Abstract: A laser diode allowed to stabilize the polarization direction of laser light in one direction is provided. The laser diode includes a laminate configuration including a lower multilayer reflecting mirror, an active layer and an upper multilayer reflecting mirror in order from a substrate side, in which the laminate configuration includes a columnar mesa section including an upper part of the lower multilayer reflecting mirror, the active layer and the upper multilayer reflecting mirror, and the lower multilayer reflecting mirror includes a plurality of pairs of a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer, and a plurality of oxidation layers nonuniformly distributed in a direction rotating around a central axis of the mesa section in a region except for a central region of one or more of the low refractive index layers.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided with comprising a plurality of lens groups including, in order from an object, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3, and a fourth lens group G4, upon zooming from a wide-angle end state W to a telephoto end state T, a distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 increasing, a distance between the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 decreasing, and the most image side lens group among the plurality of lens groups moving along an optical axis with a trajectory having convex shape facing the object side, and given conditional expressions being satisfied, thereby excellently correcting chromatic aberration in a farther away shooting range, capable of having excellent optical performance with being compact.

Abstract: A high-frequency module has an antenna configured by integrally connecting a slot plate laid out with radiation slots to a plate having plural thin plates formed with a waveguide for supplying power to the slot plate, using a diffusion bonding. The waveguide of the antenna is connected to a dielectric waveguide of a high-frequency package via a waveguide provided on a resin substrate, thereby configuring a slot antenna at low cost, and connecting a power-supply slot of the slot antenna to a waveguide terminal of the high-frequency package with low loss.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor light-emitting device including a temperature detecting section which is allowed to accurately estimate an element temperature. The semiconductor light-emitting device includes: one or a plurality of surface-emitting semiconductor light-emitting sections and one or a plurality of semiconductor temperature detecting sections on a semiconductor substrate, the surface-emitting semiconductor light-emitting sections emitting light in a direction normal to the semiconductor substrate, the semiconductor temperature detecting sections not emitting light to outside. The semiconductor light-emitting sections and the semiconductor temperature detecting sections have a PN junction or a PIN junction in a direction normal to the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: An optical element Oc comprising, in order from an object side: a first segment group Gr1 having positive refractive power; a second segment group Gr2 having positive refractive power; a third segment group Gr3 having negative refractive power; and a fourth segment group Gr4 having positive refractive power; focusing on a near-distance object point from an infinite-distance object point being conducted by moving said first segment group Gr1 along an optical axis, said third segment group Gr3 being moved in a direction including a component perpendicular to the optical axis, and said optical element having positive refractive power on the whole, thereby providing an optical element including both of the focusing lens and the vibration reduction lens and capable of downsizing an imaging optical system including this optical element and acquiring a high image forming performance.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a surface-emitting semiconductor laser includes the steps of: forming a stacked structure having a lower-multilayer film reflector including a lower oxidizable layer having at least one layer, an active layer having a light emitting region, an upper-multilayer film reflector including an upper oxidizable layer and an upper layer on a substrate in this order; providing a first groove in the upper layer; and providing a second groove including a portion overlapping the first groove in a planar shape and a portion not overlapping the first groove in the stacked structure.

Abstract: A zoom lens ZL, which is mounted on an electronic still camera 1 or the like, is composed of, in order from the object side, a first lens unit G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit G2 having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit G3 having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens unit G5 having a positive refractive power. The first lens unit G1 has, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens with a convex surface on the object side, and a positive lens, and the second lens unit G2 has, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens with a convex surface on the object side, a biconcave lens, and a positive lens. The zoom lens satisfies a condition of the following expression: 0.005<(?f2)×f3/(f12)<0.023, where f1, f2, and f3 are the respective focal lengths of the first, second, and third lens units G1, G2, and G3.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided with comprising a plurality of lens groups including, in order from an object side, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3, and a fourth lens group G4, the third lens group G3 including, in order from the object side, a first positive lens of the third lens group, a negative lens of the third lens group, and a second positive lens of the third lens group, and a given conditional expression being satisfied, thereby excellently correcting chromatic aberration in a farther away shooting range, capable of having excellent optical performance with being compact.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, which are disposed in order from an object along the optical axis, wherein the third lens group comprises: a pre-group, which has a first positive lens, a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, a second positive lens, and which has a positive refractive power; and a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, which are disposed in order from the object; at least one of three surfaces of an object side and image side lens surfaces of the first positive lens and an object side lens surface of the negative meniscus lens is aspherical; and at least one of three surfaces of an object side lens surface of the second positive lens, and an object side and image side lens surfaces of the negative meniscus lens is aspherical.

