Abstract: A communication system, wherein plural elliptical orbits in which an apogee is located on a specified service area are so defined that an individual right ascension of north-bound node may be established with a designated angle. A satellite is made to travel on an individual elliptical orbit and a group of satellites to be arranged on said elliptical orbits are used so that at least one of artificial satellites having a communication system may be always viewable within a pre-defined range of ascending vertical angle in a zenith direction from the service area.

Abstract: A communication device for a mobile unit designed to save power without inviting a deterioration in communication performance. In the communication device for performing radio communication by a frame unit having a plurality of transmission blocks each of which comprises a transmission information portion and a control data portion relative to the transmission information portion, the communication device includes a transmission level adjusting part for adjusting the respective transmission levels of the transmission information portion and the control data portion so as to make them differ from each other.

Abstract: A selector device which can select a target storage location only with a simple sound without visually confirming displayed contents. The selector device has a memory which can store stored information respectively at a plurality of storage locations. Specifying information for specifying a sound particular to each storage location can be stored in the memory. The storage locations are sequentially specified in an uniform order through manipulations on an UP key and a DOWN key, causing the sounds particular to the respective storage locations to be generated sequentially from a speaker. A storage location, at which a desired sound is generated, is decided through a manipulation on a decision input key.

Abstract: A satellite communication system by which information of afflicted areas can be collected rapidly and accurately at the time of disaster such as an earthquake or the like, and which is easy to introduce. In the system, a center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange. Portable terrestrial stations are made to one-to-one correspond to the extensions accommodated in the private branch exchange and the center station connects the extensions to the corresponding portable terrestrial stations. The respective frequency bands of a communication satellite to be used for the transmission from each of the portable terrestrial stations to the center station and for the transmission from the center station of each of the portable terrestrial stations corresponding to the one extension are stationarily secured. Each portable terrestrial station is small-sized so as to be portable by a person or by a motorcycle.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for pulling a single crystal silicon whose diameter is more than 200 mm. The single crystal silicon pulled by the method of this invention has a desired oxygen concentration and a uniform oxygen concentration distribution along its longitudinal axis. In the process of this invention, the single crystal silicon and the quartz crucible are driven to rotate in reverse directions, and the rotation speed of the single crystal silicon is set within the range of 8 to 16 rpm and to be more than twice the rotating speed of the crucible. The rotation speed of the crucible is set to be at its minimum value during pulling a body portion which begins from the beginning end of the single-crystal body and terminates at a location apart from the beginning end within a distance of 10% of the total length of the single-crystal body. Subsequently, the rotation speed of the crucible is gradually raised and is set to no more than a maximum value of 8 rpm.

Abstract: A semiconductor single crystal lift device which comprises a crucible for melting materials for forming semiconductor single crystals and a radiation screen disposed at an upper portion of the crucible and formed of a reversed-cone-shaped adiabatic tube surrounding a lift zone, the apparatus being adopted for lifting up the semiconductor single crystal from a melt in the crucible, in which the radiation screen is divided into more than three adiabatic members, at least part of the adiabatic members being configured in a detachable fashion so that an adiabatic nature of the radiation screen can be partly altered.

Abstract: An agent for prophylaxis or treatment of cataract, which comprises as an active ingredient at least one compound selected from a group consisting of a carbostyril compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a lower alkanoylamino-substituted lower alkoxy group, and the bond between the 3- and 4-positions of the carbostyril nucleus is single bond or double bond, or a salt thereof, 5-dimethylamino-1-?4-(2-methylbenzoylamino)benzoyl!-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzazepine and 5-hydroxy-7-chloro-1-?2-methyl-4-(2-methylbenzoylamino)benzoyl!-2,3,4,5-te trahydro-1H-benzazepine, a method for prophylaxis or treatment of cataract using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a digital demodulation technique in which a reception modulated-wave signal is converted into a digital signal in synchronism with a sampling frequency, whereafter carrier regeneration/detection is carried out upon the digital signal to thereby output a detection signal. Then, the detection signal is subject to interpolation and resampling on the basis of a clock frequency established asynchronously with and independently of the sampling frequency, so that a timing component is extracted from the detection signal in synchronism with the clock frequency to thereby output a reception data. In the digital demodulation technique, since the sampling frequency and the clock frequency are established asynchronously with and independently of each other, jitter or the like produced in clock regeneration do not affect the carrier regeneration/detection. Consequently, noiseless reception data with little jitters can be regenerated.

