Abstract: A MANET protocol, comprising: receiving a data packet (DP) from a current sender (CS) by a recipient, defining: an identity of the CS, a prior sender (PS) from which CS received DP, and a target recipient (ID), a count (HC) of hops previously traversed by DP, and a sequence identifier (SI); updating a forwarding table (FT) to mark CS as being reachable in one hop, and PS as being reachable in two hops via CS as next hop; determining if ID is the recipient; determining whether to rebroadcast by recipient, if and only if the SI is not present in a list of prior SIs; and selectively rebroadcasting DP by recipient in dependence on said determining, modified by: replacement of CS with an identity of the recipient, PS with CS, and ID with a next hop from the FT if present, and incrementing HC.

Abstract: A mesh network protocol, comprising: receiving a packet from a sender, identifying the sender, a prior sender, a flood mode, a time-to-live, and a sequence identifier; marking the recipient as critical if during a full flood period, the recipient is the same as the prior sender, and marking the recipient as non-critical if no packet is received with the recipient the same as the prior sender; rebroadcasting the packet, modified by updating sender with the recipient, and sender as prior sender, decrementing the time to live until expiration, and, the identity of the recipient is different from the identity of the prior sender in full flood mode; or the identity of the recipient is different from the prior sender, and the recipient is critical, in partial flood mode.

Abstract: A device, comprising a packet data interface port; a microcontroller, configured to control the packet data interface port, receive a input control signal through the packet data interface port, transmit a status report through the packet data interface port, and in dependence on the input control signal, produce an output control signal; and a radio frequency modification device, configured to modify a received radio frequency signal over a range selectively in dependence on the output control signal. A control processor, communicating through the packet data interface port with the microcontroller, may generate a plurality of the input control signals for a plurality of respective devices comprising the microcontroller and the radio frequency signal control device. The input control signals may be dynamically changed over time to emulate radio frequency conditions resulting from mobility of nodes in a mobile ad hoc radio frequency communication network.

Abstract: A system and method for managing congestion in a multi-hop wireless network, employing congestion notification messages. The technology has three main components: a mechanism at the Medium Access (MAC) layer for determining when a given source or transit node is deemed congested; a mechanism at the Network Layer (NL) determining how to propagate this information to applications, including suitably combining overload indications received from neighbors; and a mechanism at the Transport Layer (TL) of each source of traffic for determining when a source is generating excessive traffic, and combining it with Medium Access Control (MAC)-based overload indication from downstream nodes, thus providing a multi-layer approach to traffic throttling.

Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: A MANET protocol, comprising: receiving a data packet (DP) from a current sender (CS) by a recipient, defining: an identity of the CS, a prior sender (PS) from which CS received DP, and a target recipient (ID), a count (HC) of hops previously traversed by DP, and a sequence identifier (SI); updating a forwarding table (FT) to mark CS as being reachable in one hop, and PS as being reachable in two hops via CS as next hop; determining if ID is the recipient; determining whether to rebroadcast by recipient, if and only if the SI is not present in a list of prior SIs; and selectively rebroadcasting DP by recipient in dependence on said determining, modified by: replacement of CS with an identity of the recipient, PS with CS, and ID with a next hop from the FT if present, and incrementing HC.

Abstract: A system and method for managing congestion in a multi-hop wireless network, employing congestion notification messages. The technology has three main components: a mechanism at the Medium Access (MAC) layer for determining when a given source or transit node is deemed congested; a mechanism at the Network Layer (NL) determining how to propagate this information to applications, including suitably combining overload indications received from neighbors; and a mechanism at the Transport Layer (TL) of each source of traffic for determining when a source is generating excessive traffic, and combining it with Medium Access Control (MAC)-based overload indication from downstream nodes, thus providing a multi-layer approach to traffic throttling.

Abstract: A MANET protocol, comprising: receiving a data packet (DP) from a current sender (CS) by a recipient, defining: an identity of the CS, a prior sender (PS) from which CS received DP, and a target recipient (ID), a count (HC) of hops previously traversed by DP, and a sequence identifier (SI); updating a forwarding table (FT) to mark CS as being reachable in one hop, and PS as being reachable in two hops via CS as next hop; determining if ID is the recipient; determining whether to rebroadcast by recipient, if and only if the SI is not present in a list of prior SIs; and selectively rebroadcasting DP by recipient in dependence on said determining, modified by: replacement of CS with an identity of the recipient, PS with CS, and ID with a next hop from the FT if present, and incrementing HC.

Abstract: A system and method for managing congestion in a multi-hop wireless network, employing congestion notification messages. The technology has three main components: a mechanism at the Medium Access (MAC) layer for determining when a given source or transit node is deemed congested; a mechanism at the Network Layer (NL) determining how to propagate this information to applications, including suitably combining overload indications received from neighbors; and a mechanism at the Transport Layer (TL) of each source of traffic for determining when a source is generating excessive traffic, and combining it with Medium Access Control (MAC)-based overload indication from downstream nodes, thus providing a multi-layer approach to traffic throttling.

