Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst product comprising of (a) porous acidic clay material and (b) binder and matrix to shape the catalyst to either microspheres, pellet, tablet, extrudate and ring and suitable for enhancing the crack-ability of heavy feed material derived from atmospheric and vacuum distillation bottoms; FCC bottoms, coker bottoms and hydrocracker bottoms. The invention particularly relates to a catalyst cum heat supply product suitable for thermal coking process either in a batch mode or continuous coking process.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying additives into a coker drum includes an inlet for supplying a hydrocarbon feed stream into the coker drum and conduits along the circumference of walls of the coker drum. Each conduit has an injection nozzle to supply additives inside the coker drum. An injection control system controls the operation of the injection nozzles such that 1) one or more of the injection nozzles placed within a first distance above a vapour liquid interphase of the hydrocarbon feed stream are configured to supply the additives; and 2) supply of the additive discontinues from a particular injection nozzle when a distance between the injection nozzle and the vapour liquid interphase is less than or equal to a second distance. The apparatus optionally includes a mechanical drive system moving at least one of the conduits based on the level of the vapour liquid interphase in the coker drum.

Abstract: A multi-stage hydrotreating process obtains ultra-low sulfur diesel boiling range hydrocarbon having less than 10 ppm sulfur with elimination of external hot high pressure separator and avoids the formation of recombinant mercaptans by removing excess hydrogen sulfide formed during hydroprocessing reaction. The process includes mixing a diesel boiling range hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen and sending to the first predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage. Effluent from the first hydroprocessing reaction stage is sent to first separator zone of open and empty space in the upper part of the second hydroprocessing reaction stage to flash off the dissolved reaction products hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Liquid part of the effluent of first hydroprocessing reaction stage is passed to the second predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage.

Abstract: The current invention provides a hydrotreating catalyst comprising of metals of at least one each from Group VIB, preferably molybdenum and Group VIII, preferably nickel, of the periodic table supported on alumina modified with small amounts of modifying elements well dispersed on the surface so as to retain the physico-chemical characteristics of the support and result in high performance for hydrodesulphurization catalyst, and a commercially viable process for producing such a catalyst. The present invention also discloses a commercially viable method for modifying alumina in the powder form without affecting the porous structure of the support obtained.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for enhancing quality of a hydrocarbon stream. More particularly, the present invention discloses a process for improvement of the combustion quality of a diesel range stream by dissolving an oxygen source in the feed stream before carrying out the oxidation, thereby enhancing the Cetane number, lubricity and reducing emission of the stream. The present invention also discloses a process for enhancing combustion quality of a hydrocarbon stream by carrying out the process in presence of an organometallic catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a CO oxidation promoter additive and a method of its preparation. The CO oxidation promoter additive is having improved apparent bulk density and attrition properties for use in hydrocarbon conversion during fluid catalytic cracking. The CO oxidation promoter additive has a better CO to CO2 conversion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel catalyst composition for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon streams to enhance the yield of light olefins. The catalyst composition for the cracking of hydrocarbon feed streams to light olefins, comprises a USY zeolite with silica/alumina ratio of more than 40, pentasil zeolite, a phosphate compound and alumina silica binder. The yield of olefins is further increased when the catalyst composition is impregnated with a cerium oxide. The present invention also provides a process of increasing the yield of light olefins from hydrocarbon feed streams comprising contacting the hydrocarbon streams with catalyst compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst precursor composition comprising a first component having active sites, said first component being at least one of the surface modified clay and/or pore modified zeolite; and a second component being metal species comprising of at least one metal selected from Group VI B and at least one metal selected from VIII B and the second component is in intimate contact with the active sites of the first component. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the catalyst precursor composition. The present invention also relates to a catalyst composition and process of preparation thereof by using the catalyst precursor. More particularly, the present invention provides a catalyst composition suitable for converting hydrocarbon feeds to diesel range product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composition for use in a catalytic cracking process, said catalyst composition comprises 3.5 to 15.5% of pentasil zeolite, 9 to 40% of ultra-stable Y (USY) or rare earth exchanged USY (REUSY) zeolite, 3.5 to 15% of large pore active matrix based bottom up gradation component and 0.3 to 3% of a metal trap component, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the said catalyst composition and a catalytic cracking process comprising contacting the said catalyst composition with a feedstock.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-stage hydrotreating process obtains ultra-low sulfur diesel boiling range hydrocarbon having less than 10 ppm sulfur with elimination of external hot high pressure separator and avoids the formation of recombinant mercaptans by removing excess hydrogen sulfide formed during hydroprocessing reaction. The process includes mixing a diesel boiling range hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen and sending to the first predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage. Effluent from the first hydroprocessing reaction stage is sent to first separator zone of open and empty space in the upper part of the second hydroprocessing reaction stage to flash off the dissolved reaction products hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Liquid part of the effluent of first hydroprocessing reaction stage is passed to the second predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage.

