Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: A wind turbine system (100) is provided. The system (100) may include a plurality of blades (102). Each of the blades (102) may include a first pole (104), a second pole (106), a third pole (108) and at least one flexible member (112). The first pole (104), the second pole (106) and the third pole (108) may be positioned upright. A first end (110) of each of first pole (104), the second pole (106) and the third pole (108) may be disposed at corners of a triangle (134). The flexible member (112) may be connected to at least the first pole (104) and the third pole (108) such that the second pole (106) is disposed between the first pole (104), the flexible member (112) and the third pole (108).

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods of operating a wireless network including allocating and assigning frequency channels using a dynamic and distributed process. For example, a network node in an ad hoc wireless network will assign frequency channels to one or more of its transceivers based on at least one of a list of allowed frequency channels and a neighbor-frequency channel list.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network and a link-state packet capable of being transmitted by a source node in the network to a destination node in the network over a communication link; wherein the source node subtracts a transmission cost associated with the communication link from a time-to-live value associated with the link-state packet prior to transmitting the link-state packet to the destination node. Each node in the network may be configured to use a routing protocol, such as a no-sight routing protocol, to assign the transmission cost to the communication link.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods of operating a wireless network including allocating and assigning frequency channels using a dynamic and distributed process. For example, a network node in an ad hoc wireless network will assign frequency channels to one or more of its transceivers based on at least one of a list of allowed frequency channels and a neighbor-frequency channel list.

Abstract: Embodiments for providing channel assignments for high density multi-channel multi-radio (MC-MR) wireless networks are generally described herein. In some embodiments, N nodes are provided in the network. T transceiver node groups are provided that include a first number of groups of nodes, wherein the first number of groups of nodes for a first of the T transceiver node groups have the N nodes assigned consecutively with a second number of nodes per each of the groups of nodes being a function of N. The first number of group of nodes for a remaining number of the transceiver node groups comprises N nodes with transceivers arranged to provide access to any node within a predetermined number of hops. The arrangement of the second number of nodes per each of the groups of nodes in the T transceiver node groups provides an optimized throughput per node.

Abstract: In one implementation, a multilayered printed circuit board is configured to redirect current distribution. The current may be distributed by steering, blocking, or otherwise manipulating current flows. The multilayered printed circuit board includes at least one power plane layer. The power plane layer does not distribute current evenly. Instead, the power plane layer includes multiple patterns with different resistances. The patterns may include a hatching pattern, a grid pattern, a directional pattern, a slot, a void, or a continuous pattern. The pattern is a predetermined spatial variation such that current flows in a first area differently than current flows in a second area.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for multicasting a data packet through a wireless network. The method includes a packet metadata which maintains a set of next-hop nodes on the routing path as well as the assigned destination nodes of the packet. In addition, each node maintains only a single self-rooted forwarding tree for determining the routing path. By using the metadata in conjunction with a single forwarding tree at each node, the method introduces a highly scalable alternative to multicast protocols based on link state routing source-based trees while substantially reducing the processor load. Furthermore, the method does not require a consistent view of the network topology, making it useful in mobile scenarios. Also included is a mechanism to minimize the packet metadata size for minimal impact to performance while supporting arbitrarily large multicast group sizes.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network and a link-state packet capable of being transmitted by a source node in the network to a destination node in the network over a communication link; wherein the source node subtracts a transmission cost associated with the communication link from a time-to-live value associated with the link-state packet prior to transmitting the link-state packet to the destination node. Each node in the network may be configured to use a routing protocol, such as a no-sight routing protocol, to assign the transmission cost to the communication link.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network, the plurality of nodes comprising source nodes and destination nodes; wherein a propagation limit restricts the travel of link-state information transmitted by the sources nodes to a subset of destination nodes within the network. A network-layer protocol provided at a layer above that of the network facilitates communication between nodes within and outside of this subset of nodes.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein include adaptive routing processes for packet-based wireless communication networks. This routing approach works both in MANETs (when a contemporaneous end-to-end path is available) and in DTNs (when a contemporaneous end to end path is not available, but one of formed over space and time). In particular, the methods include adaptively selecting a routing process for transmitting a packet through a node in the network based on available information on the network topology and/or the contents of the packet.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network and a link-state packet capable of being transmitted by a source node in the network to a destination node in the network over a communication link; wherein the source node subtracts a transmission cost associated with the communication link from a time-to-live value associated with the link-state packet prior to transmitting the link-state packet to the destination node. Each node in the network may be configured to use a routing protocol, such as a no-sight routing protocol, to assign the transmission cost to the communication link.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein include, among other things, processes for providing low latency packet transport in ad hoc networks. To this end, the systems, in certain embodiments, employ an architecture for communication nodes in MANETs, in which the delay introduced in “routing” or “relaying” the packet is reduced. In these systems invention, the data plane of the OSI stack at relay nodes is collapsed so that bits entering the node are re-energized “on-the-fly”, with only a brief pause. A transit key in each packet, inserted by the originator of the packet, is used to index into a transit table to determine one of three actions to perform—drop, keep, or retransmit the packet. A control plane determines, for each packet, whether it should be re-energized or not. The control algorithm ensures that only nodes along the path from the source to the destination re-energize (relay) the packet.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network, the plurality of nodes comprising source nodes and destination nodes; wherein a propagation limit restricts the travel of link-state information transmitted by the sources nodes to a subset of destination nodes within the network. A network-layer protocol provided at a layer above that of the network facilitates communication between nodes within and outside of this subset of nodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods of operating a wireless network including allocating and assigning frequency channels using a dynamic and distributed process. For example, a network node in an ad hoc wireless network will assign frequency channels to one or more of its transceivers based on at least one of a list of allowed frequency channels and a neighbor-frequency channel list.

Abstract: A system comprising a plurality of nodes forming a network, the plurality of nodes comprising source nodes and destination nodes; wherein a propagation limit restricts the travel of link-state information transmitted by the sources nodes to a subset of destination nodes within the network. A network-layer protocol provided at a layer above that of the network facilitates communication between nodes within and outside of this subset of nodes.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein include adaptive routing processes for packet-based wireless communication networks. This routing approach works both in MANETs (when a contemporaneous end-to-end path is available) and in DTNs (when a contemporaneous end to end path is not available, but one of formed over space and time). In particular, the methods include adaptively selecting a routing process for transmitting a packet through a node in the network based on available information on the network topology and/or the contents of the packet.

Abstract: A method (508) and system (226) provide directional medium access control for wireless nodes (102) in a wireless network (100), each of the nodes (102) having a transceiver (228) and a plurality of antennas (232, 234, 236, 238, 240) in selective communication with the transceiver (228). Packets (202) are transmitted from a transmitting node (106) of the nodes (102) when a channel (104) is sensed as being free in a beam direction of a selected one of the antennas (232, 234, 236, 238, 240), and in accordance with a pre-determined transmission mode (304) for the data packet (202). The transmitting node (106) is periodically placed in a forced idle state, thereby being prevented from transmitting data packets (202), but being able to receive and respond to data packets (202) from other nodes (102).

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, apparatus, and software for disseminating link state information in an ad hoc network. The methods, apparatus, and software include an energy conserving processing based on a combination of a multipoint relaying and hazy scoping.