Abstract: [Object] To provide an inexpensive and flexible conductive thin film which is excellent in carrier mobility and electric conductivity and which is formed by highly orienting nanotube or an electronic functional organic material by simple and convenient means, as well as a thin film transistor using the conductive thin film. [Solution Means] A conductive thin film (1) is formed by mixing a first material (5) having electric conductivity or semiconductivity and a second material (6) to prepare a mixture and orienting the mixture by utilizing liquid crystallinity thereof.

Abstract: A method of orienting an electronic functional material which comprises: a mixed material preparation step (Step S1) of preparing a mixed material from an electronic functional material and a matrix material used for orientating the electronic functional material; an orientation step (Step S2) of orientating the mixed material; and a matrix material removal step (Step S3) of removing the matrix material from the mixed material which has been oriented.

Abstract: A display element is provided with a light source and a waveguide that propagates a light emitted from the light source, wherein the light propagated in the waveguide is extracted to outside from a waveguide lateral face, and wherein the light is extracted out of the waveguide from the waveguide lateral face by changing a shape of the waveguide lateral face.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a transparent conductive film at a low temperature that is suitable for use with a synthetic resin substrate. According to the production method of a substrate with an electrode of the present invention, an oxide conductive film composed of an amorphous material or mainly composed of an amorphous material is formed on a substrate at a temperature equal to or less than the crystallization temperature of the film, and subsequently, the formed oxide conductive film is crystallized by heating. The oxide conductive film is processed into the shape of an electrode either before or after crystallization, according to necessity.

Abstract: A display element is provided with a light source and a waveguide that propagates a light emitted from the light source, wherein the light propagated in the waveguide is extracted to outside from a waveguide lateral face, and wherein the light is extracted out of the waveguide from the waveguide lateral face by changing a shape of the waveguide lateral face.

Abstract: A field effect transistor according to the present invention has a semiconductor layer through which carriers injected from a source region travel toward a drain region, the semiconductor layer being formed from a composite material including an organic semiconductor material and nanotubes. The nanotubes may be nanotubes including plural ones joined with each other.

Abstract: A reflective plate comprises a substrate, a plurality of protrusions each formed on the substrate and having a curved surface, and a reflective film formed on the substrate having the protrusions, wherein a planar shape of each of the protrusions is indefinite, and when a frame line of the planar shape of each of the protrusions is divided into fine line segments, the line segments are pointed in all directions or in predetermined directions. This improves reflective properties such as dispersion properties.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element has a substrate, a first electrode formed above the substrate, an emissive layer, and a second electrode formed above the emissive layer. In the first electrode, at least a surface opposite to the other surface facing the substrate has a multidimensionally meandering surface shape. The emissive layer includes an organic electroluminescent material and is formed along the multidimensionally-meandering-shaped surface of the first electrode. In the emissive layer, a surface facing the first electrode and the other surface opposite to the first-electrode-facing surface each have a multidimensionally meandering surface shape. The organic electroluminescent element of the present invention is used in an electroluminescent (EL) type display device as a pixel that is controlled individually for light emission. Also, the organic electroluminescent element of the present invention is used as a light source of an electroluminescent (EL) type lighting system.

Abstract: A display device according to this invention includes: a display panel (2) having plural pixels configured to display image information; plural driver circuits (10) configured to drive the plural pixels according to a video signal indicative of the image information which is inputted externally, the video signal being a radio signal; and plural wireless input portions (22) each configured to obtain a part of the video signal from the radio signal, wherein the plural driver circuits (10) are each configured to drive a part of the plural pixels according to the part of the video signal obtained by a respective one of the wireless input portions (22).

Abstract: A display device (1) according to this invention includes a pair of opposite substrates (3A) and (3B), a group of electrostatically chargeable colored particles (6) present between the pair of substrates, a transparent first electrode (4), and a second electrode (5), wherein the group of colored particles is capable of traveling in a manner to or not to shut off light incident on or passing through the first electrode in accordance with voltage applied across the first and second electrodes for displaying an image.

Abstract: A display element is provided with a light source and a waveguide that propagates a light emitted from the light source, wherein the light propagated in the waveguide is extracted to outside from a waveguide lateral face, and wherein the light is extracted out of the waveguide from the waveguide lateral face by changing a shape of the waveguide lateral face.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a reflector having a plurality of convex portions 4 that are obtained by means of melt deformation of column-shaped bodys 15 formed of a photosensitive resin material, the photosensitive resin material has aspect ratio vs. average tilt angle characteristics in which an average tilt angle ? reaches a maximum value through an incremental change process and then converges to a certain value through a decremental process when an aspect ratio is gradually increased from a value close to zero, provided that the average tilt angle of the convex portion is an angle of elevation from the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the convex portion 4 to an apex of the convex portion and that the aspect ratio is a ratio of the height of said column-shaped body 15 with respect to the width thereof.

Abstract: In a reflector 101 having a concave/convex shape in a surface thereof, at least part of concave portions 4 of the concave/convex shape are arranged according to a predetermined rule and the concave/convex shape of an arbitrary straight-line cross section is irregular.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.

Abstract: There are provided an organic electroluminescence element which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, an image forming apparatus which is excellent in visibility and which can maintain a light emission performance with a high degree of efficiency, and a portable terminal unit which is lightweight and which has a long use life. The organic electroluminescence element incorporates at least, on a substrate, an anode for injecting holes, a luminous layer having a light emitting zone, a cathode for injecting electrons, wherein light radiated from the luminous layer is extracted through a surface opposed to the substrate, and an inverted V-like structure higher than the luminous layer is formed on at least a part of an element forming surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image display comprising: a substrate including a light function layer for displaying an image by emitting or blocking light in accordance with a supplied voltage; and a frame body for surrounding the substrate, wherein a concave portion is provided on a side surface of the substrate, a convex portion is provided on an inner side of a side surface of the frame body, and the convex portion is fitted to the concave portion.

Abstract: In a reflector comprising a reflecting film formed on a surface having depressions and protrusions, wherein each of the depressions and protrusions has a vertex and is composed of a curved surface formed so as to be convex up or convex down and a surrounding portion including a valley or a ridge surrounding the curved surface with an inflection point of the curved surface serving as a boundary between the curved surface and the surrounding portion; and wherein when the curved surface is convex up, the inflection point is on the valley side of the midpoint between the vertex and the valley, whereas when the curved surface is convex down, the inflection point is on the ridge side of the midpoint between the vertex and the ridge.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a back side light source, which can perform displays of both a transmissive type and a reflective type, employs interference filters formed with a multilayer film 18, 19 and 20 as color filters to be used for color display. The back side light source is switched off in use as a reflective type display. The display in the liquid crystal display device can be inverted to a negative. The normal direction of the multilayer film of the interference filter may differ from the normal direction of a substrate.

Abstract: A thin display device is provided which is capable of displaying images at a lowered driving voltage in a shortened response time by causing fine particles to travel in a gaseous phase. The display device includes: a display section having upper substrate 1 and lower substrate 2 each having a thickness ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 0.5 mm, which are disposed opposite to each other; colored particles 6 having a particle diameter ranging from about 1 &mgr;m to about 10 &mgr;m packed in an air layer 7 provided in the gap between the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2; and first electrode 3 and second electrode 4 formed on the underside of the upper substrate 1. The colored particles 6 used in the display device are electrostatically charged either negatively or positively and are caused to travel between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 in accordance with voltage applied to the first and second electrodes 3 and 4.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.