Abstract: A method for reducing Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) based radio communication system is provided. The method includes arranging symbols mapped to predetermined sub-carrier allocation types such that phases of the symbols do not overlap, and transmitting the arranged symbols.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus and methods of controlling these apparatuses are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an input processor configured to process a plurality of input streams to generate a plurality of base band frames; a bit interleaved and coded modulation (BICM) processor configured to perform forward error correction (FEC) coding, constellation mapping, and interleaving on the plurality of baseband frames; a symbol generator configured to add signaling data to the plurality of baseband frames output from the BICM processor to generate an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol; and a transmitter configured to select at least one of a plurality of pilot patterns based on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) size and a guard interval fraction, insert a pilot in the OFDM symbol according to the selected pilot pattern, and transmit a stream including the pilot-inserted OFDM symbol.

Abstract: A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

Abstract: A method is provided for channel encoding in a communication system using a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) code. The method includes grouping information bits into a plurality of groups; determining an order of the plurality of groups to be shortened, based on whether a specific region in a frame is to be LDPC-encoded, where the specific region has a different ratio of a number of bits to be shortened to a number of bits to be punctured; determining a length of an information word to be obtained by shortening the plurality of groups; shortening the plurality of groups on a group basis in the determined order based on the determined length of the information word; and LDPC-encoding a shortened information word.

Abstract: Provided are a microlens array film and a display device including the same. The microlens array film includes a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode facing each other and a flexible polymer layer placed between the first and the second transparent electrodes. Lenses may be freely deformed by regulating voltages applied to the first and second transparent electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a parity bit sequence to be transmitted or received over a plurality of frames in a communication system are provided. The method includes puncturing a first parity bit sequence by encoding, the first parity bit sequence with a first puncturing pattern; outputting, as a basic parity bit sequence, non-punctured parity bits that are remaining after the puncturing of the first parity bit sequence with the first puncturing pattern; puncturing a second parity bit sequence that is punctured by puncturing of the first parity bit sequence with the first puncturing pattern, the second parity bit sequence with a second puncturing pattern; and outputting, as an additional parity bit sequence, non-punctured parity bits that are remaining after the puncturing of the second parity bit sequence with the second puncturing pattern.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting a preamble in a Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) system are provided. The apparatus includes a first processor for generating a Modulation Signaling Sequence (MSS) using a plurality of received sequences, and for outputting a modulated sequence by differentially modulating the MSS. The apparatus also includes a scrambler for scrambling the modulated sequence by multiplying the modulated sequence by a scrambling sequence. A second processor receives the scrambled sequence through each allocated subcarrier, converts the received sequence into a time-domain signal, and generates and transmits the preamble.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving information in a broadcasting/communication system. The method includes comparing a number of bits of an information word to be transmitted with a predetermined threshold value; if the number of bits of the information word is less than the predetermined threshold value, determining a first parameter pair; if the number of bits of the information word is not less than the predetermined threshold value, determining a second parameter pair; determining a number of bits to be punctured based on one of the first parameter pair and the second parameter pair; and puncturing the determined number of bits to be punctured, with respect to parity bits of a codeword generated by encoding the information word.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus is provided. The signal processing apparatus includes: a packet classifier configured to receive a transport stream including a content, and classify a plurality of packets constituting the content into a plurality of packet groups according to a predetermined condition; and a transport unit configured to transport the plurality of packet groups through a plurality of signal processing routes to each of which a different signal processing method is applied.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving a data stream in a digital video broadcast system. The data stream is segmented into a plurality of segments of the data stream. A frame is generated. The frame includes a preamble section and a data section. The data section carries the data stream, and the preamble section carries signalling information. The frame is transmitted to a receiver. In generating the frame, the data section of the frame is segmented into a plurality of frequency zones, and at least one segment of the data stream is mapped to a frequency zone of the plurality of frequency zones. The signalling information includes first segmentation information of the data stream and second segmentation information of the plurality of frequency zones.

