Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrode is provided. The electrode includes a current collector, an electrode mixture layer, and a self-assembled film. The first self-assembled film covers at least a part of a surface of the current collector. The first self-assembled film contains organic molecules. The electrode mixture layer disposed on at least a part of the first self-assembled film.

Abstract: An electrode comprises a current collector; and an active material-containing layer having active materials on the current collector. The active material-containing layer has a first surface contacting the current collector and a second surface which is opposite side of the first surface. At least one part of the second surface is covered by a compound containing Zn. When an image of the second surface is taken by Scanning Electron Microscope, the image is divided into 100 blocks, a ratio of existence of blocks having hexagonal platelet shaped compound containing Zn to the 100 blocks is calculated, and the ratio of existence of blocks is calculated with respect to 10 images, an average of the ratio of existence of blocks with respect to the 10 images is 20% or less (including 0).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a lithium zinc secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an aqueous electrolyte, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a zinc-including metal body and an oxide on at least a part of a surface of the metal body. The aqueous electrolyte includes zinc and a lithium salt. Zinc is dissolved and deposited at the negative electrode. Lithium is inserted and extracted from the oxide in a range of ?1.4 V (vs. SCE) or more and ?1.0 V (vs. SCE) or less. A specific surface area of the oxide is 10 m2/g or more and 350 m2/g or less. A mol concentration ratio Zn/Li between zinc and lithium in the aqueous electrolyte is 1.0×10?5 or more and 0.3 or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator. The positive electrode includes a first electrolyte containing aluminum ions. The negative electrode is capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator has lithium ion conductivity.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material and an additive resin containing a hydroxyl group unit and a first unit. The first unit consists of at least one of a butyral unit and an acetal unit. A content ratio of a content of the first unit contained in the additive resin to a content of the hydroxyl group unit contained in the additive resin is in a range of 1.2 to 18.

Abstract: A packing has a plurality of sheet materials spaced and arranged in parallel, and liquid flows along the flat surface thereof in a standing use state. Each sheet material has at least one member group including a plurality of support members arranged such that the upper end of the uppermost support member corresponds to the upper end of the sheet material and the lower end of the lowermost support member corresponds to the lower end of the sheet material. Each support member has a pair of support walls parallel to the liquid flow direction and perpendicular to the sheet material surface, and a bridging part connecting the support walls. A sandwiching structure is formed that one sheet material is held by at least one support member attached thereto and at least one support member attached to an adjacent sheet material, and it extends linearly through the plurality of sheet materials.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode active material layer contains carbon dioxide and releases the carbon dioxide in the range of 0.1 ml to 5 ml per 1 g when heated at 200° C. for 1 minute.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, a first electrolyte and a second electrolyte. The separator is arranged at least between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The first electrolyte is contained at least in the positive electrode. The first electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an aqueous solvent. The second electrolyte is contained at least in the negative electrode. The second electrolyte includes a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt and an aqueous solvent.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode active material layer contains carbon dioxide and releases the carbon dioxide in the range of 0.1 ml to 5 ml per 1 g when heated at 200° C. for 1 minute.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an aqueous electrolyte. The aqueous electrolyte includes a first aqueous electrolyte and a second aqueous electrolyte. The first aqueous electrolyte is in contact with at least part of the positive electrode and contains lithium ions. The second aqueous electrolyte is in contact with at least part of the negative electrode and contains lithium ions. The concentration of lithium ions contained in the second aqueous electrolyte is higher than the concentration of lithium ions contained in the first aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a water-containing solvent and a nitrogen atom-containing organic sulfur compound. The concentration of the nitrogen atom-containing organic sulfur compound in the electrolyte is within a range of from 0.001 mM to 20 mM.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode contains a titanium-containing oxide. The aqueous electrolyte contains a solvent and alkali metal ions or alkaline earth metal ions, the solvent containing water and a water-soluble organic solvent. An interfacial tension of the aqueous electrolyte is 37 mN/m or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode including titanium oxide particles, and an aqueous electrolyte. The surfaces of the titanium oxide particles are partially covered with an alkyl-based silane compound. The ratio IB/IA of the intensity IB of the second peak PB to the intensity IA of the first peak PA is within a range of 4 to 10. The first peak PA is a maximum peak present within a range of 3200 cm?1 to 3600 cm?1 in an infrared absorption spectrum of the titanium oxide particles. The second peak PB is a maximum peak present within a range of 565 cm?1 to 570 cm?1 in the infrared absorption spectrum of the titanium oxide particles.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a secondary battery including an aqueous electrolyte, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode. A compound containing an element A is present on at least a part of the surface of the negative electrode. The element A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Hg, Pb, Zn, and Bi.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a secondary battery including an aqueous electrolyte, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode, where the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material containing a Ti-containing composite oxide. At least one element A selected from the group consisting of Hg, Pb, Zn, and Bi is present on a surface of the negative electrode. An average of molar ratios (A/(A+Ti)) of the element A is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 40%. Each of the molar ratios is a molar amount of the element A to a sum between the molar amount of the element A and a molar amount of Ti on the surface of the negative electrode, according to scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode includes a titanium-containing oxide. The aqueous electrolyte includes a sodium ion having a concentration of 3 mol/L or more and at least one type of first anion selected from the group consisting of [N(FSO2)2]?, SO32?, S2O32? and SCN?.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a battery module includes a battery unit. The battery unit includes a nonaqueous lithium ion battery including a nonaqueous electrolyte, and an aqueous lithium ion battery including an electrolytic solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved in an aqueous solvent. In the battery unit, the aqueous lithium ion battery is connected in parallel to the nonaqueous lithium ion battery.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The separator includes a porous self-supporting film, a solid electrolyte layer, and a first binder. The solid electrolyte layer is provided on one main surface of the porous self-supporting film. The porous self-supported film and the solid electrolyte layer are adhered with the first binder. The first binder exists on both of the one main surface and another main surface of the porous self-supporting film. The solid electrolyte layer includes solid electrolyte particles and a second binder. The solid electrolyte particles have alkali metal ions conductivity. The polymeric material of the second bonder is a same as the polymeric material of the first material.

Abstract: An electrode material for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery that includes a composite particle that contains a silicon dioxide particle having an average primary particle size of D1, a silicon particle having an average primary particle size of D2, and a carbon material, where D1 is 5 nm or more and 80 nm or less and the ratio D2/D1 is 0.3 or more and 8 or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector, a negative electrode terminal electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector, a joint electrically connecting the negative electrode terminal and the negative electrode current collector, and a water repellent layer covering the joint. The joint is covered with the inner surface of the water repellent layer. A contact angle ? with respect to water on an outer surface of the water repellent layer satisfies 80°??.