Abstract: A process for producing an ?-substituted acrylic norbornanyl compound represented by the formula [3] includes reacting an ?-substituted acrylic acid anhydride represented by the formula [1] with a substituted norbornanyl alcohol represented by the formula [2]. wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, fluoromethyl group, difluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, or perfluoroethyl group, and wherein one of R2, R3 and R4 is a CF3C(CF3)(OH)CH2— group, and each of the other two of R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrogen.

Abstract: The address decoder includes: a plurality of decode units each formed by a combinational logic circuit; an inverting circuit which inverts an output of said decode unit; an AND circuit which performs a logical AND operation between an output signal of said decode unit, which has been inverted by said inverting circuit, and another one of said plurality of decode units. This arrangement makes it possible to simplify the circuit construction, to improve the processing speed, and to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus able to improve the utilization efficiency of light and attain a high luminance of light. An optical waveguide for guiding light emitted from a light source is provided, and a color separator for transmitting predetermined color light included in the light guided by the optical waveguide and for reflecting predetermined color light included in the guided light is also provided. The light reflected by the color separator is guided by the optical waveguide and is thereafter reflected by a reflecting member. The light reflected by the reflecting member is radiated into the optical waveguide and conducted thereby to the color separator.

Abstract: The address decoder includes: a plurality of decode units each formed by a combinational logic circuit; an inverting circuit which inverts an output of said decode unit; an AND circuit which performs a logical AND operation between an output signal of said decode unit, which has been inverted by said inverting circuit, and another one of said plurality of decode units. This arrangement makes it possible to simplify the circuit construction, to improve the processing speed, and to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: A distributed processing system includes plural nodes each provided with a processor and communicably connected to each other. A task information obtaining unit obtains antecedent dependency between tasks. A node information obtaining unit obtains a time constraint imposed on the tasks. A start time computing unit computes an absolute earliest start time at which a task can be started and an absolute latest start time allowed in order to complete the task within the time constraint, by referring to the time constraint. A node selector selects a destination node to which a target task not yet allocated to a node should be allocated, by referring to the absolute earliest start time and the absolute latest start time. A task placement unit causes the task to be executed in the selected node.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel compound, 3-hydroxypropyl ester of 2-trifluoromethyl acrylic acid, represented by the formula [1]. The invention further relates to a process for producing the compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel compound, 3-hydroxypropyl ester of 2-trifluoromethyl acrylic acid, represented by the formula [1]. The invention further relates to a process for producing the compound. This process includes reacting 2-trifluoromethylacrylic halide represented by the formula [2], wherein the halogen atom is F or Cl, with 1,3-propanediol represented by the formula [3], in the presence of a base.

Abstract: A process for producing an ?-substituted acrylic norbornanyl compound represented by the formula [3] includes reacting an ?-substituted acrylic acid anhydride represented by the formula [1] with a substituted norbornanyl alcohol represented by the formula [2]. wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, fluoromethyl group, difluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, or perfluoroethyl group, and wherein one of R2, R3 and R4 is a CF3C(CF3)(OH)CH2— group, and each of the other two of R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrogen.

Abstract: An operating system is provided that employs a nano-kernel and that reduces the number of times of revocation of a scheduler without impairing operation of a system incorporating the operating system. Each time a context switch occurs to switch from one to another thread, the operating system records the history of the context switch. When a scheduler that controls the sequence of execution of threads is invoked, a queue managed by the scheduler is updated tracking back the recorded history.

Abstract: A scheduling method for use with a multi-thread system which is capable of time-sharing processing a plurality of threads is provided which can avoid the drawback of priority inversion, minimize the modification of a wait queue, and ensure the optimum use of the processing time of a CPU. According to the present invention, a time slot data is assigned to each thread and the scheduling is carried out on the basis of the time slot data. As a processing time is imparted to the time slot data, the execution of the thread to which the time slot data is assigned is started. In case that a higher priority thread has to wait for the completion of the execution of a lower priority thread, the time slot data assigned to the higher priority thread is handled as a time slot data of the lower priority thread, hence allowing the execution of the lower priority thread to be started upon a processing time imparted to the time slot data.

