Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbonaceous feed stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a distillable hydrocarbonaceous product and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream in a flash zone at flash conditions without indirect heat exchange thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component; (b) removing the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen from the flash zone without contacting the vapor stream with hydrocarbonaceous liquid; (c) condensing at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprisin

Abstract: A process for the production of hydrogenated, distillable hydrocarbonaceous product from a feed comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and having a non-distillable component, and a feed comprising halogenated organic compounds by means of contacting the feed comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and having a non-distillable component with a hot hydrogen-rich gaseous stream to increase the temperature of this feed stream to vaporize at least a portion of the distillable hydrocarbonaceous compounds thereby producing a distillable hydrocarbonaceous product which is immediately hydrogenated in an integrated hydrogenation zone. The feed comprising halogenated organic compounds is contacted in a second hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous product and at least one water-soluble inorganic halide compound.

Abstract: A process for treating an organic stream containing a non-distillable component to produce an organic vapor stream and a solid which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the organic stream containing a non-distillable component with a hydrogen-rich gaseous steam having a temperature greater than the organic stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the organic stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to produce an organic vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; and (b) reacting at least a portion of the heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component in the presence of hydrogen in a pyrolysis zone to produce a thermally stabilized volatile organic stream comprising hydrogen and a solid.

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous hydroconversion of a first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds and a second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds which process comprises: (a) contacting the first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a first hydrogenation reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to minimize the polymerization of unsaturated organic compounds and to produce a first hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous stream; (b) contacting at least a portion of the first hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous stream and the second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a second hydrogenation reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to produce a second hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous stream and to generate at least one water-soluble hydrogen halide compound; (c) contacting the resulting effluent from the second hydrogenation zone containing hydrogenated hy

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperture greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream without indirect heat exchange and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions to increase the hydrogen content of the hydrocarbonaceous compounds contained in the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream; (c) condensing at least a portion

Abstract: A process for treating a temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream with minimal thermal degradation and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen recovered from step (a) without intermediate separation with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions to increase

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous hydroconversion of a first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds and a second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds which process comprises: (a) contacting the first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds with a first dried hydrogen-rich gas stream in a first hydrogenation reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to minimize the polymerization of unsaturated organic compounds and to produce a first hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds; (b) reacting at least a portion of the first hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and the second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a second hydrogenation reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to produce a second hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and to generate at least one water-soluble hydrogen halide compound; (c) cont

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous hydroconversion of a first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds and a second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds which process comprises: (a) reacting the first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a first hydrogenation reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to minimize the polymerization of unsaturated organic compounds and to produce a first hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds; (b) reacting at least a portion of the first hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and the second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a second hydrogenated reaction zone operated at hydrogenation conditions selected to produce a second hydrogenated stream comprising hydrocarbonaceous compounds and to generate at least one water-soluble inorganic halide compound; (c) contacting the resulting effluent fr

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous hydroconversion of a first feestock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds and a second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds which process comprises: (a) contacting the first feedstock comprising unsaturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a first hydrogenation reaction zone (b) contacting at least a portion of the first hydrogenated stream and the second feedstock comprising saturated, halogenated organic compounds with hydrogen in a second hydrogenation reaction zone; (c) contacting the resulting effluent from the second hydrogenation zone comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous compounds, residual trace quantities of halogenated organic compounds, a hydrogen-rich gas and at least one water-soluble hydrogen halide compound with a halide-lean absorber solution in an absorption zone; (d) withdrawing a halide-rich absorber solution containing at least a portion of the water-soluble hydrogen halide compound from the absorpt

Abstract: A process for treating a temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component and a distillable, hydrogenatable hydrocarbonaceous fraction to produce a selected hydrogenated distillable light hydrocarbonaceous product, a distillable heavy hydrocarbonaceous liquid product and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component while minimizing thermal degradation of the temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a first hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a first heavy product stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) condensing at least a protion of the first hydrocarbonaceous

