Abstract: A data object management scheme for storing a large plurality of small data objects (e.g., image files) in small number of large object stack file for storage in secondary storage (e.g., hard disks). By storing many individual data objects in a single object stack file, the number of files stored in the secondary storage is reduced by several orders of magnitude, from the billions or millions to the hundreds or so. Index data for each object stack file is generated and stored in primary storage to allow efficient and prompt access to the data objects. Requests to store or retrieve the data objects are made using HTTP messages including file identifiers that identify the files storing the data objects and keys identifying the data objects. A file server stores or retrieves the data object from secondary storage of a file server without converting the requests to NSF or POSIX commands.

Abstract: A click pen applicator device that provides predetermined dosing of the formulation for precise application, and rapidly primes the formulation using the dosing click mechanism to prepare the applicator for use is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and systems having utility in numerous situations, including in particular solvent cleaning systems, as well as refrigerant lubricants and/or compatibilizing agents, and to methods which utilize such compositions and systems. More particularly, the present invention in preferred aspects is directed to solvents, blowing agents, heat transfer fluids and compatibilizing agents comprising the compound 3-chloro-1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro-2,4-hexadiene. In particular, this invention provides a method for the production of the compound of Formula I, 3-chloro-1,1,1,6,6,6- hexafluoro-2,4-hexadiene,comprising reacting 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst, in a reactor.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for the production of fluorinated olefins, preferably adapted to commercialization of CF3CF?CH2 (1234yf). In certain preferred embodiments the processes comprise first exposing a compound of Formula (IA) C(X)2?CClC(X)3??(IA) where each X is independently F, Cl or H, preferably CCl2?CClCH2Cl, to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce at least one chlorofluoropropane, preferably in accordance with Formula (IB): CF3CClX?C(X?)3??Formula (IB) where each X? is independently F, Cl or H, and then exposing the compound of Formula (IB) to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce a compound of Formula (II) CF3CF?CHZ??(II) where Z is H, F, Cl, I or Br.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for the production of fluorinated olefins, preferably adapted to commercialization of CF3CF?CH2 (1234yf). In certain preferred embodiments the processes comprise first exposing a compound of Formula (IA) C(X)2?CClC(X)3??(IA) where each X is independently F, Cl or H, preferably CCl2?CClCH2Cl, to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce at least one chlorofluoropropane, preferably in accordance with Formula (IB): CF3CClX?C(X?)3??Formula (IB) where each X? is independently F, Cl or H, and then exposing the compound of Formula (IB) to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce a compound of Formula (II) CF3CF?CHZ??(II) where Z is H, F, Cl, I or Br.

Abstract: A cryosurgery device includes an aerosol container holding a liquid refrigerant and having a valve and a stem extending out therefrom; an actuator seated on the stem and including an outlet tube for receiving released refrigerant from the container; a hub mounted on the container and including slots therein; and a base having a central opening for receiving the hub, the base including aligning projections that enter the slots in the hub to engage and apply pressure to the actuator to cause the actuator to depress the stem and release refrigerant into the base. The container may further contain an applicator tube mounted to the hub in fluid communication with the outlet tube with a porous tip mounted to a distal end of the applicator tube for receiving the refrigerant and, being chilled thereby, applied to a skin lesion to be treated.

Abstract: A method for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene comprising (a) providing a starting composition comprising at least one compound having a structure selected from Formulae I, II and III: CX2?CCl—CH2X??(Formula I) CX3—CCl?CH2??(Formula II) CX3—CHCl—CH2X??(Formula III) wherein X is independently selected from F, Cl, Br, and I, provided that at least one X is not fluorine; (b) contacting said starting composition with a first fluorinating agent to produce a first intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a first chlorine-containing byproduct; (c) contacting said first intermediate composition with a second fluorinating agent to produce a second intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane and a second chlorine-containing byproduct; and (d) catalytically dehydrochlorinating at least a portion of said 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane to produce a reaction product comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene.

Abstract: Compositions and methods based on the use of fluoroalkene containing from 3 to 4 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond, such as HFO-1214, HFO-HFO-1233, or HFO-1354, having properties highly beneficial in foaming and blowing agent applications, articles and methods.

Abstract: The current invention relates to a process for making a tetrafluoropropene using a tetrafluorochloropropane and/or a pentafluoropropane as starting or intermediate reagents. More specifically, though not exclusively, the present invention relates to a novel method for preparing a tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a starting or intermediate tetrafluorochloropropane and/or pentafluoropropane material in the presence of a caustic solution at a temperature range greater than 40° C. and less than or equal to 80° C.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and systems having utility in numerous situations, including in particular solvent cleaning systems, as well as refrigerant lubricants and/or compatibilizing agents, and to methods which utilize such compositions and systems. More particularly, the present invention in preferred aspects is directed to solvents, blowing agents, heat transfer fluids and compatibilizing agents comprising the compound 3-chloro-1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro-2,4-hexadiene.

Abstract: Compositions and methods based on the use of fluoroalkene containing from 3 to 4 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond, such as HFO-1214, HFO-HFO-1233, or HFO-1354, having properties highly beneficial in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: A transducer assembly (100) for connecting a transducer (102) to a device, the transducer assembly comprising: a transducer mount (110) adapted to receive the transducer; and a clamp (120) comprising first and second jaws (122, 124), the first and second jaws being adapted to selectively clamp to a flange portion (106) of the device. The transducer mount (110) may comprise a housing (112), a resilient member (114) and first and second end walls (115, 116). The first end wall may be operatively connected to the device. The transducer (102) may be held within the housing and adjacent to the first end wall. The resilient member being disposed between the transducer and the second end wall.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of fluorinated olefins. In preferred embodiments C3 olefins are produced by methods comprising contacting a compound of the Formula (I) C(R1aR2bR3c)??(I) with a compound of Formula (II) C(R1aR2bR3c)Cn(R1aR2bR3c)??II wherein R1a, R2b, and R3c are independently a hydrogen atom or a halogen selected from the group consisting of fluorine; chlorine, bromine and iodine, provided that the compound of formula I has at least three halogen substituents and that said at three halogen substituents comprise at least one fluorine; a, b and c are independently=0, 1, 2 or 3 and (a+b+c)=2 or 3; and n is 0 or 1, under conditions effective to produce at least one C3 fluoroolefin.

Abstract: A low ether gel composition for application to skin comprising a keratolytic agent, in particular salicylic acid, and comprising a nitrocellulose and one or more volatile ingredients, which forms a film on contact with skin adequate to form a protective barrier for the keratolytic agent for a period of time necessary to provide treatment to the skin; methods of treating using such compositions, and dispensers containing such compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing fluorinated organic compounds, including hydrofluoropropenes, which preferably comprises converting at least one compound of formula (I): CF3CFnCHmXa-m??(I) to at least one compound of formula (II) CF3CZCHZ??(II). where each X is independently Cl, I or Br; each Z is independently H or F; n is 1 or 2; m is 1, 2 or 3, provided that when n is 1, m is 1 or 2; a is 2 or 3, and a-m?0. Certain embodiments include the step of reacting fluorinated C2 olefin, such as tetrafluoroethylene, with a C1 addition agent under conditions effective to produce a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process to manufacture 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) by reacting 2-chloro-3,3,3,-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) with hydrogen fluoride, in the presence of a fluorination catalyst, where by using 2-chloro-3,3,3,-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) of high purity, the need to add an oxidizing agent (typically chlorine) to keep the catalyst active can be avoided. The HCFC-244bb is then used as an intermediate in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene-1 (HFO-1234yf).