Abstract: A method for data communication between objects or between object-oriented programming systems, such as object-oriented operating systems (OS), in which transparency to different environments is presented for convenience to a programmer. In the data communication method for having communication between the object-oriented operating systems or between objects, a tag (Tag), a future (Future) and continuation (Continuation) are handled as a tag (Tag) for controlling the synchronization and parallelism of communication between objects proper to different communication mechanisms having different properties or interfaces. These tags are communicated along with the communication message.

Abstract: Each of object-oriented device drivers is described in terms of a multi-thread object which can allocate a message processing thread and an interrupt processing thread to be exclusively used for each interrupt. The device driver, when executing a processing based on a message received from another object, assigns the processing to the message processing thread. When an event has occurred requesting an interrupt to the device driver, the device driver executes the interrupt processing corresponding to the event in the interrupt processing thread corresponding to the event.

Abstract: Route control and resource reservation mechanisms are integrated so as to perform multicast communication efficiently. In response to a connection establishment request from a new receiver (host F) with a sender (host A), resources are temporarily reserved and a route suitable for the receiver initiated request is selected, and the connection establishment request is transferred to an upper node. A similar process is performed in host D, and a connection establishment request is transferred to an upper node. In host C, resources are reserved, a confirmation request is transferred to a lower node, and the confirmation request is transferred to the host F via host D. In host F, the quantity of resources is adjusted, and the establishment of the connection with host A is completed.

Abstract: A magneto-optic disk and a recording/reproduction device therefor adopt optical super-resolution to increase recording capacity. More specifically, the magneto-optic disk has an heat emitting layer (6) on a recording layer (4) and still preferably has an intermediate layer (8) between a reproduction layer (3) and the recording layer (4). The recording/reproduction device includes a circuit (33) for pulsing a laser beam to be radiated to the magneto-optic disk and still preferably includes a polarization rotating unit (50) and a polarizing filter (51) for blocking only the center of the laser beam in reproduction. The heat emitting layer (6) diffusing any heat generated by the laser beam, and the discontinuously radiated laser beam allow small recording domain. The laser beam having its center blocked forms smaller main lobe due to diffraction effect.

Abstract: In magneto-optical recording medium, on a transparent substrate of polycarbonate resin, an SiN film having the thickness of 600 to 800 .ANG. and surface roughness Rmax of at most 10 nm is formed. On the SiN film, a GdFeCo reading layer having the thickness of 800 to 1200 .ANG. with Gd content of 30 to 36 at. % and Co content of 12 to 50 at. % is formed. On the reading layer, a TbFeCo recording layer of which Co content is 10 to 16 at. % is formed. The recording layer is a perpendicular magnetization film, and the reading layer is an in-plane magnetization film. At the time of reading, the reading and recording layers are heated, and the direction of magnetization of the recording layer is transferred to the reading layer only in the prescribed heated area. Information can be read only from the transferred portion, and thus a super resolution effect is obtained. When Kerr rotation angle .theta..sub.

Abstract: An erasing beam B1 and a recording beam B2 emitted from a laser diode array 20 are focused on different tracks of a optical magnetic disk D, the erasing beam B1 being focused on a track located ahead of a track on which the recording beam B2 is focused. The reflected beams of the erasing beam B1 and the recording beam B2 are separated respectively into two polarized components by means of a polarized beam splitter 17 and the polarized components are received by photo sensor means 23 and 24. Based on outputs of the photo sensor means 23 and 24, an address signal, a focus error signal and a tracking error signal are obtained. At the time of reproduction, the laser diode array 20 emits a reproducing beam so that the photo sensor means provide a reproducing signal.