with a macromolecule which can interact specifically with predetermined chemical species or biological targets.

Abstract: In this invention, polyimidazole ligands (PILs) incorporating pendant imidazole moieties for nanocrystal binding and either sulfonatebetaine, carboxybetaine, or phosphocholinebetaine moieties for water-solubilization have been developed. Greatly enhanced stability of nanocrystals (both over time and in wide pH range) was achieved by incorporating multi-dentate imidazole moieties which provide strong coordination of the ligand to the nanocrystal surface and prevent aggregation of nanocrystals. Synthesis of betaine PILs was developed by modifying the synthesis of recently developed PEG containing poly imidazole ligands (PEG PILs). These nanocrystals are compact, water soluble, and biocompatible.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal includes a core including a first semiconductor material and an overcoating including a second semiconductor material. A monodisperse population of the nanocrystals emits blue light over a narrow range of wavelengths with a high quantum efficiency.

Abstract: Water soluble InAs(ZnCdS) semiconductor nanocrystals with bright and stable emission in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength range have been prepared. The NIR semiconductor nanocrystals can be functionalized to enable imaging of specific cellular proteins. In addition, the utility of the NIR region for in vivo biological imaging is clearly demonstrated by the superior ability of InAs(ZnCdS) semiconductor nanocrystals to image tumor vasculature.

Abstract: A blue light emitting semiconductor nanocrystal having an quantum yield of greater than 20% can be incorporated in a light emitting device.

Abstract: A novel encoding system, compositions for use therein and methods for determining the source, location and/or identity of a particular item or component of interest is provided. In particular, the present invention utilizes a collection of one or more sizes of populations of semiconductor nanocrystals having characteristic spectral emissions, to “track” the source or location of an item of interest or to identify a particular item of interest. The semiconductor nanocrystals used in the inventive compositions can be selected to emit a desired wavelength to produce a characteristic spectral emission in narrow spectral widths, and with a symmetric, nearly Gaussian line shape, by changing the composition and size of the semiconductor nanocrystal. Additionally, the intensity of the emission at a particular characteristic wavelength can also be varied, thus enabling the use of binary or higher order encoding schemes.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a semiconductor nanocrystal and a charge transporting layer that includes an inorganic material. The charge transporting layer can be a hole or electron transporting layer. The inorganic material can be an inorganic semiconductor.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for imaging tumor resections.

Abstract: A microparticle can include a central region and a peripheral region. The peripheral region can include a nanoparticle, such as a metal nanoparticle, a metal oxide nanoparticle, or a semiconductor nanocrystal. The microparticle can be a member of a monodisperse population of particles.

Abstract: A light emitting device including semiconductor nanocrystals can have a unipolar construction. The semiconductor nanocrystals emit light during device operation. The size and chemical composition of the semiconductor nanocrystals can be chosen to provide desired emission characteristics. Devices that share a substrate and emit more than one color may be conveniently made.

Abstract: A controlled valency semiconductor nanocrystal can have a desired number of compounds associated with it. The semiconductor nanocrystal can have exactly one compound associated with it, and the compound can have exactly one binding site for an affinity target. The semiconductor nanocrystal can be used to image single copies of cell-surface proteins.

Abstract: A nanomaterial can include an outer layer including a ligand. The ligand can include a first monomer unit including a first moiety having affinity for a surface of the nanocrystal, a second monomer unit including a second moiety having a high water solubility, and a third monomer unit including a third moiety having a selectively reactive functional group or a selectively binding functional group. The ligand can be a random copolymer.