Abstract: A radiation detection apparatus according to an embodiment includes a radiation detector that detects radiation; a first measurer that measures energy of the radiation from the radiation detected by the radiation detector; and a second measurer that measures the number of times that the radiation detector detects the radiation.

Abstract: A pulse detection circuit according to an embodiment includes a conversion circuit, a delay circuit, first and second comparators, a latch, and a generation circuit. The conversion circuit converts an input signal into a thermometer code signal. The delay circuit outputs a delay signal being the thermometer code signal delayed by a predetermined delay time. The first comparator (The second comparator) compares the thermometer code signal with the delay signal and outputs an increase signal (a decrease signal) indicating whether the input signal is larger (smaller) than the input signal before the delay time. Based on the increase signal and the decrease signal, the latch outputs an increase-decrease signal indicating whether the input signal is increasing or decreasing. Based on the thermometer code signal and the increase-decrease signal, the generation circuit generates a pulse detection signal and a pileup detection signal.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a signal processor includes an integrator, a differentiator, a zero cross detector, a pile-up detector, an event interval detector, a counter, and a creator. The integrator is configured to calculate charge of current from a photoelectric converter for an incident radiation. The differentiator is configured to calculate a differential value of the current. The zero cross detector is configured to detect a zero cross of the differential value. The pile-up detector is configured to detect pile-up of the current based on the zero cross. The event interval detector is configured to detect, based on the zero cross and pile-up, an event interval of the radiation entering. The counter is configured to count, based on the charge and pile-up, the respective numbers of events according to the charge and the event interval. The creator is configured to create histograms for the numbers of events.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a photon detector includes a photoelectric converter, a voltage supplier, a potential variation detector, and an adjustor. The photoelectric converter performs photoelectric conversion based on an incident photon and outputs current corresponding to number of photons. The voltage supplier supplies a voltage to the photoelectric converter. The potential variation detector detects potential variation of a cathode of the photoelectric converter. The adjustor adjusts a potential of an anode of the photoelectric converter based on the potential variation detected by the potential variation detector so that variation in a potential difference between the cathode and the anode of the photoelectric converter is reduced, and outputs current from the photoelectric converter to the outside.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an apparatus includes a first detector, a second detector, and a controller. The first detector is configured to detect first radiation at a first frequency within a first time by at least a first radiation detecting element and a second radiation detecting element that are positioned near to each other, and output a first signal. The second detector is configured to detect second radiation at a second frequency less than the first frequency within a second time by at least the first radiation detecting element and the second radiation detecting element, and output a second signal. The controller is configured to generate a third signal representing a difference between the first signal and the second signal, and calculate energy using the third signal.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a detection device includes a plurality of first detectors and a plurality of second detectors. The plurality of first detectors are arranged on a two-dimensional plane. Each first detector is configured to detect photons in a photon-counting manner. The plurality of second detectors are arranged on the two-dimensional plane. Each second detector is configured to detect photons in a charge-integrating manner.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a circuit includes a shunt and a controller. The shunt shunts input current into a plurality of current paths. The controller controls a gain of current inputted to the shunt by combining the current that is shunted into the current paths by the shunt in combination corresponding to a first signal from the outside or changing a shunt ratio with which the shunt shunts the current into the current paths corresponding to the first signal.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a signal processing device includes a first integrator, a second integrator, a switcher, and a calculator. The first integrator is configured to integrate a current represented by a reference waveform equivalent to a normal waveform in a case of no pileup phenomenon regarding the current to calculate a first electrical charge. The second integrator is configured to integrate a current output from a photoelectric converter to calculate a second electrical charge. The switcher is configured to, when a pileup phenomenon has occurred, perform switching either to a state in which the first and second electrical charges are output or to a state in which the first electrical charge and a reference charge are output. The calculator is configured to calculate a first difference charge between the first and second electrical charges, and calculate a second difference charge between the first electrical charge and the reference charge.

Abstract: A waveform shaping filter according to one embodiment includes a first resistor, a first transistor, a first capacitor, and a first amplifier. The first resistor includes one end to which a signal current is input and the other end. The first transistor includes a first terminal connected to the other end of the first resistor, a second terminal, and a control terminal. The first capacitor includes one end connected to the other end of the first resistor and the other end. The first amplifier includes an input terminal connected to the one end of the first resistor and an output terminal connected to the control terminal of the first transistor.

Abstract: A radiation detection apparatus according to an embodiment includes a radiation detector that detects radiation; a first measurer that measures energy of the radiation from the radiation detected by the radiation detector; and a second measurer that measures the number of times that the radiation detector detects the radiation.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a noise removing device includes a first difference detector and a second difference detector. The first difference detector detects a difference between a first reset signal at a first timing and a second reset signal at a second timing after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the first timing. The second difference detector subtracts the difference detected by the first difference detector from a main signal between the first reset signal and the second reset signal, and outputs a subtraction result.