Abstract: A carrier recovery phase-locked loop for recovering a carrier from a digitized quadrature phase shift keying modulated wave arriving on time division basis comprises a PLL circuit, first unit, responsive to the received signal, for preparing a phase comparator's characteristic adapted for a binary phase shift keying modulated wave, second unit, also responsive to the received signal, for preparing a phase comparator's characteristic adapted for the quadrature phase shift keying modulated wave and switching unit for selectively supplying output signals from the first and second units to the PLL circuit. During reception of a preamble, the carrier is recovered using the binary phase comparator's characteristic through the PLL circuit.

Abstract: A modulator for generating a burst-like modulated wave used in a multi-carrier transmission type communication system in which a plurality of modulated waves including at least one burst-like modulated wave exist on the same transmission line and the frequency band occupied by energy of each of the plurality of modulated waves is limited. Polarities of the transmission code which appear before and after either of on-timing and off-timing of the carrier on/off switched to obtain the burst-like modulated wave among the plurality of modulated waves are inverted to each other, whereby the envelope of the burst-like modulated wve can be changed gradually at the carrier on/off timing in order to reduce the interference of the modulated wave with the adjacent channels without degrading the transmission efficiency.

Abstract: A digital demodulator for separating and demodulating quadrature modulated signals to produce the inphase components and quadrature components of a baseband through simple digital processing. This digital demodulator is constructed by an A/D converter for sampling received modulated signal so as to be converted into digital signals, means for distributing every other sample signal of the sample signals from said A/D converter into two trains of the sample signals, means for inverting the polarity of every other signal of the one signal train so as to provide the inphase components of the baseband, and means for delaying the other signal sequence by one sampling period and thereafter inverting the polarity of every other signal of the delayed signals so as to provide the quadrature components of the baseband.

Abstract: A quadrature phase modulator constructed by use of a simple digital circuit. Digital signals of sample data obtained by sampling outputs from a roll-off filter with a frequency four times a modulated carrier frequency are stored in an ROM, the outputs corresponding to all combinations of a plurality of successive bits of input data; the plurality of bits are set as an address, and a signal of an in-phase channel and a signal of a quadrature phase channel is alternately read from the ROM with a frequency equal to half the sampling frequency, then the obtained serial signals are subjected to a digital-to-analog conversion to obtain a quadrature phase modulated signal.

Abstract: A failure notification system for a system including a plurality of processors connected by a common path through individual node stations. The failure of a data processor is detected by the associated node station by noting the cessation of clock pulses from the processor. When a data frame from a remote processor is destined for the failed processor and is received by the node station for the failed processor, the latter node station transmits a failure notice frame onto the common path. The destination address and source address of the failure notice frame are the reverse of those addresses in the data frame destined for the failed processor.

Abstract: An electric recording material comprising(A) a semiconductive resin layer comprising a resin matrix and a conductivity-imparting agent dispersed therein and having a surface resistance of more than 1 ohm to less than 10.sup.5 ohms,(B) a metal-containing resin layer comprising a resin matrix and 5 to 60% by volume of a metal powder dispersed therein and having a surface resistance of 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.16 ohms, said metal-containing layer being laminated to one surface of said semiconductive resin layer (A),(C) an electrically conductive covering layer having a surface resistance not exceeding 10.sup.

Abstract: A horizontal type blind having a novel mechanism for opening and closing slats which includes a pair of drive shafts juxtaposed in a housing fixed to a head box and adapted to be rotated in the same direction by pulling a slats-opening and closing cord and a pair of rollers connected to the drive shafts respectively and having two straps for holding the slats wound therearound respectively so as to feed either one of the straps while taking up the other according to the rotation of the rollers.

Abstract: An electric recording material comprising(A) a semiconductive resin layer comprising a resin matrix and a conductivity-imparting agent dispersed therein and having a surface resistance of more than 1 ohm to less than 10.sup.5 ohms,(B) a metal-containing resin layer comprising a resin matrix and 5 to 60% by volume of a metal powder dispersed therein and having a surface resistance of 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.16 ohms, said metal-containing layer being laminated to one surface of said semiconductive resin layer (A),(C) an electrically conductive covering layer having a surface resistance not exceeding 10.sup.

Abstract: An electrophotographic recording material formed by extrusion, which comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of a blended composition of olefins having high and low melt indices in a specified weight ratio, (B) 0.025 to 40 parts by weight of a specified light-sensitizing organic compound, (C) 200 to 600 parts by weight of particulate photoconductive zinc oxide, (D) 0.06 to 0.4 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the total of components (A), (B) and (C), of a specified metal (e.g., Mg, Ca, Zn, Sn) salt of a C.sub.12-20 saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, and (E) 1 to 20 parts by weight of a silicone polymer; the components (B), (C), (D) and (E) being uniformly dispersed in component (A), and the light-sensitizing organic compound (B) being adsorbed to the surface of the zinc oxide (C).