Abstract: A non-invasive analyte sensor that includes first and second non-invasive analyte sensor assemblies each of which can emit transmit signals that are in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum into a target and can detect responses resulting from emission of the transmit signals into the target.

Abstract: Systems include an invasive sensor and a non-invasive sensor for detection of analytes. The invasive sensor detects one or more non-invasively detected analytes, and the non-invasive sensor detects one or more invasively detected analytes. The one or more non-invasively detected analytes and the one or more invasively detected analytes can include at least one analyte in common, or do not include any analytes in common.

Abstract: An analyte sensor that detects an analyte via spectroscopic techniques using frequencies in the radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The analyte sensor is configured to permit adjustment of the position(s) of one or more transmit components and/or the position(s) of one or more receive components. Adjusting position (or the like) as used in the description and claims includes changing an angle of the transmit component(s) and/or the receive component(s), and/or moving the transmit component(s) and/or the receive component(s) in one or more X, Y, Z directions, and/or changing a shape of the transmit component(s) and/or the receive component(s), and any combinations thereof.

Abstract: Systems for determining a variability in a state of a medium include one or more transmit elements or antennas and one or more receive elements or antennas which are relatively decoupled from one another. The transmit and receive elements or antennas can be less than 95% coupled to one another. The system also includes a transmit circuit configured to generate a transmit signal to be transmitted, which is in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The system also includes a receive circuit configured to receive a response detected by the at least one receive antenna resulting from transmission of the transmit signal into the medium. The system includes a processor configured to determine the variability in the state of the medium based on processing of the response over time. The variability can further be used to direct notifications or automated actions.

Abstract: A non-invasive analyte sensor that includes at least one electromagnetic shield at least partially electromagnetically isolates an electrical component of the non-invasive analyte sensor from radio frequency interference and/or microwave frequency interference.

Abstract: An automated medical diagnostic system includes antennas, transmitter, receiver, and a processor-based device or system. Excitations signals are transmitted into bodily tissue at each of a plurality of discrete frequencies (e.g., steps of 1 MHz from 300 MHz to 2500 MHz) or unequal steps. The response signals are received and analyzed against the excitation signals at each of a number of the frequencies, for example determining gain/loss due to passage through bodily tissue. The results are analyzed for patterns indicative of a presence or absence of an abnormal condition, and results presented.

Abstract: A non-invasive analyte sensor includes one or more temperatures sensors that sense the temperatures of one or more components of the analyte sensor. The sensed temperature(s) can be used to post-process (i.e. correct) the data collected by the analyte sensor and/or used to adjust operation of the analyte sensor.

Abstract: Consumable and replaceable light bulbs that emit white light to provide ambient lighting and also emit UV light for pathogen inactivation. The white light and the UV light may be emitted simultaneously or the light bulb can be controlled to emit the white light and the UV light at separate times. The UV light emitted by the light bulbs has a wavelength and output power that is safe for humans and pets and the UV light inactivates pathogens over relatively prolonged exposure periods. The light bulbs described herein can be used in place of conventional light bulbs, for example in a room of a home, office building or other human occupied space. Humans can remain in the space when the light bulb(s) is on without being harmed by the UV light.

Abstract: A non-invasive analyte sensor includes at least one transmit antenna and at least one receive antenna. A transmit circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one transmit antenna, where the transmit circuit is configured to generate a transmit signal in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. A receive circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one receive antenna. A trigger mechanism is associated with the non-invasive analyte sensor that triggers an analyte reading by the non-invasive analyte sensor.

Abstract: A non-invasive analyte sensor that includes one or more noise reduction components provided on the receive and/or transmit components to reduce extraneous radio frequency noise. A noise reduction component can be provided on the exterior of an electrical conductor that connects the receive antenna with the receive circuitry to suppress extraneous radio frequency noise that is generated on the exterior of the electrical conductor. The noise reduction component can be any type of noise reduction device that achieves such radio frequency noise suppression. In one embodiment, the noise reduction component can be a choke.