Abstract: A multi-stage hydrotreating process obtains ultra-low sulfur diesel boiling range hydrocarbon having less than 10 ppm sulfur with elimination of external hot high pressure separator and avoids the formation of recombinant mercaptans by removing excess hydrogen sulfide formed during hydroprocessing reaction. The process includes mixing a diesel boiling range hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen and sending to the first predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage. Effluent from the first hydroprocessing reaction stage is sent to first separator zone of open and empty space in the upper part of the second hydroprocessing reaction stage to flash off the dissolved reaction products hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Liquid part of the effluent of first hydroprocessing reaction stage is passed to the second predominantly liquid phase hydroprocessing reaction stage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and a system for coking and simultaneous upgrading of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock. More particularly the present invention relates to a process of cracking heavy hydrocarbon feedstock employing high heat carrier, incorporated with weak acid sites for improving the liquid yield and reducing coke yield. The feedstock is vaporized and brought in contact with a heat carrier material to produce a product stream and separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier, regeneration of the particulate heat carrier to the extent of 10-30% and collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream.

Abstract: The invention discloses a rubber process oil and a process for manufacturing rubber process oils which are non-carcinogenic in nature. The process comprises of selectively producing Hildebrand solubility components enriched vacuum residue by selective distillation of reduced crude oil (RCO) to obtain minimum of 10 vol % boiling components in the range 490° C. to 50° C., which leads to higher solubility of rubber process oil with an aniline point of less than 70° C. and with extremely low concentration of selective polycyclic aromatics which makes the 15 product non-carcinogenic.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to a feed nozzle assembly 100 for atomizing a heavy hydrocarbon feed by mixing the hydrocarbon feed with a diluent and an atomizing media. The feed nozzle assembly 100 includes at least one primary mixing chambers 101 for receiving the liquid hydrocarbon feed and the diluent to create a primary mixture. The primary mixture is than forwarded to a secondary mixing chamber 102. The secondary mixing chamber extends to a tertiary mixing chamber 103. A steam inlet 110 is provided to inject streams of steam to the secondary mixing chamber 102 and to the tertiary mixing chamber 103 through a first opening and a second opening, respectively, located within the steam inlet 110.

Abstract: The present invention provides a delayed coking process comprising a step of subjecting a mixed feed comprises residual heavy hydrocarbon feedstock and bio oil obtained from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass of one or more of Jatropha, Cashew nut, Karanjia and Neem to a delayed coking process and a system for the delayed coking process.

Abstract: The invention concerns with improved and more flexible deasphalting process for production of lube oil base stock as well as feed stock for secondary processes depending on requirement from heavy residual hydrocarbon oil containing saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes etc by contacting the oil with a solvent comprising of hydrocarbon containing two to six carbon atoms, preferably LPG having C3-C4 hydrocarbons and mixture thereof at predetermined deasphalting conditions wherein the yield of deasphalted oil including its quality is controlled by varying the deasphalting conditions including the operating temperature. The yield variations of 15 to 60 wt % is achieved by swinging the temperature by about 10-20° C. within the operative temperature range of 70-130° C. keeping the rest of the operating conditions including solvent to feed ratio same. The LPG solvent can be recovered using supercritical mode of operation using technology known in the art and recycled.

Abstract: This invention provides a fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus and process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock containing higher concentrations of Conradson Carbon Residue (CCR), metal impurities, etc into lighter products by employing two riser reactors in which the feed impurities are removed using an adsorbent in a first riser reactor and cracking a portion of first riser reactor liquid product in a second riser reactor to lighter products using the active catalyst thus eliminating the catalyst deactivation due to metal, impurities and FCC catalyst activity dilution effect to achieve a better conversion and higher catalyst longevity.