Abstract: Provided herein are a reflective lens capable of changing a focal length and an optical system using the same. An active reflective lens according to an embodiment includes: a lens unit including material that is deformable in response to an electric signal; a support unit configured to support the lens unit; a base unit formed below the support unit; a first electrode formed on the lens unit; and a second electrode formed on the base unit. The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is determined depending on a shape of an upper surface of the base unit, and the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode varies depending on regions of the lens unit.

Abstract: A method for mapping of one or more logical channels onto a radio frequency channel in a communication system is provided. The method includes determining a logical channel type from a plurality of logical channel types, and mapping at least one logical frame of the determined logical channel type to at least one physical frame on at least one Radio Frequency (RF) channel based on the determined logical channel type.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for reducing a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in a digital broadcasting system. Reserved tones are determined in previously determined locations of sub-carriers that do not collide with a pilot signal of a preamble in a frame. A signal is transmitted through the reserved tones in a period for which the preamble is transmitted. If a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) size is 8K, locations of the reserved tones are determined in accordance with a specified chart.

Abstract: Provided herein are an optical zoom lens capable of actively zooming in and/or out and an apparatus using the same. The optical zoom lens may include an electro-active polymer layer configured to be deformable in response to an electric signal; a lens structure formed over the electro-active polymer layer; a first electrode formed on an upper surface of the electro-active polymer layer; a second electrode formed on a lower surface of the electro-active polymer layer; and a control circuit unit configured to apply a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode. The optical zoom lens, having a structure of a combination of the polymer lens structure and the electro-active polymer actuator, is able to embody active variation in position of the polymer lens structure body and control therefor using deformation of the electro-active polymer layer by an electric signal.

Abstract: Provided herein is an artificial muscle capable of being miniaturized, realizing precision movement, and performing selective relaxation/contraction deformation according to the power output necessary in the muscle, the muscle including a first operation unit that includes electro-active polymer where relaxation-deformation occurs based on electric energy being applied; a heating unit that generates heat energy based on the electric being applied; a second operation unit that has a yarn structure and where contraction-deformation occurs based on the heat energy generated in the heating unit; and a control unit that applies electric energy to the first operation unit and the heating unit.

Abstract: Provided is a touch screen for generating a haptic sense that may minimize a structure added for haptic generation by simultaneously employing a single electrode layer that constitutes an existing touch panel as an electrode layer for transferring the haptic sense. A touch screen for generating a haptic sense according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a touch panel including at least one substrate, each formed with at least one electrode, and an additional electrode to generate the haptic sense on a portion touched on the touch panel using an electrostatic force that occurs between the additional electrode and a predetermined electrode among the at least one electrode.

Abstract: A wireless communication unit comprising a transmitter and a signal processor are provided. The signal processor is arranged to map service data onto a first set of multiple Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs), map the first set of PLPs onto a first set of logical frames, and form a first logical channel comprising the first set of logical frames. A structure of the logical frames is composed of PLPs of a plurality of different data types.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting data comprising a plurality of data streams in a broadcasting system are provided. The method includes dividing a frame into a plurality of physical layer zones; allocating the plurality of data streams to at least one of the plurality of physical layer zones; allocating signaling information associated with the plurality of physical layers to at least one of the plurality of physical layer zones; and transmitting the frame to which the signaling information is allocated.

Abstract: A touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a pressure detection unit including a light-source unit configured to generate an optical signal, an optical waveguide configured to transfer the optical signal, a sensing unit contacting with the optical waveguide to receive the optical signal according to an intensity of pressure applied externally, and a light-receiving unit configured to receive the optical signal transferred through the optical waveguide from the sensing unit; and an actuator contacting with the pressure detection unit to cause a deformation of a material according to the pressure intensity, wherein the actuator provides a tactile feedback through a vibration according to the pressure intensity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable Fresnel lens, including: an electric active polymer layer of which a form is deformed by an electric field; and a Fresnel lens coupled to an upper portion of the electric active polymer layer, and configured to change a position of a focus according to deformation of the form of the electric active polymer layer.