Abstract: Analyte sensing and response systems include a sensor detecting one or more analytes in a medium. The sensor uses decoupled transmit and receive elements or antennas to transmit a signal into the medium, and receive a response to the transmitted signal. An action that is based on the detection of the analyte is generated which can directly or indirectly affect the detected analyte in the medium. The action is automatically performed. The action can be increasing or decreasing flow from a source of the analyte, or of a chemical compound interacting with the analyte. An example of the action is controlling an insulin pump, where the analyte is glucose.

Abstract: A highly accurate glucose sensor that detects glucose by transmitting and receiving sensing signals in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum is provided. The glucose sensor has at least two antennas at least one of which operates as a transmit antenna to transmit one or more of the sensing signals and at least one of which operates as a receive antenna, and the glucose sensor has a mean absolute relative difference (MARD) value of about 5.0% to about 9.9%, or of about 5.0% to about 7.0%, or of about 5.0%.

Abstract: An automated medical diagnostic system includes antennas, transmitter, receiver, and a processor-based device or system. Excitations signals are transmitted into bodily tissue at each of a plurality of discrete frequencies (e.g., steps of 1 MHz from 300 MHz to 2500 MHz) or unequal steps. The response signals are received and analyzed against the excitation signals at each of a number of the frequencies, for example determining gain/loss due to passage through bodily tissue. The results are analyzed for patterns indicative of a presence or absence of an abnormal condition, and results presented.

Abstract: Analyte sensing and response systems include a sensor detecting one or more analytes in a medium. The sensor uses decoupled transmit and receive elements or antennas to transmit a signal into the medium, and receive a response to the transmitted signal. An action that is based on the detection of the analyte is generated which can directly or indirectly affect the detected analyte in the medium. The action is automatically performed. The action can be increasing or decreasing flow from a source of the analyte, or of a chemical compound interacting with the analyte. An example of the action is controlling an insulin pump, where the analyte is glucose.

Abstract: A detector array having a plurality of detector elements (also referred to as antennas) which have a minimum perimeter length and a maximum perimeter length. A detector array with detector elements having at least the minimum perimeter length has improved analyte detection performance compared to a detector array with detector elements that do not have the minimum perimeter length. In addition, a detector array with detector elements with a perimeter length no greater than the maximum perimeter length allows the size of the detector array to be minimized while still achieving the desired detection performance.

Abstract: Establishing an analyte database using analyte data that has been obtained using one or more non-invasive analyte sensors, and using the analyte database to analyze data obtained using a non-invasive analyte sensor. Once the analyte database is established, the analyte database can be updated with new analyte data, and the analyte database can be used to analyze the new analyte data to derive information from the new analyte data. For example, in the case of a human target, the new analyte data together with the analyte database can be used to predict an actual or possible abnormal medical pathology of the human target.

Abstract: Establishing an analyte database using analyte data that has been obtained using non-invasive analyte sensors, and using the analyte database to analyze data obtained using a non-invasive analyte sensor. Once the analyte database is established, the analyte database can be updated with new analyte data, and the analyte database can be used to analyze the new analyte data to derive information from the new analyte data. For example, in the case of a human target, the new analyte data together with the analyte database can be used to predict an actual or possible abnormal medical pathology of the human target.

Abstract: Sensors that detect an analyte via spectroscopic techniques using non-optical frequencies such as in the radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum or optical frequencies in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. An analyte sensor described herein includes a detector array having at least one transmit element and at least one receive element. The transmit element and the receive element can be antennas or light emitting elements such as light emitting diodes. The sensor is controlled to implement first and second frequency sweeps and the frequency sweeps have at least one overlapping range of frequencies where the operation times are the same between the first and second frequency sweeps.

Abstract: Analyte sensing and response methods include using a non-invasive analyte sensor to detect at least one analyte in a medium. The sensor uses decoupled transmit and receive elements or antennas to transmit a signal, and to receive a response to the signal transmitted into the medium. An action is determined based on the detection of the analyte, which can affect a property of the analyte or the medium, and the action is automatically carried out. The action can be increasing or decreasing flow from a source of the analyte, increasing or decreasing flow of a chemical compound interacting with the analyte, or modifying a temperature of the medium. An example of the action is controlling an insulin pump, where the analyte is glucose.