Abstract: A method is provided for channel encoding in a communication system using a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) code. The method includes grouping information bits into a plurality of groups, determining an order of the plurality of groups to be shortened, according to a code rate, determining a length of information bits to be obtained by shortening the plurality of groups, shortening the plurality of groups on a group basis in the determined order, based on the determined length of the information bits, and LDPC-encoding shortened information bits.

Abstract: Provided herein is an endoscope comprising an end portion configured to take an image; a controller configured to control the end portion and process the image input by the end portion; and a connector configured to connect the end portion and the controller, wherein the end portion is provided with at least one lens apparatus surrounding an exterior surface of the end portion, the lens apparatus being adapted to be brought to various focuses, thereby providing an effect of obtaining images from various viewpoints at a short period of time, and when used as an endoscope, obviating the need to move the multi-view and multi-focused variable lens at the end portion, making it possible to reduce the thickness of the connector that connects the end portion of the endoscope with the controller.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for transmitting and receiving a signal in a communication system are provided. The method includes checking a type of the signal to be transmitted; determining a number of puncture bits according to the type of the signal; and puncturing an encoded signal to be transmitted according to the number of puncture bits.

Abstract: A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for transmitting signaling information by a transmitting apparatus in a broadcasting system. A controller generates a codeword by encoding information bits of the signaling information. The codeword includes the information bits and parity bits. The controller punctures one or more of the parity bits to generate a punctured codeword. The controller generates a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames include a first frame including at least a part of the punctured codeword and a second frame including at least one additional parity bit for the signaling information. A transmitter transmits the plurality of frames. The at least a part of the punctured codeword is included in a preamble part of the first frame and the at least one additional parity bit is included in a preamble part of the second frame.

Abstract: An auto focusing lens includes an active lens including a lens body including electroactive polymer and a transparent electrode at least partially coated on a surface of the lens body, and a controller controlling the focus of the active lens by applying a voltage to the transparent electrode.

Abstract: An artificial muscle includes a first stress transmission part and a second stress transmission part, which are spaced apart from each other in a first direction, a contraction coil spring provided between the first and second stress transmission parts to pull the first and second stress transmission parts, and an expansion part provided between the first and second stress transmission parts to push the first and second stress transmission parts. The contraction coil spring has a shape of a spring progressing in the first direction, and the contraction coil spring is contracted by heat.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for encoding, transmitting, and receiving signaling information in a broadcasting/communication system are provided. The method includes generating the signaling information which comprises a plurality of pieces; determining a number of coded blocks to which the signaling information is to be encoded, based on a number of bits of the signaling information and a number of encoder input information bit; segmenting each piece of the signaling information based on the number of the coded blocks; constructing input information bits of each coded block to include segmented parts of each piece of the signaling information; encoding the input information bits to each coded block; and transmitting each coded block.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for transmitting data. A codeword is generated by encoding an information word. Parity bits of the codeword are grouped into a plurality of groups. The parity bits are interleaved according to a predetermined order. One or more of the interleaved parity bits are punctured to generate a punctured codeword. A frame including a portion of the punctured codeword is transmitted.

Abstract: Provided is a stretchable substrate, an electronic apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the electronic apparatus. The stretchable substrate includes a base part, first parts extruded from the base part, and second parts disposed between two adjacent first parts. The second parts have top surfaces positioned lower than the top surfaces of the first parts, and have wrinkles with random distribution.

Abstract: A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

Abstract: There is provided an optical imaging device including a flexible image sensor and an actuator that expands or contracts the flexible image sensor on a two-dimensional plane. It is possible to minimize distortion aberration and control a viewing angle and magnification.

Abstract: An auto focusing lens includes an active lens including a lens body including electroactive polymer and a transparent electrode at least partially coated on a surface of the lens body, and a controller controlling the focus of the active lens by applying a voltage to the transparent electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a thin film type actuator having multi-operation points, capable of various feels of touch or sounds. The film type actuator includes an upper plate and a lower plate, formed of a single plate. Between the upper plate and the lower plate, pairs of electrode parts capable of attracting one another via an electrostatic force. Since each of the pairs of electrode parts functions as an operation point and the upper plate and the lower plate are formed of the single plate, movements of the respective operation points in such a way that a new physical movement different from an original individual movement is generated to generate a haptic feel or a sound. It is possible to generate various haptic feels or sounds by modulating and combining amplitudes and frequencies of the respective operation points.

Abstract: There are provided an image processing apparatus and a control method thereof. An image processing apparatus includes an image sensor for acquiring a target image, an image processing module for performing focusing on a specific area of the acquired target image and determining a focal surface of the target image on the basis of the performed focusing, and a drive control module for controlling the curvature of the image sensor, based on the determined focal surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving signaling information in a digital broadcasting/communication system. A method for transmitting the signaling includes encoding signaling information for a physical layer to generate at least one coded block; and transmitting a frame comprising the at least one coded block.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for encoding, transmitting, and receiving signaling information in a broadcasting/communication system are provided. The method includes generating the signaling information which comprises a plurality of pieces; determining a number of coded blocks to which the signaling information is to be encoded, based on a number of bits of the signaling information and a number of encoder input information bit; segmenting each piece of the signaling information based on the number of the coded blocks; constructing input information bits of each coded block to include segmented parts of each piece of the signaling information; encoding the input information bits to each coded block; and transmitting each coded block.

Abstract: A microlens array and a method for fabricating thereof are provided. The microlens array of the present invention comprises a lens structure part formed by bistable dielectric polymer thin film; first and second electrode parts each formed on the upper surface and the bottom surface of the lens structure part to apply voltage for shape changes of the lens structure part; a circuit part applying heat to the dielectric polymer thin film to change the property of the dielectric polymer thin film to be soft; and a base part formed on the bottom surface of the second electrode in predetermined intervals. The method further comprises a hydraulic part to apply predetermined voltage to the bottom surface of the lens structure part. The microlens array is thus able to change optical properties by deform the shape of a transparent dielectric polymer thin film having bistablity to various sizes of lens shapes by the purposes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a varifocal lens module. A varifocal lens module according to an embodiment includes a lens formed of a flexible and transparent material and having a focal length varying according to a variable shape thereof; at least one driving part expanded or contracted in response to an electric signal; and at least one structural body configured to physically or chemically connect the lens and each driving part.

Abstract: Provided herein a display apparatus including a display panel including a first surface for displaying information and a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, and where a curvature is formed as a physical force is applied; and a curvature changing unit bonded to at least a portion of the second surface, wherein the curvature changing unit includes a first actuator unit configured to curve the display panel when a voltage is applied and a fixing unit configured to fixate the first actuator unit.