Abstract: A mesh network protocol, comprising: receiving a packet from a sender, identifying the sender, a prior sender, a flood mode, a time-to-live, and a sequence identifier; marking the recipient as critical if during a full flood period, the recipient is the same as the prior sender, and marking the recipient as non-critical if no packet is received with the recipient the same as the prior sender; rebroadcasting the packet, modified by updating sender with the recipient, and sender as prior sender, decrementing the time to live until expiration, and, the identity of the recipient is different from the identity of the prior sender in full flood mode; or the identity of the recipient is different from the prior sender, and the recipient is critical, in partial flood mode.

Abstract: A system and method for managing congestion in a multi-hop wireless network, employing congestion notification messages. The technology has three main components: a mechanism at the Medium Access (MAC) layer for determining when a given source or transit node is deemed congested; a mechanism at the Network Layer (NL) determining how to propagate this information to applications, including suitably combining overload indications received from neighbors; and a mechanism at the Transport Layer (TL) of each source of traffic for determining when a source is generating excessive traffic, and combining it with Medium Access Control (MAC)-based overload indication from downstream nodes, thus providing a multi-layer approach to traffic throttling.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fine pitch component placement on printed circuit boards are described. In one embodiment, a printed circuit board includes multiple vias and multiple of electrically conductive pads. The multiple vias include at least a first via and a second via. The multiple electrically conductive pads include a first pad and a second pad. The first pad and/or the second pad may include an electrically conductive material such as copper, silver, gold, or another conductive material. In some cases, the first pad and the second pad each have a reduced width portion positioned between and spaced apart from the first via and the second via.

Abstract: A device, comprising a packet data interface port; a microcontroller, configured to control the packet data interface port, receive a input control signal through the packet data interface port, transmit a status report through the packet data interface port, and in dependence on the input control signal, produce an output control signal; and a radio frequency modification device, configured to modify a received radio frequency signal over a range selectively in dependence on the output control signal. A control processor, communicating through the packet data interface port with the microcontroller, may generate a plurality of the input control signals for a plurality of respective devices comprising the microcontroller and the radio frequency signal control device. The input control signals may be dynamically changed over time to emulate radio frequency conditions resulting from mobility of nodes in a mobile ad hoc radio frequency communication network.

Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: A MANET protocol, comprising: receiving a data packet (DP) from a current sender (CS) by a recipient, defining: an identity of the CS, a prior sender (PS) from which CS received DP, and a target recipient (ID), a count (HC) of hops previously traversed by DP, and a sequence identifier (SI); updating a forwarding table (FT) to mark CS as being reachable in one hop, and PS as being reachable in two hops via CS as next hop; determining if ID is the recipient; determining whether to rebroadcast by recipient, if and only if the SI is not present in a list of prior SIs; and selectively rebroadcasting DP by recipient in dependence on said determining, modified by: replacement of CS with an identity of the recipient, PS with CS, and ID with a next hop from the FT if present, and incrementing HC.

Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fine pitch component placement on printed circuit boards are described. In one embodiment, a printed circuit board includes multiple vias and multiple of electrically conductive pads. The multiple vias include at least a first via and a second via. The multiple electrically conductive pads include a first pad and a second pad. The first pad and/or the second pad may include an electrically conductive material such as copper, silver, gold, or another conductive material. In some cases, the first pad and the second pad each have a reduced width portion positioned between and spaced apart from the first via and the second via.

Abstract: Generally discussed herein are systems, devices, and methods for scheduling node performance of communication and/or function. A method can include receiving, from a plurality of nodes, parameters indicating a trajectory and position of each of the plurality of nodes, creating a directed communication graph, creating a communications conflict graph, creating a function conflict graph indicating which function performed by one node of the plurality of nodes interferes with at least one of a function and communication performed by another node of the plurality of nodes, creating a universal conflict graph based on the communications conflict graph and the function conflict graph, creating a schedule for communication and function performance for each of the nodes based on the universal conflict graph, and providing data indicative of the schedule to nodes of the plurality of nodes.

Abstract: Generally discussed herein are systems, devices, and methods for scheduling node performance of communication and/or function. A method can include receiving, from a plurality of nodes, parameters indicating a trajectory and position of each of the plurality of nodes, creating a directed communication graph, creating a communications conflict graph, creating a function conflict graph indicating which function performed by one node of the plurality of nodes interferes with at least one of a function and communication performed by another node of the plurality of nodes, creating a universal conflict graph based on the communications conflict graph and the function conflict graph, creating a schedule for communication and function performance for each of the nodes based on the universal conflict graph, and providing data indicative of the schedule to nodes of the plurality of nodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods of operating a wireless network including allocating and assigning frequency channels using a dynamic and distributed process. For example, a network node in an ad hoc wireless network will assign frequency channels to one or more of its transceivers based on at least one of a list of allowed frequency channels and a neighbor-frequency channel list.