Abstract: A process for treating a temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a first flash zone at flash conditions including a first pressure thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a first hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a first heavy product stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the first heavy product stream comprising the non-distillable component with a hot second hydrogen-rich gaseous stream in a second flash zone at flash conditions including a second pressure

Abstract: A process for treating a temperature-sensitive hydrocarbonaceous stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a hydrogenated distillable hydrocarbonaceous product while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous stream with a first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous stream in a flash zone at flash conditions thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy stream comprising the non-distillable component; (b) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions to increase the hydrogen content of the hydrocarbonaceous compounds contained in the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream; (c) condensing at least a portion of the resu

Abstract: A method of separating a hot hydrocarbonaceous stream having a temperature above the dew point of water and comprising hydrogen, vaporous hydrocarbonaceous compounds and an acidic inorganic compound which method comprises: (a) contacting the hot hydrocarbonaceous stream at a temperature above the dew point of water in a contacting zone with an aqueous alkaline solution in an amount sufficient to simultaneously neutralize the acidic inorganic compound and to cool the hot hydrocarbonaceous stream to a temperature below the dew point of water to produce a flowing stream comprising a hydrogen-rich gas, a liquid hydrocarbonaceous phase and an aqueous solution containing inorganic neutralization products; and (b) introducing the flowing stream produced in step (a) into a separation zone to gravitationally produce an aqueous phase containing inorganic neutralization products, a hydrogen-rich gaseous phase and a hydrocarbonaceous liquid phase.

Abstract: A process for converting the naphtha fractions distilled from crude oil into greater volumes than heretofore of a gasoline product having higher octane number and a distillate stream of improved cetane number and smoke point by sending the lower boiling naphtha fraction directly to the gasoline pool and subjecting the higher boiling naphtha fraction to a mild reforming treatment, extracting the reformate to separate two streams, aromatics which are directed to the pool and paraffins which are sent to a splitter to separate the paraffin stream into fractions greater than C.sub.8 and a C.sub.8 or less fraction. The C.sub.8 or less fraction is cracked, thermally or catalytically and alkylated and/or polymerized before being directed to the gasoline pool. The fraction from the splitter containing hydrocarbons greater than C.sub.8 can be used in the distillate pool.

Abstract: An improved catalytic reforming process is disclosed wherein hydrogen and light hydrocarbons generated in the catalytic reaction zone are passed to a hydrogen production/purification zone and are reacted and processed therein to produce substantially pure hydrogen. A portion of the hydrogen is then admixed with the charge stock to the catalytic reforming zone to provide the hydrogen requirements of the catalytic reforming reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for the production of a hydrogen-rich gas stream from the effluent of a catalytic hydrocarbon conversion reaction zone is disclosed. A hydrogen-containing vapor phase is recovered from the effluent and subjected to cooling in order to produce a hydrogen-rich gas stream. The resulting hydrogen-rich gas stream is expanded to provide the medium used in cooling the hydrogen-containing vapor phase.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process is disclosed wherein the reboiler heat requirements of the stabilizer column are supplied by means of indirect heat exchange with hot combustion gases in the reforming reactants fired heater convection heating section. Heat in excess of the reboiler requirements is passed to the stabilizer column with control being effected by removal of excess heat from the column.

Abstract: There is provided a safety insert for use on an escalator having moving steps, each of which defines at the top a plurality of upstanding, spaced-apart teeth separated by a plurality of grooves, the escalator including a side skirt closely adjacent the sides of the steps. The safety insert is of a resilient material, and is a one-piece, elongated member of constant section. The section includes a lower portion which is sized and shaped so as to be receivable snugly within the furthest sideward groove in a step, and also includes an upper portion which extends above the tops of the teeth when the lower portion is received in its groove. The upper portion projects obliquely upwardly and sidewardly from the lower portion, and terminates in an abutment region which, which the lower portion is received within its groove, is spaced inwardly from the escalator side skirt and spaced above the tooth immediately outward of the groove in which the lower portion is received.