Abstract: Providing an imaging apparatus capable of efficiently using effective pixels of a solid-state imaging device, and securing excellent peripheral light quantity of an image even upon vibration reduction. The imaging apparatus comprising: a high zoom ratio zoom lens 2 including, in order from the object, a first positive group, a second negative group, a third group, a fourth group, and a fifth group, upon zooming the first through fourth groups are moved along an optical axis; an imaging device capturing an image formed by the lens 2; a detector detecting variation in an image position; a driver moving the imaging device substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis; a controller controlling the driver for correcting variation in the image position; and a shield with an aperture for limiting bundle of rays incident on the periphery of the most object side lens in the lens 2; and given condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Providing an imaging apparatus capable of efficiently using effective pixels of a solid-state imaging device, and securing excellent peripheral light quantity of an image even upon vibration reduction. The imaging apparatus comprising: a high zoom ratio zoom lens 2 including, in order from the object, a first positive group, a second negative group, a third group, a fourth group, and a fifth group, upon zooming the first through fourth groups are moved along an optical axis; an imaging device capturing an image formed by the lens 2; a detector detecting variation in an image position; a driver moving the imaging device substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis; a controller controlling the driver for correcting variation in the image position; and a shield with an aperture for limiting bundle of rays incident on the periphery of the most object side lens in the lens 2; and given condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A laser diode allowed to stabilize the polarization direction of laser light in one direction is provided. The laser diode includes a laminate configuration including a lower multilayer reflecting mirror, an active layer and an upper multilayer reflecting mirror in order from a substrate side, in which the laminate configuration includes a columnar mesa section including an upper part of the lower multilayer reflecting mirror, the active layer and the upper multilayer reflecting mirror, and the lower multilayer reflecting mirror includes a plurality of pairs of a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer, and a plurality of oxidation layers nonuniformly distributed in a direction rotating around a central axis of the mesa section in a region except for a central region of one or more of the low refractive index layers.

Abstract: Providing a compact zoom lens exhibiting optical performance, of which a chromatic aberration in a telephoto state is well corrected. The zoom lens includes a plurality of lens groups, the plurality of lens groups includes at least three lens groups with positive refractive power, each of the three lens groups with positive refractive power has a positive lens, and given conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: A hot-dip Zn—Al alloy coated steel sheet exhibiting a beautiful coating appearance with metallic luster, in which no spangle or very fine spangles are formed, and having excellent blackening resistance and a method for manufacturing the hot-dip Zn—Al alloy coated steel sheet are provided. The hot-dip Zn—Al alloy coated steel sheet includes a hot-dip Zn—Al alloy coating layer containing 1.0 to 10 percent by mass of Al, 0.2 to 1.0 percent by mass of Mg, 0.005 to 0.1 percent by mass of Ni, and the balance being Zn and incidental impurities on at least one surface of a steel sheet. The manufacturing method includes the steps of dipping the steel sheet into a hot-dip Zn—Al alloy coating bath and pulling up and cooling the steel sheet, wherein the steel sheet pulled up from the coating bath is cooled to 250° C. at a cooling rate of 1° C. to 15° C./sec.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided with comprising a plurality of lens groups including, in order from an object, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3, and a fourth lens group G4, upon zooming from a wide-angle end state W to a telephoto end state T, a distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 increasing, a distance between the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 decreasing, and the most image side lens group among the plurality of lens groups moving along an optical axis with a trajectory having convex shape facing the object side, and given conditional expressions being satisfied, thereby excellently correcting chromatic aberration in a farther away shooting range, capable of having excellent optical performance with being compact.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided with comprising a plurality of lens groups including, in order from an object side, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3, and a fourth lens group G4, the third lens group G3 including, in order from the object side, a first positive lens of the third lens group, a negative lens of the third lens group, and a second positive lens of the third lens group, and a given conditional expression being satisfied, thereby excellently correcting chromatic aberration in a farther away shooting range, capable of having excellent optical performance with being compact.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a micromachine in which corrosion of a structure is restrained and the micromachine are provided. The method of manufacturing a micromachine includes a first step of patterningly forming a sacrificial layer 12 having a silicon oxide based material containing a hydrogen fluoride dissociating species on a substrate 11, a second step of forming a structure 16 on the substrate 11 in the state of covering the sacrificial layer 12, a third step of forming the structure 16 on the sacrificial layer 12 with a hole part or parts 18 reaching the sacrificial layer 12, and a fourth step of forming a vibrating space between the substrate 11 and the structure 16 by introducing only a hydrogen fluoride gas or only the hydrogen fluoride gas and an inert gas through the hole part or parts 18 and etching the sacrificial layer 12 by use of the dissociating species contained in the sacrificial layer 12. The micromachine is manufactured by the method.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, which are disposed in order from an object along the optical axis, wherein the third lens group comprises: a pre-group, which has a first positive lens, a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, a second positive lens, and which has a positive refractive power; and a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, which are disposed in order from the object; at least one of three surfaces of an object side and image side lens surfaces of the first positive lens and an object side lens surface of the negative meniscus lens is aspherical; and at least one of three surfaces of an object side lens surface of the second positive lens, and an object side and image side lens surfaces of the negative meniscus lens is aspherical.

Abstract: To provide an industrially-useful and environmentally-friendly novel oxidation reaction.

Abstract: Providing a high zoom ratio zoom lens system having a short total lens length and a small diameter of the first group despite of securing excellent optical performance, a half angle of view of 3.5° or less in the telephoto end, an f-number of 6 or less in the telephoto end, and a zoom ratio of about 10 or more. The system is composed of a first group having positive power, a second group having negative power, a third group having positive power , and a fourth group having positive power. The first group is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, a first positive lens having a convex surface facing the object, and a second positive lens. All groups moves along the optical axis upon zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end. Given conditions are satisfied.