Abstract: An integrator according to an embodiment includes first and second nodes, first to fifth switches, first and second main integration capacitors, and a first subsidiary integration capacitor. The first (second, third, fourth, fifth) switch has one end connected to a first (third, first, fourth, first) node and the other end connected to a third (second, fourth, second, fifth) node. The first main integration capacitor has one end connected to the third node and the other end connected to a standard voltage line. The second main integration capacitor has one end connected to the fourth node and the other end connected to the standard voltage line. The first subsidiary integration capacitor that has one end connected to the fifth node and the other end connected to the standard voltage line.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a detection device includes a plurality of first detectors and a plurality of second detectors. The plurality of first detectors are arranged on a two-dimensional plane. Each first detector is configured to detect photons in a photon-counting manner. The plurality of second detectors are arranged on the two-dimensional plane. Each second detector is configured to detect photons in a charge-integrating manner.

Abstract: A current detection circuit according to one embodiment includes a low-pass filter, a voltage-to-current converter circuit, and a comparator. The low-pass filter has a first terminal connected to a signal input terminal to which a signal current is input. The voltage-to-current converter circuit has a first terminal connected to a second terminal of the low-pass filter and has a second terminal connected to the signal input terminal. The comparator has a first input terminal and a second input terminal and outputs a signal according to a difference between a signal input through the first input terminal and a signal input through the second input terminal, the first input terminal being connected to the second terminal of the low-pass filter, and the second input terminal being connected to the second terminal of the voltage-to-current converter circuit.

Abstract: An integrator according to an embodiment includes first and second nodes, first to fifth switches, first and second main integration capacitors, and a first subsidiary integration capacitor. The first (second, third, fourth, fifth) switch has one end connected to a first (third, first, fourth, first) node and the other end connected to a third (second, fourth, second, fifth) node. The first main integration capacitor has one end connected to the third node and the other end connected to a standard voltage line. The second main integration capacitor has one end connected to the fourth node and the other end connected to the standard voltage line. The first subsidiary integration capacitor that has one end connected to the fifth node and the other end connected to the standard voltage line.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a signal processor includes an integrator, a differentiator, a zero cross detector, a pile-up detector, an event interval detector, a counter, and a creator. The integrator is configured to calculate charge of current from a photoelectric converter for an incident radiation. The differentiator is configured to calculate a differential value of the current. The zero cross detector is configured to detect a zero cross of the differential value. The pile-up detector is configured to detect pile-up of the current based on the zero cross. The event interval detector is configured to detect, based on the zero cross and pile-up, an event interval of the radiation entering. The counter is configured to count, based on the charge and pile-up, the respective numbers of events according to the charge and the event interval. The creator is configured to create histograms for the numbers of events.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a radiation measuring apparatus includes a detector, comparators, a threshold controller, counters, and a generator. The detector includes plural detecting elements each configured to convert energy of incident radiation into a first electrical signal. The comparators correspond to the respective detecting elements, each comparator being configured to output a second electrical signal when a level of the corresponding first electrical signal is not less than a threshold. The threshold controller is configured to supply a first value as the threshold to the respective comparators at a first time, and supply a second value as the threshold to the respective comparators at a second time. The counters correspond to the respective comparators, each counter being configured to count the corresponding second electrical signal. The generator is configured to generate a pulse height frequency distribution of the radiation by using counts of the counters.

Abstract: A pulse detection circuit according to an embodiment includes a conversion circuit, a delay circuit, first and second comparators, a latch, and a generation circuit. The conversion circuit converts an input signal into a thermometer code signal. The delay circuit outputs a delay signal being the thermometer code signal delayed by a predetermined delay time. The first comparator (The second comparator) compares the thermometer code signal with the delay signal and outputs an increase signal (a decrease signal) indicating whether the input signal is larger (smaller) than the input signal before the delay time. Based on the increase signal and the decrease signal, the latch outputs an increase-decrease signal indicating whether the input signal is increasing or decreasing. Based on the thermometer code signal and the increase-decrease signal, the generation circuit generates a pulse detection signal and a pileup detection signal.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an apparatus includes a first detector, a second detector, and a controller. The first detector is configured to detect first radiation at a first frequency within a first time by at least a first radiation detecting element and a second radiation detecting element that are positioned near to each other, and output a first signal. The second detector is configured to detect second radiation at a second frequency less than the first frequency within a second time by at least the first radiation detecting element and the second radiation detecting element, and output a second signal. The controller is configured to generate a third signal representing a difference between the first signal and the second signal, and calculate energy using the third signal.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a photon detector includes a photoelectric converter, a voltage supplier, a potential variation detector, and an adjustor. The photoelectric converter performs photoelectric conversion based on an incident photon and outputs current corresponding to number of photons. The voltage supplier supplies a voltage to the photoelectric converter. The potential variation detector detects potential variation of a cathode of the photoelectric converter. The adjustor adjusts a potential of an anode of the photoelectric converter based on the potential variation detected by the potential variation detector so that variation in a potential difference between the cathode and the anode of the photoelectric converter is reduced, and outputs current from the photoelectric converter to the outside.